Gujarati- English Learner’s Dictionary

Babu Suthar

(Second draft)

A Nirman Foundation Project

Department of South Asia Studies

University of Pennsylvania

820 Williams Hall

and Spruce

Philadelphia PA 19104

 Babu Suthar

In Memory of

Harivallabh Bhayani

↓

We will revise this draft again after we receive comments and suggestions from the

scholars and the users. There are still problems with phonetic transcription of some

words. We will fix them as soon as we get feedback from the scholars. Meanwhile,

we request the users to consult us before using information from this dictionary in

their reserach.

↓

Babu Suthar

bsuthar@sas.upenn.edu

Introduction

Gujarati is a poor language of the rich people. This language does not have scientifically

written grammar books. Whatever grammar books it has are mainly pedagogic. It does

not have well written dictionaries either. There are some, monolingual as well as

bilingual, but many of them are impressionistic and outdated. This language is divided

into many social and geographical dialects, but very few of them have been explored.

Many dialects still await their documentation. It has attracted many linguists, but their

impact on the language, speakers, and writers has been negligible. Gujaratis are

everywhere, and so is Gujarati; but Gujarati rarely is taught systematically. The children

of Gujarati Diaspora learn some Gujarati either from their parents or from Gujarati

language classes run mainly by Hindu temples. There is no well written teaching material

either. Some individuals have created some material, but much of it lacks

professionalism. In addition, it is also faulty either in grammar or in pragmatics or both.

This is unfortunate. In order to overcome this situation, partially if not fully, the

Department of South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania has taken a

leadership role. They have encouraged designing teaching material under which we have

created three textbooks: Gujarati Reader 1, 2 and 3. The Reader 1 is devoted to the

writing system, while the Reader 2 is devoted to written conversations. The Reader 3 is a

collection of Aesop’s fables rendered in Gujarati. This dictionary is a part of that project

but it has been funded by the Nirman Foundation, Washington DC. It is perhaps the first

dictionary of the language created for the beginning student who is learning Gujarati

language as a second language. It is also the first dictionary in Gujarati which gives

phonetic transcription of the head words in International Phonetic Alphabet. Besides, it is

also the first one that gives graphemic transcription of each head words. This dictionary

will certainly facilitate the learner in learning the differences between spoken and written

Gujarati.

I am thankful to Nirman Foundation. Without their support this dream would have

remained unfulfilled. I am also thankful to Prof. Bhikhu Parekh and Dr. Chandrakant

Shrof for taking personal interest in this project. I can not forget Prof. Guy Welbon,

former Chairperson of the South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania, who

underlined the need of creating teaching material and supported all the projects. This

dictionary is the third project that he supported. I am also thankful to Prof. Michael W.

Meister, the Chairperson of the Department of South Asia, for encouraging me in

finishing this work. Finally, I am thankful to Prof. Buckley, Department of Linguistics,

University of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Bharti Modi, Ex. Chairperson, Department of

Linguistics, The M.S. University of Baroda for ofering me guidance on various issues

related to compiling dictionary.

Babu Suthar

Sunday, June 29, 2003

Content

1. Explanatory notes 7

2. Abbriviations 10

3. Dictionary 12

A 12

Aa 20

; 25

: 26

w 26

W 29

¢ 30

Ae 30

AE 32

Ao 32

AO 33

k 33

` 41

g 46

3 52

c 55

2 62

j 65

z 70

4 73

5 75

6 77

7 79

t 80

9 87

d 88

0 96

n 100

p 111

f 132

b 137

- 146

m 154

y 167

r 168

l 175

v 183

= 200

q 205

s 205

h 229

x 235

}a 235

4. Gujarati Parts of speech 236

5. Numerals 255

Explanatory Notes:

Structure of the entries: Each entry contains five parts in the following order: 1. Head-

word, 2. Phonetic transcription, 3. Graphemic transcription, 4. Grammatical designation

and 5. Gloss. In addition, some entries may contain example.

1. Head-word: Head-word is the word to be glossed. It is given here in Gujarati script.

Spellings such as gÅga, p¨jo, 5*6I, sNt and sMp are avoided in favor of more traditional

spellings g&ga, p&jo, 5&6I, s&t and s&p.

2. Phonetic transcription: For each head-word phonetic transcription is given here in

Broad transcription. Syllabic division is also marked. This will facilitate the learners in

learning how to pronounce the words and how to relate them with their grapheme

structure. However, stress pattern is left unmarked.

Phonetic transcription is given in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) which is

given bellow:

Vowels:

Front Central

Back

Close-mid

Open-mid

Open

Consonants:

Pharyngeal vl.

vd.

g˙

Velar

vl.

k˙

vd.

Ô˙

Palatal

vl.

c˙

vd.

Î˙

Retroflex

vl.

ˇ˙

Post alveolar vl.

Alveolar vd.

vd.

d˙

Dental

vl.

t˙

Labiodental vd.

vd.

b˙

Bilabial

vl.

p˙

non-asp.

asp.

Plosive

Fricative

Nasal

Trill

Approximant

Lateral

approximant

3. Graphemic transcription: For each word graphemic transcription is also given using

the following symbols. This will help students learning the relationship between sound

and later with is not always symmetrical in Gujarati.

Vowels:

A Aa ; : w W ¢

\ a i ii u uu ru≤

Ae AE Ao AO A& AŠ

e \i o \u \m \h

Consonants:

k ` g 3

k\ kh\ g\ gh\

c 2 j z

c\ ch\ Ô\ Ôh\

4 5 6 7 8

ˇ\ ˇh\ Î\ Îh\ ¯\

t 9 d 0 n

t\ th\ d\ dh\ n\

p f b - m

p\ ph\ b\ bh\ m\

y r l v

y\ r\ l\ v\

= q s

ß\ s°\ s\

h X x }a

h\ Æ\ kß\ gn\

4. Gloss: Gloss illustrates the main sense of the word. In some cases, more than one

meaning are given in the order of their prominence.

Abbriviations

adj. adjective

advb. adverb

conj. conjunction

fem. feminine

hon. honorific

masc. masculine

neut. neuter

postp postposition

pron. pronoun

v.intr. intransitive verb

v.dat. dative verb

v.exp. experiencer verb

v.tr. transitive verb

Symbols:

/ . / syllabic break

< . > boundary of the letter

Akb&0 /\k.b\n.d˙\/ <\.k\.b\~.dh\> adj. .

1. intact. 2. neither opened nor broken.

Ak6avu& /\k.Îa.vu~/ <\.k\.Îa.vu~> v.intr.

to get angry.

Ak6avu& /\k.Îa.vu~/ <\.k\.Îa.vu~> v.intr.

to have cramp.

AkmRk /\.k\r.m\.k/ <\.k\.rm\.k\> adj. .

intransitive. a verb that does not take a

direct verb.

AksIr /\k.sir/ <\.k\.sii.r\> adj. .

effective.

AkSmat /\.k\s.mat/ <\.k\.sma.t\> neut.

. accident

AkSmate /\.k\s.ma.te/ <\.k\.sma.te>

advb.. accidentally.

AkXam8 /\k.Æa.m\¯/ <\.k\.Æa.m\.¯\>

fem.

1. perplexity. 2. acute worry.

AkXavu& /\k.Æa.vu~/ <\.k\.Æa.vu~> v.intr. .

to get angry.

Ak\k6 /\k.k\.Î/ </\.kk\.Î\> adj. 1. stiff.

2. unbending.

Ak\krmI /\k.k\r.mi/ <\.kk\.r\.mii> adj.

unfortunate.

Ak\kl /\k.k\l/ <\.kk\.l\> fem. . sense.

Axt /\k.ß\.t\/ <\.kß\.t\> adj. .1. whole.

2. unbroken.

Axy /\k.ß\.j\/ <\.kß\.j\> adj.

1.imperishable. 2. inexhaustible.

Axr /\k.ß\.r\/ <\.kß\.r\> masc. .1. a

letter, 2. a syllable

Axr /\k.ß\.r\/ <\.kß\.r\> adj. .

indestructible.

Axr=Š /\k.ß\.r\.ß\.h\/ <\.kß\.r\.ß\.h\>

adv.. 1.literally. 2. letter by letter. 3.

word by word.

Axa&= /\k.ßa~.ß\/ <\.kßa~.s\> masc. a

degree of latitude.

A`&6 /\.k˙\¯.Î\/ <\.kh\~.Î\> adj.

1.unbroken. 2. ceaseless.

A`&&i6t /\.k˙\¯.Îit/ <\.kh\~.Îi.t\> adj. .

1.unbroken. 2. constant.

A`tro /\.k˙\t.ro/ <\.kh\.t\.ro> masc.

.1. an experiment. 2. a trial

A`bar /\k˙.bar/ <\.kh\.ba.r\> neut. . a

news paper

A`a6o /\.k˙a.Îo/ <\.kha.do> masc. . a

gymnasium

A`at /\.k˙at/ <\.kha.t\> masc. .1. a bay.

2. a gulf

Agi8t /\.g\.¯it/ adj. .<\.g\.¯i.t\> 1.

innumerable. 2. uncounable.

Ag8otr /\.g\.¯o.t\r/ <\.g\.¯o.t\.t\>

adj. . sixty nine.

Ag*ya=I /\.g\.¯ja.ßi/ <\.g\.¯ja.ßii> adj. .

seventy nine.

AgTy /\.g\t.j\/ <\.g\.tj\> neut.

important.

AgTyta /\.g\t.j\.ta/ <\.g\.tj\.ta> fem. .

importance.

Agm cetI /\.g\m.ce.ti/ <\.g\.m\.ce.tii>

fem.

1.forsight. 2. precaution.

Agm va8I /\.g\m.va.¯i/ <\.g\.va.¯ii>

fem.1. prophecy. 2. mysterious words.

AgMy /\.g\m.j\/ <\.g\.mj\> adj. .1.

mysterious. 2. inaccessible.

Agrb]aI /\.g\r.b\t.ti/ <\.g\.r\.b\.ttii>

fem. . incense stick.

Agv6 /\g.v\Î/ <\.g\.v\.Î\> fem.

inconvenience.

Agaw /\.ga.u~/ <\.ga.u> prep.. before.

AgawnI /\.ga.u~.ni/ <\.ga.u.nii> adj. .

previous (in terms of time).

Agaw9I /\.ga.u.t˙i/ <\.ga.u.thii> advb.

.in advance.

AgasI /\.ga.si/ <\.ga.sii> fem. . terrace.

Aigyar /\.gi.jar/ <\.gi.ja.r\> adj.

.eleven.

Aigyarmu& /\.gi.jar.mu~/ <\.gi.ja.r\.mu~>

neut. the eleventh day after death.

Aigyars /\.gi.ja.r\s/ <\.gi.ja.r\.s\> fem.

the eleventh day of a fortnight of a

Hindu lunar month.

AigyarI /\.gi.ja.ri/ <\.gi.ja.rii> fem. . a

small fire temple in which Parsis keep

their sacred fire.

Agocr /\.go.c\r/ <\.go.c\.r\> adj.

1.beyond senses. 2. imperceptible.

AiGn /\g.ni/ <\.gni> masc. .fire

AiGndah /\g.ni.dah/ <\.gni.da.h\> masc.

. cremation ceremony.

AiGns&Skar /\g.ni.sam.ska.r\/

<\.gni.s\~.ska.r\> masc. . cremation

ceremony.

A3i4t /\.g˙\.ˇit/ adj. improper.

A3ru& /\.g˙\.ru~/ <\.gh\.ru~> adj.

difficult.

Ac&bo /\.c\m.bo/ <\.c\~.bo> masc. .1. a

surprise, 2. an astonishment

Acank /\.ca.n\k/ <\.ca.n\.k\> advb. .

1.suddenly, 2. accidentally

AcUk /\.cuk/ <\.cuu.k\> advb.

.1.without a mistake, 2. sure

A2t /\.c˙\t/ <\.ch\.t\> fem. .1.scarcity,

2. shortage

A2tu& /\.c˙\.tu~/ <\.ch\.tu~> advb.

.1.secret, 2. hidden

A2bDa /\.c˙\b.Îa/ <\.ch\.b\.Îa> masc. .

chicken-pox (honorific).

A2Ut /\.c˙ut/ <\.chu.t\> adj. .

untouchable

A2o6o /\.c˙o.Îo/ <\.cho.Îo> masc. a

chain of gold or silver

Ajgr /\Ô.g\r/ <\.Ô\.g\.r\> masc. . a

python

Ajb /\.Ô\b/ <\.Ô\.b\> adj. .1. strange, 2.

surprising

Ajmavvu& /\Ô.mav.vu~/ <\.Ô\.ma.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to try, 2. to test.

Ajmo /\Ô.mo/ <\.Ô\.mo> masc. . parsley

AjvaXvu& /\Ô.vaÆ.vu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

.to cleanse.

AjvaXIyu& /\Ô.va.Æi.Ôu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æii.ju~>

neut. 1. the bright half of a lunar month,

2. Small holes in the roof foe admitting

sun-light.

AjvaXu& /\Ô.va.Æu~/ <\.Ô\.va.Æu~> neut.

.light

Aj&po /\.Ô\.mpo/ <\.Ô\~.po> masc. .

restlessness

Aja8 /\.Ôa¯/ <\.Ôa.¯\> adj. . ignorant

Aja*yu& /\.Ôa.¯yu~/ <\.Ôa.¯ju~>

adj.1.unknown, 2. stranger

AjaybI /\.Ôa.j\.bi/ <\.Ôa.j\.bii> fem. .1. a

wonder, 2. a surprise

A@8R /\.Ôir.¯\/ <\.Ôii.r¯\> neut.

indigestion

Ajey /\.Ôej/ <\.Ôe.j\> adj. .

unconquerable

Ajo6 /\.Ôo.Î/ <\.Ôo.Î\> adj. . unique

A}aan /\g.na.n\/ <\.gna.n\> neut. .

ignorance

A}aanI /\g.na.ni/ <\.gna.nii> adj.

.ignorant

A4k /\.ˇ\k/ <\.ˇ\.k\> fem. .1. surname,

2. a family name. 3. last name.

A4kvu& /\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr. . to

stop.

A4kX /\ˇ.k\Æ/ <\.ˇ\.k\.Æ\> fem. . an

inference

A4p4u& /\ˇ.p\.ˇu~/ adj. <\.ˇ\.p\.ˇu~>

1.intricate, 2. complex

A4vavu& /\ˇ.va.vu~/ <\.ˇ\.va.vu~> v.intr. . to

wander.

A5vai6k /\ˇ˙.va.Îik/ <\.ˇh\.va.Îi.k\>

adj. . weekly

A5vai6yu& /\ˇ˙.va.Îi.ju~/ <\.ˇh\.va.Îi.ju~>

neut. a week

A5&g /\.ˇ˙\˜.g\/ <\.ˇh\~.g\> adj. . out and

out.

A5\5a; /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.i/ <\.ˇhˇha.i> fem. . a

religious vows of the Jains. A person

who takes this vow fasts for the period

of eight days.

A5\5a8u& /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.¯u~/ <\.ˇhˇha.¯u~> adj. .

ninety eight.

A5\5avn /\.ˇ˙ˇ˙a.v\n/ <\.ˇhˇha.v\.n\>

adj. fifty eight.

A5\yotr /\.ˇ˙jo.t\r/ <\.ˇhjo.t\.r\> adj. .

seventy eight.

A5\yasI /\.ˇ˙ja.si/ <\.ˇhja.sii> adj. . eighty

eight.

A6kvu& /\.Î\k.vu~/ <\.Î\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to

touch.

A6`e p6`e /\Î.k˙e p\Î.k˙e/

<\.Î\.khe p\.Î\.khe> adv..1. beside,

2. adjacent to, 3. side by side.

A6g /\.Î\g/ <\.Î\.g\> adj. .1.

immovable, 2. unperturbed.

A6c8 /\Î.c\¯/ <\.Î\.c\.¯\> fem. .

obstacle

A6talIs /\Î.ta.lis/ <\.Î\.ta.lii.s\> adj.

forty eight.

A6d /\.Î\d/ <\.Î\.d\> masc. a kind of

pulse

A60u& /\Î.d˙u~/ <\.Î\.dhu~> adj. half.

A6plu& /\.Î\p.lu~/ <\.Î\.p\.lu~> neut. .1.a

mischief, 2. a prank

A6vu& /\Î.vu~/ <\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. . to touch.

A6s5 /\Î.s\ˇ˙/ <\.Î\.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty

eight.

A6oA6 /\Îo.\Î/ <\.Îo.\.Î\> postp.

.very closely.

A6\6o /\Î.Îo/ <\.ÎÎo> masc. .a meeting

place of unsocial element.

A7Xk /\.Î˙\.Æ\k/ <\.Î\.Æ\.k\> adj. .

plentiful.

A7ar /\.Î˙ar/ <\.Îha.r\> adj. . eighteen.

A7I /\.Î˙i/ <\.Îhii> adj. . two and a

half.

A8gmo /\¯.g\.mo/ <\.¯\.g\.mo> masc.

. dislike.

A836 /\¯.g˙\Î/ <\.¯\.gh\.Î\> adj. .

unskilled

A80ayuR& /\¯.d˙a.rju~/ <\.¯\.dha.rju~> adj.

& advb. unexpected.

A8manItu& /\¯.ma.ni.tu~/ <\.¯\.ma.nii.tu~>

adj. .unfavorable.

A8vr /\¯.v\r/ <\.¯\.v\.r\> masc. a

relative of the bridgroom who assists

him during marriage ritual.

Ai8 /\.¯i/ <\.¯i> fem. sharp point of

anything.

Aiti9 /\.ti.t˙i/ <\.ti.thi> masc. . a guest

who comes without prior information.

Aitrek /\.ti.rek/ <\.ti.re.k\> masc. . an

excess

AtIt /\.tit/ <\.tii.t\> masc. . past.

Atu4 /\.tuˇ/ <\.tu.ˇ\> adj. . unbreakable.

A]ar /\ˇ.ˇ\r/ <\.tt\.r\> neut. .perfume

ATy&t /\t.j\n.t\/ <\.tj\~.t\> adj. .

excessive

ATyacar /\t.ja.car/ <\.tja.ca.r\> masc. .

tyranny

ATyare /\t.ja.re/ <\.tja.re> adv.. just now

A{a /\t.r\/ <\.tr\> advb.. at this place

A96avu& /\t˙.Îa.vu~/ <\.th.Îa.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to collide, 2. to hit against.

A9a8u& /\.t˙a.¯u~/ <\.tha.¯u~> neut. .

pickle

Ada /\.da/ <\.da> fem. . action.

Adalt /\.da.l\t/ <\.da.l\.t\> fem. . a

judicial court.

Adavt /\.da.v\t/ <\.da.v\.t\> fem. .

enmity.

A±+y /\.dr\ß.j\/ <\.dr\.ßj\> adj. .

invisible.

Ade`a; /\.de.k˙ai/ <\.de.kha.i> fem. .

jealously

Ade`u& /\.de.k˙u~/ <\.de.khu~> adj. .

jealous

Ad\-Ut /\d.b˙ut/ <\.d\.bhu.t\> adj. .

wonderful

A0kcru& /\d˙.k\c.ru~/ <\.dh\.k\.c\.ru~>

adj. partly baked or cooked.

A0m /\.d˙\m/ <\.dh\.m\> adj. mean.

A0mUw& /\d˙.mu.u~/ <\.dh\.mu.u> adj. .

half-dead.

A0mR /\.d˙\r.m\/ <\.dh\.rm\> masc. .1.

the reverse of religion, 2. immoral.

A0vc /\d˙.v\c/ <\.dh\.v\.c\> advb..1.

in the middle, 2. midway.

Ai0kar /\.d˙i.kar/ <\.dhi.ka.r\> masc. .

a right.

A0Iru& /\.d˙i.ru~/ <\.dhii.ru~> adj. .

impatient.

A0uru

& /\.d˙u.ru~/ <\.dhu.ru~> adj. .

incomplete.

A)0r /\d˙.d˙\r/ <\.dhdh\.r\> advb..1.

unsupported, 2. hanging in mid air.

An9R /\.n\r.t˙\/ <\.n\.rth\> masc. . a

misinterpretation.

An&t /\.n\n.t\/ <\.n\~.t\> adj. .1.endless,

2. infinite.

Anaj /\.naÔ/ <\.na.Ô\> neut. .grain.

Ana9 /\.nat˙/ <\.na.th\> adj. . orphan.

Ana9a[am /\.na.t˙a.ßr\.m\/

<\.na.tha.ßr\.m\> masc. . an

orphanage.

Anadr /\.na.d\r/ <\.na.d\.r\> masc. .

an insult.

Anamt /\.na.m\t/ <\.na.m\.t\> fem. .

deposit.

AnamI /\.na.mi/ <\.na.mii> adj. .

nameless.

Ainyimt /\.nij.mit/ <\.ni.j\.mi.t\> adj.

irregular.

Aini¾t /\.niß.cit/ <\.ni.ßci.t\> adj. .

uncertain.

AnIit /\.ni.ti/ <\.nii.ti> fem.

immorality.

Anukr8 /\.nu.k\.r\¯/ <\.nu.k\.r\.¯\>

neut.

immitation.

AnukUX /\.nu.kuÆ/ <\.nu.kuu.Æ\> adj. .

suitable.

Anuk/m /\.nu.kr\m/ <\.nu.kr\.m\>

masc. .1. order, 2. sequence.

Anu-v /\.nu.b˙\v/ <\.nu.bh\.v\> masc.

experience.

Anu-vI /\.nu.b˙\.vi/ <\.nu.bh\.vii> adj.

experienced.

Anuman /\.nu.man/ <\.nu.ma.n\> neut. .

an inference.

Anuvad /\.nu.vad/ <\.nu.va.d\> masc.

translation.

Anusrvu& /\.nu.s\r.vu~/ <\.nu.s\.r\.vu~>

v.intr to follow.

AnuSnatk /\.nus.na.t\k/ <\.nu.sna.t\.k\>

adj. post-graduate.

AnuSvar /\.nus.var/ <\.nu.sva.r\> neut.

a sign written on the top of a letter that

indicates a nasal sound or nasalization

of a vowel.

Ane /\.ne/ <\.ne> conj.. and.

Anek /\.nek/ <\.ne.k\> adj. . many.

ANyay /\n.jaj/ <\.nja.j\> masc. .

injustice.

Apco /\.p\.co/ <\.p\.co> masc. .

indigestion.

Apj= /\p.Ô\ß/ <\.p\.Ô\.ß\> masc.

.disgrace.

Apman /\p.man/ <\.p\.ma.n\> neut. .

an insult

Apvad /\p.vad/ <\.p\.va.d\> masc. . an

exception.

Apiv{a /\.p\.vit.r\/ <\.p\.vi.tr\> adj.

unholy.

Ap=Bd /\p.ß\b.d\/ <\.p\.ß\.bd\> masc.

an abuse.

Ap=ukn /\p.ßu.k\n/ <\.p\.ßu.k\.n\>

masc. . ill-omen.

Ap&g /\.p\˜.g\/ adj. . <\.p\~.g\> 1. lame,

2. crippled.

Apasro /\.pa.s\.ro/ <\.pa.s\.ro> masc. .

a Jain monestry.

ApUj /\.puÔ/ <\.puu.Ô\> adj. . not

worshipped.

Apexa /\.pek.ßa/ <\.pe.kßa> fem. .

expectation.

Ap/g4 /\.pr\.g\ˇ/ <\.pr\.g\.ˇ\> adj. .

unpublished.

Aip/y /\p.ri.j\/ <\.pri.j\> adj. .

disguisting.

Afva /\p˙.va/ <\.ph\.va> fem. . a

rumors.

Afsos /\p˙.sos/ <\.ph\.so.s\> masc. .1.

repentance, 2. alas.

Abj /\.b\Ô/ <\.b\.Ô\> adj. . one

thousand millions.

Abjopit /\.b\.Ôo.p\.ti/ <\.b\.Ôo.p\.tii>

adj. a millionaire

A-8 /\.b˙\¯/ <\.bh\.¯\> adj. .

illiterate.

A-av /\.b˙av/ <\.bha.v\> masc. .

dislike.

Ai-n&dn /\.b˙i.n\n.d\n/

<\.bhi.n\~.d\.n\> masc. congratulation.

(Honorific)

Ai-neta /\.b˙i.ne.ta/ <\.bhi.ne.ta> masc.

. a male actor.

Ai-p/a.y /\.b˙i.pra.j\/ <\.bhi.pra.j\>

masc. . an opinion.

Ai-man /\.b˙i.man/ <\.bhi.ma.n\> neut.

. arrogance.

Ai-manI /\.b˙i.ma.ni/ <\.bhi.ma.nii>

adj. . arrogant.

A_yas /\b˙.ja.s\/ <\.bhja.s\> masc. .1.

study, 2. practice.

Amr /\.m\r/ <\.m\.r\> adj. immortal.

Amaru& /\.ma.ru~/ <\.ma.ru~> pron.. our

(exclusive).

Amas /\.mas/ <\.ma.s\> fem. . the last

day of the dark half of a lunar month.

Amuk /\.muk/ <\.mu.k\> adj. . some.

AmULy /\.mul.j\/ <\.muu.lj\> adj.

.priceless.

Ame /\.me/ <\.me> pron.. we

(exclusive).

AyoGy /\.jog.j\/ <\.jo.gj\> adj. .

improper.

ArIso /\.ri.so/ <\.rii.so> masc. .a

mirror.

Are /\.re/ <\.re> inter.. an exclamation

expressing surprise, `oh’.

A9R /\r.t˙\/ <\.rth\> masc. 1. meaning,

2. wealth.

Alg /\.l\g/ <\.l\.g\> adj. . separate.

AlI /\.li/ <\.lii> fem. . a female friend

for a female.

Alop /\.lop/ <\.lo.p\> adj. . invisible.

AlOkIk /\.l\u.kik/ <\.l\u.kii.k\> adj. .

devine.

Avd=a /\v.d\.ßa/ <\.v\.d\.ßa> fem. .

misfortune.

Avnvu& /\v.n\.vu~/ <\.v\.n\.vu~> adj. .

new.

Avyv /\.v\.j\v/ <\.v\.j\.v\> masc. .a

limb.

Avro0 /\v.rod˙/ <\.v\.ro.dh\> masc. .a

hurdle.

Avlokn /\v.lo.k\n/ <\.v\.lo.k\.n\>

neut. . observation.

Av+y /\vß.j\/ <\.v\.ßj\> advb. . surely.

Avsr /\v.s\r/ <\.v\.s\.r\> masc. an

occasion.

Avsan /\v.san/ <\.v\.sa.n\> neut.

death.

AvXa; /\v.Æai/ <\.v\.Æa.i> fem. improper

behavior.

AvXu& /\v.Æu~/ <\.v\.Æu~> adj. up side

down.

Avaj /\.vaÔ/ <\.va.Ô\> masc. .1.voice, 2.

sound.

Avarnvar /\.var.n\.var/

<\.va.r\.n\.va.r\> advb. .frequently.

AvaXu& /\.va.Æu~/ <\.va.Æu~> neut. . the

gums of teeth.

Aivny /\.vi.n\j/ <\.vi.n\.j\> masc.

.immodesty.

A=kt /\.ß\k.t\/ <\.ß\.kt\> adj. . weak.

A=a&t /\.ßa~n.t\/ <\.ßa~.t\> adj. . troubled.

A=u)0 /\.ßud˙.d˙\/ <\.ßu.dhdh\> adj. .

impure.

A=u- /\.ßub˙/ <\.ßu.bh\> adj.

inauspicious.

Aqa6 /\.ßaÎ/ <\.s°°a.Î\> masc. ninth

month of the Vikram era.

AsTy /\.s\t.j\/ <\.s\.tj\> neut. .1. false,

2. untrue.

Asr /\.s\r/ <\.s\.r\> fem. .effect.

Asl /\.s\l/ <\.s\.l\> adj. .original.

Ashkar /\.s\h.kar/ <\.s\.h\.ka.r\>

masc. .

non-co-operation.

Ashay /\.s\.haj/ <\.s\.ha.j\> adj. .

helpless.

As¬ /\.s\h.j\/ <\.s\.hj\> adj. .

unbearable.

As&~y /\.s\¯.k˙j\/ <\.s\~.khj\> adj.

innumerable.

As&toq /\.s\n.toß/ <\.s\~.to.s°\> masc. .

dissatisfaction.

As&-v /\.s\m.b˙\v/ <\.s\~.bh\.v\> adj.

.impossible.

As&mt /\.s\m.m\t/ <\.s\~.m\.t\> adj.

.disagreeing.

As&SkarI /\.sams.ka.ri/ <\.s\~.ska.rii>

adj. . uncivilized.

Asa)y /\.sa.d˙j\/ <\.sa.dhj\> adj. .

incurable.

Asur /\.sur/ <\.suu.r\> masc. . demon.

AiS9r /\.st˙i.r\/ <\.sthi.r\> adj. .

unstable.

ASpQ4 /\.sp\ß.ˇ\/ <\.sp\.s°ˇ\> adj. .

vague.

ASvC2 /\.sv\c.c˙\/ <\.sv\.cch\> adj. .

impure.

ASvS9 /\.sv\s.t˙\/ <\.sv\.sth\> adj.

1.restless 2. sick.

ASva-aivk /\.sva.b˙a.vi.k\/

<\.sva.bha.vi.k\> adj. . unnatural.

ASvIkar /\.svi.kar/ <\.svii.ka.r\> masc.

1.rejection 2. denial.

Aih&sk /\.him.s\k/ <\.hi~.s\.k\> adj. .

non-violent.

Aihsa /\.him.sa/ <\.hi~.sa> fem. . non-

vilence.

AhI& /\.hi~/ <\.hi~> advb. . here.

AhI&ya& /\.hi~.ja~/ <\.hi~.ja~> advb. .same as

AhI&.

Ahoho /\.ho.ho/ <\.ho.ho> excl.. an

exclamation expressing surprise.

AX`am8u& /\Æ.k˙am.¯u~/ <\.Æ\.kha.m\.¯u~>

adj. .1. unfavorable 2. disagreeable.

AXgu& /\Æ.gu~/ <\.Æ\.gu~> adj. .1.detached

2. uncommon.

A&kur /\˜.ku.r\/ <\~.ku.r\> masc. .1. a

sprout 2. an offshoot.

A&g /\˜.g\/ <\~.g\> neut. . the body.

A&grxk /\˜.g\.r\k.ß\.k\/

<\~.g\.r\.kß\.k\> masc. .a body-guard.

A&gU5I /\˜.gu.ˇ˙i/ <\~.guu.ˇhii> fem. . a

finger ring.

A&gU5o /\˜.gu.ˇ˙o/ <\~.gu.ˇho> masc. .a

thumb.

A&g/ej /\˜.g\.reÔ/ <\~.gre.Ô\> masc. . an

Englishman.

A&g/e@ /\˜.g\.re.Ôi/ <\~.gre.Ôii> fem.

.English.

A&t /\n.t\/ <\~.t\> masc. . an end.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.t\.r\> neut. . distance.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.nt\.r\> neut. .1.the

heart 2. the mind. [an abstract notion that

refers to one’s conscience.]

A&itm /\n.tim/ <\~.ti.m\> adj. . last.

A&te /\n.te/ <\~.te> advb. .1. finally 2. at

last.

A&dr /\n.d\r/ <\~.d\.r\> postp. .1. in 2.

within 3. inside 4. into.

A&daj /\n.daÔ/ <\~.da.Ô\> masc. . an

estimate.

A&0a0U&0I /\n.d˙a.d˙u~n.d˙i/

<\~.dha.dhuu~.dhii> fem. . chaos.

A&0apo /\n.d˙a.po/ <\~.dha.po> masc. .

blindness.

A&0arIyu& /\n.d˙a.ri.ju~/ <\~.dha.rii.ju~> neut.

. the dark half of a lunar month.

A&0aru& /\n.d˙a.ru~/ <\~.dha.ri.ju~> neut. .

darkness.

A&bo6o /\m.bo.Îo/ <\~.bo.Îo> masc. . a

knot of plaited hair of a woman.

A&= /\mß/ <\~.ß\> masc. .a part, a section

Aa /a/ <a> proun.. this.

Aakar /a.kar/ <a.ka.r\> masc. .1. shape

2. form.

Aaka= /a.kaß/ <a.ka.ß\> neut. . sky.

Aaka&xa /a.ka~.kßa/ <a.ka~.kßa> fem. .

desire.

Aak<it /ak.ru.ti/ <a.kru≤.ti> fem. . a

diagram.

Aak/m8 /ak.r\.m\¯/ <a.kr\.m\.¯\> neut.

. an attack.

Aaxep /ak.ßep/ <a.kße.p\> masc.

.accusation.

Aa`re /a.k˙\.re/ <a.kh\.re> advb.

.finally.

Aa`lo /ak˙.lo/ <a.kh\.lo> masc. . a bull.

Aag /ag/ <a.g\> fem. . fire.

Aagbo4 /ag.boˇ/ <a.g\.bo.ˇ\> fem. a

steamer.

Aagm /a.g\m/ <a.g\.m\> masc.

religious texts of the Jains.

Aaglu& /ag.lu~/ <a.g\.lu~> adj. . previous.

AagX /a.g\Æ/ <a.g\.Æ\> advb. .1. in front

of 2. in future.

AagamI /a.ga.mi/ <a.ga.mii> advb.

1.ensuing 2. forthcoming.

AagahI /a.ga.hi/ <a.gaa.hii> fem. .a

prediction.

Aaigyo /a.gi.jo/ <a.gi.jo> masc. . 1. a fire

fly, 2. a glowworm, 3. a lightning bug.

Aag/h /ag.r\.h\/ <a.gr\.h\> masc. .a

strong request.

Aa3at /a.g˙at/ <a.gha.t\> masc. a shock.

Aa3u& /a.g˙u~/ <a.ghu~> advb. . distant.

Aacrkucr /a.c\r ku.c\r/ neut.

.miscellaneous food or household

articles.

Aacar /a.c\r/ <a.ca.r\> masc. .behavior.

AacayR /a.car.j\/ <a.ca.rj\> masc. 1. a

principal 2. a spritual leader. (Honorific)

Aa2u& /a.c˙u~/ <a.chu~> adj. dim.

Aaj /aÔ/ <a.Ô\> fem. today.

Aa@@ /a.Ôi.Ôi/ <a.Ôii.Ôii> fem. an humble

request.

Aa@vn /a.Ôi.v\n/ <a.Ôii.v\.n\> adj. .

lifelong.

Aaju baju /a.Ôu ba.Ôu/ <a.Ôu.ba.Ôu> adv.

around.

Aa4lu& /aˇ.lu~/ <a.ˇ\.lu~> adj. .this much.

Aa4o /a.ˇo/ <a.ˇo> masc. . flour.

Aa5 /aˇ˙/ <a.ˇh\> adj. . eight.

Aa5m /a.ˇ˙\m/ <a.ˇh\.m\> fem. . the

eighth day of bright or dark half of the

Hindu month.

Aa68I /aÎ.¯i/ <a.Î\.¯ii> fem. . a wooden

round stood to shape rotali or puri .

Aa6{aIs /a.Î\t.ris/ <a.Î\.trii.s\> adj. .

thirty eight.

Aa6u& /a.Îu~/ <a.Îu~> adj. . crosswise.

Aa6o=pa6o= /a.Îoß.pa.Îoß/

<a.Îo.ß\.pa.Îo.ß\> masc. neighbours.

Aa8vu& /a¯.vu~/ <a.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to fetch

2. to bring.

Aa8u& /a.¯u~/ <a.¯u~> neut. .

AaTma /at.ma/ <a.tma> masc. . soul.

Aa9m8u& /a.t˙\m.¯u~/ <a.th\.m\.¯u~> adj. .

western.

Aa9mvu& /a.t˙\m.vu~/ <a.th\.m\.vu~> v.intr

.to set.

Aadr /a.d\r/ <a.d\.r\> masc. .respect.

Aad=R /a.d\r.ß\/ <a.d\.rß\> adj. . ideal.

Aada=I=I /a.da.ßi.ßi/ <a.da.ßii.ßii> fem. .

migraine.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> adj. first.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> advb. . etc.

AaidvasI /a.di.va.si/ <a.di.va.sii> masc.

.1. aboriginal, 2. tribal.

Aadu& /a.du~/ <a.du~> neut. .green ginger.

Aade= /a.deß/ <a.de.ß\> masc. . an order.

Aa0ar /a.d˙ar/ <a.dha.r\> masc. .1. a

support 2. an evidence.

Aa0uink /a.d˙u.nik/ <a.dhu.ni.k\> adj. .

modern.

Aa0e6 /a.d˙eÎ/ <a.dhe.Î\> adj. . elderly.

Aa)yaiTmk /a.d˙jat.mik/ <a.dhja.tmi.k\>

adj. spiritual.

Aan&d /a.n\n.d\/ <a.n\~.d\> masc. .1.

pleasure 2. joy.

AanakanI /a.na.ka.ni/ <a.na.ka.ni> fem.

1.hesitation 2. indecision.

Aap8e /ap.¯e/ <a.p\.¯e> pron.. we

(inclusive).

Aapi]a /a.p\t.ti/ <a.p\.¯e> fem. . trouble.

AapmeXe /ap.me.Æe/ <a.p\.me.Æe> advb. .

atomatically.

Aaple /ap.le/ <a.p\.le> fem. . give and

take.

AapvItI /ap.vi.ti/ <a.p\.vii.tii> fem. .1.

autobiography 2. good and bad events of

life.

Aapvu& /ap.vu~/ <a.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to give.

AapoAap /a.po.ap/ <a.po.a.p\> advb. .

automatically.

Aafro /ap˙.ro/ <a.ph\.ro> masc. . gas

due to indigestion.

AafUs /a.p˙u:s/ <a.phuu.s\> fem. . a

kind of mango.

Aab£ /ab.ru/ <a.b\.ruu> fem.

.reputation.

AabehUb /a.be.hub/ <a.be.hu.b\> adj. .

exact.

Aabohva /a.bo.h\.va/ <a.bo.h\.va> fem. .

climate.

Aa- /ab˙/ <a.bh\> neut. . sky.

Aa-ar /a.b˙ar/ <a.bha.r\> masc. .

thanks.

Aa-as /a.b˙as/ <a.bha.s\> masc.

.illusion.

Aa-Uq8 /a.b˙u.ß\¯/ <a.bhu.s°\.¯\> neut. .

ornaments.

Aam /am/ <a.m\> advb. .in this manner.

Aamjnta /am.Ô\n.ta/ <a.m\.Ô\.n\.ta>

adj. .1. the common people, 2. laymen.

Aam8e /am.¯e/ <a.m\.¯e> pron.. these

persons.

Aamtem /am.tem/ <a.m\.te.m\> advb.

.here and there.

Aam9I /am.t˙i/ <a.m\.thii> advb. .from

this side.

AamdanI /am.da.ni/ <a.m\.da.nii> fem.

.income.

AamNya /amn.ja/ <a.m\.nja> fem. .

respect for the elders.

Aamr8 /a.m\.r\¯/ <a.m\.r\.¯\> advb. .

till the end of life.

AamlI /am.li/ <a.m\.lii> fem. .the

tamrid tree.

AamXvu& /a.m\Æ.vu~/ <a.m\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. . to

twist together.

Aam&{a8 /a.m\n.tr\¯/ <a.m\.ntr\.¯\>

neut. an invitation.

Aam&{a8 pi{aka /a.m\n.tr\¯ p\.tri.ka/

<a.m\.ntr\.¯\ p\.tri.ka> fem. .an

invitation letter.

Aayno /aj.no/ <a.j\.no> masc. . a mirror.

Aaya. /a.ja/ <a.ja> fem. . a maid servent.

Aayat /a.jat/ fem. . import.

Aayojn /a.jo.Ô\n/ <a.ja.t\> neut. .

management.

AartI /ar.ti/ <a.r\.tii> fem. .1. a sacred

lamp 2. a religious prayer sung with a

sacred lamp.

Aarpar /ar.par/ <a.r\.pa.r\> advb. .

through one end to another.

Aar&- /a.r\m.b˙\/ <a.r\~.bh\> masc. .

beginning.

Aaram /a.ram/ <a.ra.m\> masc. . rest.

AaroGy /a.rog.j\/ <a.ro.gj\> neut. .

health.

Aarop /a.rop/ <a.ro.p\> masc. .

accusation.

Aalvu& /al.vu~/ <a.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to give.

Aavk /a.v\k/ <a.v\.k\> fem. income.

Aavkar /av.kar/ <a.v\.ka.r\> masc. .

welcome.

Aav6t /av.Î\t/ <a.v\.Î\.t\> fem. . a

skill.

Aav6vu& /a.v\Î.vu~/ <a.v\.Î\.vu~> v.exp..

know.

Aav6u& /av.Îu~/ <a.v\.Îu~> adj. . of this

size.

Aavrda /a.v\r.da/ <a.v\.r\.da> fem.

.life-span.

Aavvu& /av.vu~/ <a.v\.vu~> v.intr. to come.

Aavu& /a.vu~/ <a.vu~> advb. .of this kind.

Aaveg /a.veg/ <a.ve.g\> masc. . an

excitement.

Aave= /a.veß/ <a.ve.ß\> masc. . an

emotional excitement.

Aa=y /a.ß\j/ <a.ß\.j\> masc. . an

intention.

Aa=re /aß.re/ <a.ß\.re> advb. .1. about 2.

approximately 3. roughly.

Aa=ro /aß.ro/ <a.ß\.ro> masc. .shelter.

Aa=a /a.ßa/ <a.ßa> fem. . hope.

Aa=a7 /a.ßaÎ˙/ <a.ßa.Îh\> masc. . the

nine month of the Hindu calendar.

Aai=q /a.ßiß/ <a.ßi.s°\> fem. . a blessing.

Aai=vaRd /a.ßir.vad/ <a.ßi.rva.d\> masc.

a blessing. (honorific)

Aa¾yR /aß.c\r.j\/ <a.ßc\.rj\> neut. . a

surprise.

Aa[am /aß.r\m/ <a.ßr\.m\> masc. .a

hermitage.

Aa¼asn /aß.va.s\n/ <a.ßva.ß\.n\> masc.

. consolation.

Aasn /a.s\n/ <a.s\.n\> neut. . a seat

(formal).

Aas pas /as.pas/ <a.s\.pa.s\> advb.

around.

Aasman /as.man/ <a.s\.ma.n\> neut. .

the sky.

AaiStk /as.ti.k\/ <a.sti.k\> adj. . theistic.

Aaso /a.so/ <a.so> masc. . the last month

of Hindu calander.

AaS9a /as.t˙a/ <a.stha> fem. .1. faith 2.

devotion.

AaSvad /as.va.d\/ <a.sva.d\> masc. .a

tasting.

Aahaha /a.ha.ha/ <a.ha.ha> inter.. an

exclamation signifying surprise.

Aahar /a.har/ <a.ha.r\> masc. . food

(formal).

AahIr /a.hir/ <a.hii.r\> masc. . a

shepherd community.

Aahuit /a.hu.ti/ <a.huu.ti> fem. .1. an

offering 2. a sacrifice.

AaXs /a.Æ\s/ <a.Æ\.s\> fem. .laziness.

AaXo4vu& /a.Æoˇ.vu~/ <a.Æo.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. . to

wallow.

Aa&k /a~k/ <a~.k\> masc. . tables of

multiplications.

Aa&k6a=aS{a /a~k.Îa.ßaß.tr\/

<a~.k\.Îa.ßa.str\> neut. . statistics.

Aa&k6o /a~k.Îo/ <a~.k\.Îo> masc. .1. a

number 2. a number-sign.

Aa&kvu& /a~k.vu~/ <a~.k\.vu~> v.tr. . to

estimate a price.

Aa&` /a~k˙/ <a~.kh\> fem. . an eye.

Aa&g8u& /a~g.¯u~/ <a~.g\.¯u~> neut. . open

space in front of a house.

Aa&gXIyat /a~.g\.Æi.jat/ <a~.g\.Æi.ja.t\> adj. .

a child of the former husband of a

remarried woman.

Aa&ckvu& /a~.c\k.vu~/ <a~.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. . to

snatch forcfully.

Aa&ckI /a~c.ki/ <a~.c\.kii> fem. .hiccup.

Aa&cko /a~c.ko/ <a~.c\.ko> masc. . a jerk.

Aa&jvu& /a~Ô.vu~/ <a~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. . to anoint

eyes with collyrium.

Aa&tr6u& /a~.t\r.Îu~/ <a~.t\.r\.Îu~> neut. .

intestine.

Aa&trraiQ4^y /a~n.t\r. raß.ˇri.ja/

<a~.t\.r\.ra.s°ˇri.j\> adj. . international.

Aa&trvu& /a~.t\r.vu~/ <a~.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

block.

Aa&trIk /a~t.rik/ <a~.t\.rii.k\> adj. .

internal.

Aa&doln /a~n.do.l\n/ <a~.do.l\.n\> neut. .

agitation.

Aa&08 /a~.d˙\¯/ <a~.dh\.¯\> neut. . water

boild for cooking food.

Aa&bo /a~.bo/ <a~.bo> masc. . a mango tree.

Aa&su& u/a~.su~/ <a~.su~> neut. . a tear.

;

;C2vu& /ic.c˙\.vu~/ <i.cch\.vu~> v.tr. . to

wish.

;C2a /ic.c˙a/ <i.ccha> fem. .1. desire 2.

wish.

;jner /iÔ.ner/ <i.Ô\.ne.r\> masc. . an

engineer.

;jaro /i.Ôa.ro/ <i.Ôa.ro> masc.

.monopoly.

;jjt /iÔ.Ô\t/ <i.ÔÔ\.t\> fem. .1. reputation

2. a woman’s chasity.

;5\5oter /iˇ˙.ˇ˙o.ter/ <i.ˇhˇho.te.r\> adj. .

seventy eight.

;5\yasI /i.ˇ˙ja.si/ <i.ˇhja.sii> adj. . eighty

eight.

;tr /i.t\r/ <i.t\.r\> adj. . another.

;ithas /i.ti.has/ <i.ti.ha.s\> masc.

.history.

;nam /i.nam/ <i.na.m\> neut. .1. a gift

2. a present 3. a prize.

;mam /i:.mam/ <i.ma.m\> masc. . the

chief prise of Muslims (honorific).

;mart /i:.ma.r\t/ <i.ma.r\.t\> fem. . a

big building.

;yX /i:.j\Æ/ <i.j\.Æ\> fem. . a kind of

worm.

;laj /i:.laÔ/ <i.la.Ô\> masc. .a cure.

;laycI /i:.la.j\.ci/ <i.la.j\.cii> fem.

.cardamom.

;+k /i:ß.k\/ <i.ßk\> masc. . love.

;iSptal /i:s.pi.tal/ <i.spi.ta.l\> fem. . a

hospital.

;Slam /is.lam/ <i.sla.m\> masc. . Islam.

;N±Iy /in.dri.j\/ <i.ndrii.j\> fem. . a

sense.

:ja /iŠ.Ôa/ <ii.Ôa> fem. .injury.

:6lI /iŠÎ.li/ <ii.Î\.lii> fem. . a South

Indian food dish.

:d /iŠd/ <ii.d\> fem. . a festival of

Muslims.

:d6u& /iŠd.Îu~/ <ii.d\.Îu~> neut. . a food

item made out of fermented flour.

:=an /iŠ.ßan/ <ii.ßa.n\> fem. .north-east.

:¼r /iŠß.v\r/ <ii.ßv\.r\> masc. .god.

:sa: /iŠ.sa.iŠ/ <ii.sa.ii> masc. a

Christian.

:&4 /iŠˇ/ <ii~.ˇ\> fem. .a brick.

:&6u& /i~Š.¯du~/ <ii~.Îu~> neut. . an egg.

wkr6o /u.k\r.Îo/ <u.k\.r\.Îo> masc. .a

dunghill.

wkXvu& /u.k\Æ.vu~/ <u.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. . to

boil.

wkXa4 /uk.Æaˇ/ <u.k\.Æa.ˇ\> masc. .

uneasiness and perspiration caused by

heat.

wkaXvu& /u.kaÆ.vu~/ <u.ka.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to

make something boiled.

wkel /u.kel/ <u.ke.l\> masc. . a solution.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to

read (in the sense of deciphering).

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to

solve.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. . to

untwined.

w`a8u& /u.k˙a.¯u~/ <u.kha.¯u~> neut. . a

riddle.

wgamvu& /u.gam.vu~/ <u.ga.m\.vu~> v.tr. .

to raise something to strike.

w3ra8I /ug˙.ra.¯i/ <u.g\.ra.¯ii> fem. .

collection of money due from.

w3ravvu&& /ug˙.rav.vu~/ <u.gh\.ra.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .to collect money by contribution.

wca4 /u.caˇ/ <u.ca.ˇ\> masc. .

restlessness.

wcapt /u.ca.p\t/ <u.ca.p\.t\> fem. .

misappropriation.

wCcar /uc.car/ <u.cca.r\> masc. .

pronunciation.

wCcarvu& /u.ccar.vu~/ <u.cca.r\.vu~> v.tr. .

to pronounce.

wC2vas /uc.c˙\.vas/ <u.cch\.va.s\>

masc. . exhaling.

w2Xvu& /u.c˙\Æ.vu~/ <u.ch\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to jump, 2. to be tossed.

w2aXvu& /u.c˙aÆ.vu~/ <u.cha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .

to toss up.

w2ervu& /u.c˙er.vu~/ <u.che.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

raise.

wjagro /u.Ôag.ro/ <u.Ôa.g\.ro> masc. .

abstinence from sleep.

wja8I /u.Ôa.¯i/ <u.Ôa.¯ii> fem. a picnic.

wjj6 /uÔ.Ô\Î/ <u.ÔÔ\.Î\> adj. barren

(land)

w5m8u& /u.ˇ˙\m.¯u~/ <u.ˇh\.m\.¯u~> neut.

a ritual performed after death.

w5vu& /uˇ˙.vu~/ <u.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. . to get

up.

w5a6vu& /u.ˇ˙aÎ.vu~/ <u.ˇha.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .

to wake up.

w5a&trI /u.ˇ˙a~n.t\.ri/ <u.ˇha~.t\.rii> fem. .

a theft.

w6aw /u.Îa.u/ <u.Îa.u> adj. .

extravagant.

w6avvu& /u.Îav.vu~/ <u.Îa.v\.vu~> v.tr. . to

make something fly.

w6avvu& /u.Îav.vu~/ <u.Îa.v\.Îa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. . to use up.

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

unload. See wtrvu&

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

make a copy.

wtaru& /u.ta.ru~/ <u.ta.ru~> masc. . a

passenger.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. an

inn. 2. a lodging house.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. a

copy. 2. a transcript.

wtavX /u.ta.v\Æ/ <u.ta.v\.Æ\> fem. .

haste.

w]am /ut.t\m/ <u.tt\.m\> adj. . the best.

w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. . an

answer.

w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. the North.

w]aejk /ut.te.Ô\k/ adj. . stimulating.

wTpi]a /ut.p\t.ti/ <u.tte.Ô\.k\> fem. .

production.

wTpadk /ut.pa.d\k/ <u.tpa.d\.k\> masc.

1. a producer. 2. a manufacturer.

wTpadn /ut.pa.d\n/ <u.tpa.d\.n\> neut. .

an act of producing.

wTsv /ut.s\v/ <u.ts\.v\> masc. . a

festival.

wTsah /ut.sah/ <u.tsa.h\> masc. .1.

enthusiasm. 2. zeal.

w9lavvu& /ut˙.lav.vu~/ <u.th\.la.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to depose. 2. to over turn. See

w9lvu&

wdar /u.dar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . generous.

wdas /u.das/ <u.da.s\> adj.

.1.unconcerned. 2. dejected.

wdahr8 /u.da.h\.r\¯/ <u.da.h\.r\.¯\>

neut. 1. an example. 2. an illustration.

wd\3a4n /ud.g˙a.ˇ\n/ <u.d.gha.ˇ\.n\>

neut. . an inauguration.

w¥e= /ud.de.ß\/ <u.dde.ß\> masc. . an

intention.

w)0ar /ud˙.d˙a.r\/ <u.dhdha.r\> masc. .

salvation.

wd\-v /ud.b˙\.v\/ <u.d.bh\.v\> masc.

.1. birth. 2. creation.

wd\yog /ud.jo.g\/ <u.djo.g\> masc. .1. a

vocation. 2. an industry.

w0rs /ud˙.r\s/ <u.dh\.r\.s\> fem. .

cough.

w0ar /u.d˙ar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . given or

taken on credit.

wnaXu& /u.na.Æu~/ <u.na.Æu~> adj. .

pertaining to summer.

wnaXo /u.na.Æo/ <u.na.Æo> masc. .

summer.

wpkar /up.kar/ <u.p\.ka.r\> masc. . an

obligation.

wpcar /up.car/ <u.p\.ca.r\> masc. .1. a

remedy. 2. cure.

w pjvu& /u.p\Ô.vu~/ <u.p\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.

.to grow

wpjavvu& /up.Ôav.vu~/ <u.p\.Ôa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to reproduce.

wpde= /up.deß/ <u.p\.de.ß\> masc. .

preaching.

wpngr /up.n\.g\r/ <u.p\.n\.g\.r\>

neut. . a suburb.

wpnam /up.nam/ <u.p\.na.m\> neut. . a

nickname.

wpyog /up.jog/ <u.p\.jo.g\> masc. . use.

wpr /u.p\r/ <u.p\.r\> postp. 1. above.

2. on. 3. over something.

wpra&t /up.ra~t/ <u.p\.ra~.t\> advb. .1.

additionally. 2. besides.

wprI /up.ri/ <u.p\.rii> masc. . a superior

officier.

wpvas /up.vas/ <u.p\.va.s\> masc. . a

fasting.

wps&har /up.sam.har/ <u.p\.s\~.ha.r\>

masc. a summary.

wpa6 /u.paÎ/ <u.pa.Î\> masc. .

withdrawal of money.

wpa6vu& /u.paÎ.vu~/ <u.pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. . to

lift.

wpay /u.paj/ <u.pa.j\> masc. . a cure.

wmda /um.da/ adj. . <u.m\.da> 1. best.

2. excellent.

wmr /u.m\r/ <u.m\.r\> fem. . age.

wmXko /u.m\Æ.ko/ <u.m\.Æ\.ko> masc. .

an outburst of warm feeling.

wm&g /u.m\˜.g\/ <u.m\~.g\> masc. zeal.

wmervu& /u.mer.vu~/ <u.me.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

add.

wmero /u.me.ro/ <u.me.ro> masc. . an

addition.

wl4avvu& /ul.ˇav.vu~/ <u.l\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. .

to turn up side down.

wlecvu& /u.lec.vu~/ <u.le.c\.vu~> v.tr. . to

raise up water.

wLle` /ul.lek˙/ <u.lle.kh\.vu~> masc. . a

mention.

w+kervu& /uß.ker.vu~/ <u.ßke.r\.vu~> v.tr. .

to instigate.

w&dr /un.d\r/ masc. .<u~.d\.r\> 1. a rat.

2. a mouse.

w&bro /um.b\.ro/ <u~.b\.ro> masc. the

threshold of a door.

WkXvu& /u.k\.vu~/ <uu.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .

to boil.

WkaXvu& /u.ka.Æ\.vu~/ <u.ka.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

.to boil.

W`6vu& /u.k˙\Î.vu~/ <uu.kh\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. . to be ripped off.

W`a6vu& /u.k˙aÎ.vu~/ <uu.k˙a.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to tear off, 2. to dismember.

Wgrvu& /u.g\r.vu~/ <uu.g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .

to escape.

Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . to

grow.

Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . to

rise.

Wckvu& /u.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to life. 2. to raise.

W2rvu& /u.c˙\r.vu~/ <uu.ch\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

. to be brought up.

Wjvvu& /u.Ô\v.vu~/ <uu.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tra.

.to celebrate.

WjXu& /uÔ.Æu~/ <uu.Ô\.Æu~> adj. .1. bright. 2.

shining.

W5vu& /uˇ˙.vu~/ <uu.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. . to

stand up.

W6vu& /uÎ.vu~/ <uu.Î\.vu~> v.intr. . to fly.

W8p /u.¯\p/ <uu.¯\.p\> fem. .a

deficiency.

Wtrvu& /u.t\r.vu~/ <uu.t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .

to climb down.

W9lvu& /u.t˙\l.vu~/ <uu.th\.l\.vu~> v.intr. .

to be up-side-down.

W9lo /u.t˙.lo/ <uu.th\.lo> masc. .1. an

upset. 2. an overturning.

W0; /u.d˙\.i/ <uu.dh\.ii> fem. . a white

ant.

Wn /un/ <uu.n\> neut. . wool.

Wpj /u.p\Ô/ <uu.p\.Ô\> fem. .1. a farm

product. 2. an income.

Wp6vu& /u.p\Î.vu~/ <uu.p\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to be lifted. 2. to set out a journey.

W-aW- /u.b˙a.ub˙/ <uu.bha.uu.bh\>

advb.

hurriedly.

W-u& /u.b˙u~/ <uu.bhu~> adj. . standing

upright.

Wl4I /ul.ti/ <uu.l\.ˇii> fem. . vomiting.

Wl4u& /ul.ˇu~/ <uu.l\.ˇu~> adj. .1. opposite.

2. contrary.

WlXvu& /u.l\Æ.vu~/ <uu.l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .

to be bumped.

Whapoh /u.ha.poh/ <uu.ha.po.h\> masc.

. uproar.

W&3 /u~˜.g\/ <uu~.gh\> fem. . sleep.

W&ckvu& /u~.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr.

.to lift up.

W&ca; /u~.cai/ <uu~.ca.ii> fem. . height.

W&cu& /u~.cu~/ <uu~.cu~> adj. . high.

W&4 /u~ˇ/ <uu~.ˇ\> neut. . a camel..

W&6a; /un.Îa.i/ <uu~.Îa.ii> fem. . depth.

W&6u& /u~¯.Îu~/ <uu~.Îu~> adj. . deep.

W&0Iyu& /u~n.d˙i.ju~/ <uu~.dhii.ju~> neut. . a

food made of vegetables, various types

of beans, roots and etc. Popular in South

Gujarat.

W&0u& /u~n.d˙u~/ <uu.dhu~> adj. . bottom

upward.

¢ju /ru.Ôu/ adj. . <ru≤.Ôu> 1.soft. 2.

gentle.

¢8 /ru¯/ <ru≤.¯\> neut. . a debt.

¢tu /ru.tu/ <ru≤.tu> fem. . a season.

¢iq /ru.ßi/ <ru≤.s°i> masc. . a sage.

Ae /e/ <e> adj. .that.

Aek /ek/ <e.k\> adj. .one.1.

Aek4a8u& /ek.ˇa.¯u~/ <e.k\.ˇa.¯u~> neut. . a

kind of fasting in which a person eats

only once a day.

Aek6o /ek.Îo/ <e.k\.Îo> masc. . the sign

of number 1.

Aekta /ek.ta/ <e.k\.ta> fem. . unity.

AektaXIs /ek.ta.Æis/ <e.k\.ta.Æi.s\> adj. .

forty one.

Aek{aIs /e.k\.tris/ <e.k\.trii.s\> adj. .

thirty one.

Aekdm /ek.d\m/ <e.k\.d\.m\> advb. . at

once.

Aek0aru& /ek.d˙a.ru~/ <e.k.dha.ru~> adj. .1.

constant. 2. incessant.

AekpxI /ek.p\.kßi/ <e.k\.p\.kßii> adj. .

one sided.

AekpiTn]v /ek.p\t.nit.v\/

<e.k\.p\.tni.ttv\> neut. monogamy.

Aekm /e.k\m/ <e.k\.m\> fem. . fist day

of bright or dark half of Hindu month.

Aekma{a /ek.mat.r\/ <e.k\.ma.tr\> adj. .

the only one of a type.

Aekmek /ek.mek/ <e.k\.me.k\> advb. .

mutually.

Aekrag /ek.rag/ masc. . <e.k\.ra.g\> 1.

unity. 2. harmony.

Aek£p /ek.rup/ <e.k\.ruu.p\> adj. . of

similar form.

Aekl dokl /e.k\l do.k\l/

<e.k\.l\.do.k\.l\> adj. . lonely.

Aeklpe4u& /e.k\l.pe.ˇu~/ <e.k\.l\./pe.ˇu~>

adj. . selfish.

Aeklvayu& /e.k\l.va.ju~/ <e.k\.l\.va.ju~> adj.

. lonely.

Aekvgu& /ek.v\.gu~/ <e.k\.v\.gu~> adj. . all

together.

Aekvcn /ek.v\.c\n/ <e.k\.v.c\.n\> neut.

. singular.

AekvIs /ek.vis/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . twenty

one.

Aeks5 /ek.s\ˇ˙/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . sixty

one.

Aeksr`u& /ek.s\r.k˙u~/ <e.k\.s\.r\.khu~>

adj. . uniform.

Aek&dr /ekn.d\r/ <e.k\~.d\.r\> advb. .

totally.

AekaAek /e.ka.ek/ <e.ka.e.k\> advb. .

suddenly.

Aeka8u& /e.ka.¯u~/ <e.ka.¯u~> adj. . ninety

one.

Aekad=I /e.ka.d\.ßi/ <e.ka.d\.ßii> fem. .

the eleventh day of dark or bright half of

a Hindu month.

Aeka=I /e.ka.ßi/ <e.ka.ßii> adj. . eighty

one.

Aeka&kI /e.ka~.ki/ <e.ka~.kii> adj. . one act

play.

Aeka&t /e.ka~n.t\/ <e.ka~.t\> neut. . lonely.

AekI sa9e /e.ki sa.t˙e/ <e.kii.sa.the> advb.

. all at atime.

Aekek /ek.kek/ <e.ke.k\> advb. . one by

one.

Aekotr /e.ko.t\r/ <e.ko.t\.r\> adj. .

seventy one.

Aekya=I /e.kja.ßi/ <e.kja.ßi> adj. . eighty

one.

Ae4le /eˇ.le/ <e.ˇ\.le> advb. . therefore.

Ae5u& /´.ˇ˙u~/ <e.thu~> neut. . the left over

food.

Ae6I /e.Îi/ <e.Îii> fem. . heel.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> fem. . cardamom.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> masc. . an

ambassador. (honorific)

Aev6u& /ev.Îu~/ <e.v\.Îu~> advb. . of that

size.

Aevu& /e.vu~/ <e.vu~> advb. . of that

manner.

Aevama& /e.va.ma~/ <e.va.ma~> advb. . in

the mean time.

Ae= /´ß/ <e.ß\> masc. .enjoyment.

AEravt /\i.ra.v\t/ <\i.ra.v\.t\> masc. .

Indra’s elephant (with seven trunks).

AE¼yR /\i.ßv\.rj\/ <\i.ßv\.rj\> neut.

godliness.

Aog8calIs /o.g\¯.ca.lis/

<o.g\.¯\.ca.lii.s\> adj. . thirty nine.

Aog8{aIs /o.g\¯.tris/ <o.g\.¯\.tri.s\>

adj.

.twenty nine.

Aog8pcas /o.g\¯.p\.cas/

<o.g\.¯\.p›.ca.s\> adj. .forty nine.

Aog8sa;5 /o.g\¯. sa.iˇ˙/

<o.g\.¯\.sa.i.ˇh\> adj. .fifty nine.

Aog*yaAe&=I./og.¯ja. ´~ßi/ <o.g\.¯ja.e.ßii>

adj.

seventy nine.

Aog8Is /og.¯is/ <o.g\.¯i.s\> adj.

.nineteen.

AoXgvu& /ø.g\Æ.vu~/ <o.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr ..to

melt.

AoicNtu& /ø.cin.tu~/ <o.ci.ntu~> advb. .

suddenly.

AoC2v /oc.c˙\v/ <o.cch\.v\> masc. . a

festival.

Ao2abolu& /o.c˙a.bo.lu~/ <o.cha.bo.lu~> adj.

. reserved.

Ao2u& /o.c˙u~/ <o.chu~> adj. . less than

necessary.

Aojar /o.Ôar/ <o.Ôa.r\> neut. . an

instrument.

Ao4 /oˇ/ <o.ˇ\> masc. . an ebb.

Ao4lo /oˇ.lo/ <o.ˇ\.lo> masc. . a raised

platform adjoining the outer wall of a

building.

Ao4vu& /oˇ.vu~/ <o.ˇ\.vu~> v.tran.. to hem.

Ao7vu& /oÎ˙.vu~/ <o.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

wrap over the body. 2. to wear a sari.

Aor6o /or.Îo/ <o.r\.Îo> masc. . a room.

Aorvu& /or.vu~/ <o.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to sow

seeds.

AorI /o.ri/ <o.rii> fem. .1. small-pox 2.

measles.

Aolvvu& /o.l\v.vu~/ <o.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr. . to

extinguish.

AosrI /os.ri/ <o.s\.rii> fem. . the front

open part of a house.

Ao=Iku& /o.ßi.ku~/ <o.ßii.ku~> neut. . a

pillow.

AoX` /o.Æ\k˙/ <o.Æ\.kh\> fem. . idenitity.

AoXvu& /oÆ.vu~/ <o.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. . to comb

(hair).

AoX&gvu& /o.Æ\˜.g\.vu~/ <o.Æ\~.g\.vu~> v.tr. .

to cross over.

AOicTy /\u.ci.tj\/ <au.ci.tj\> adj. .

appropriateness.

AOdICy /\u.diŠ.cj\/ <\u.dii.cj\> masc. . a

sub-caste of Brahmin

AOpcarRIk /\up.ca.rik/ <\u.p\.ca.rii.k\>

adj. . formal.

AOq0 /\u.ß\d˙/ <\u.s°\.dh\> neut. a

medicine.

Aod\yoigk /\u.djo.gik/ <\u.djo.gi.k\>

adj. . industial.

kk\ko /k\k.ko/ <k\.kko> masc. .

alphabet.

kckc /k\c. k\c/ <k\.c\.k\.c\> fem. .1. a

boring talk. 2. a quarrel.

kc6vu& /k\.c\Î.vu~/ <k\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

trample.

kcrape4I /k\c.ra pe.ˇi/ <k\.c\.ra.pe.ˇii>

fem. a dust bin.

kcro /k\c.ro/ <k\.c\.ro> masc. .

garbage.

kcva4 /k\c.vaˇ/ <k\.c\.va.ˇ\> masc. .1.

grumbling. 2. dissatisfaction.

kca= /k\.caß/ <k\.ca.ß\> fem.

1.unripenness. 2. imperfection. 3.

deficiency.

kcu&br /k\.cum.b\r/ <k\.cu~,b\.r\> neut.

raw vegetables cut into pieces.

kcorI /k\.co.ri/ <k\.co.rii> fem. . a type

of food.

kijya`or /k\.Ôi.ja.k˙or/ <k\.Ôi.ja.kho.r\>

adj. quarrelsome.

kjo6u& /k\.Ôo.Îu~/ <k\.Ôo.Îu~> neut. . an

unfit match.

k4ko /k\ˇ.ko/ <k\.ˇ\.ko> masc. . a piece.

k4ok4I /k\.ˇo.k\.ˇi/ <k\.ˇo.k\.ˇii> fem. . a

crisis.

k4oro /k\.ˇo.ro/ <k\.ˇo.ro> masc. . a

bowl.

k58 /k\.ˇ˙\¯/ <k\.ˇh\.¯\> adj. . hard.

k5In /k\.ˇ˙in/ <k\.ˇhii.n\> adj. .

difficult.

ki5yaro /k\.ˇ˙i.ja.ro/ <k\.ˇhi.ja.ro> masc.

.a woodcutter.

k5e6o /k\.ˇ˙e.Îo/ <k\.ˇhe.Îo> masc. . a

railing.

k5or /k\.ˇ˙or/ <k\.ˇho.r\> adj. . harsh.

k5oX /k\.ˇ˙oÆ/ <k\.ˇho.Æ\> neut. . pulses.

k6ko /k\Î.ko/ <k\.Î\.ko> masc. .1.a

piece

2. penniless.

k6vu& /k\Î.vu~/ <k\.Î\.vu~> adj. . bitter in

taste.

k6akU4 /k\.Îa.kuˇ/ <k\.Îa.kuu.ˇ\> fem. .

unnecessary botheration.

k6Iyo /k\.Îi.jo/ <k\.Îii.jo> masc. .1. a

mason 2. a brick-layer

k6I /k\.Îi/ <k\.Îii> fem. .1. a hook 2. an

earring.

k6u& /k\.Îu~/ <k\.Îu~> neut. . an armlet.

k7&gu& /k\.Î˙\˜.gu/ <k\.Îh\~.gu~> adj. .1.

clumsy 2. awkward in shape.

k7I /k\.Î˙i/ <k\.Îhii> fem. .a food item.

k8 /k\¯/ <k\.¯\> masc. a grain.

k8svu& /k\.¯\s.vu~/ <k\.¯\.s\.vu~> v.intr.

. to groan.

k9Xvu& /k\.t˙\Æ.vu~/ <k\.th\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

.to deteriorate.

k9a /k\.t˙a/ <k\.tha> fem. . a stroy.

k9akar /k\.t˙a.kar/ <k\.tha.ka.r\> masc.

. a story teller.

kd /k\d/ <k\.d\> neut. . size.

kd£pu& /k\d.ru.pu~/ <k\.d\.ruu.pu~> adj. .

ugly.

kdavr /k\.da.v\r/ <k\.da.v\.r\> adj.

.huge.

kn6gt /k\.n\Î.g\t/ <k\.n\.Î\.g\.t\>

fem. . harassment.

kNya /k\n.ja/ <k\.nja> fem. .1. an

unmarried girl. 2. Virgo.

kp4 /k\.p\ˇ/ <k\.p\.ˇ\> neut. . deceit.

kp6a&l]aa& /k\p.Îa~.l\t.ta~/ <k\.p\.Îa~.l\.tta~>

neut. pl.. clothes.

kp6u& /k\p.Îu~/ <k\.p\.Îu~> neut. . cloth.

kpru& /k\p.ru~/ <k\.p\.ru~> adj. . tough.

kpaX /k\.pa/ <k\.pa.Æ\> neut. . the

forehead.

kpas /k\.pas/ <k\.pa.s\> masc. . a

cotton plant.

kpoX /k\.poÆ/ <k\.po.Æ\> adj. . a sub

caste in Bania community.

kf /k\p˙/ <k\.ph\> masc. .cough.

kb@yat /k\.b\.Ôi.jat/ <k\.b\.Ôii.ja.t\>

masc.

constipation.

kbjo /k\b.Ôo/ <k\.b\.Ôo> masc. . a

blouse.

kbr /k\.b\r/ <k\.b\.r\> fem. . a grave.

kba4 /k\.baˇ/ neut. . a cup-board.

kbUtr /k\.bu.t\r/ <k\.buu.t\.r\> neut. .

a pigeon.

kmnsIb /k\m.n\.sib/ <k\.m\.n\.sii.b\>

adj. . unfortunate.

kmr /k\.m\r/ <k\.m\.r\> fem. . a waist.

kmX /k\.m\Æ/ <k\.m\.Æ\> neut. . a lotus.

kmXo /k\m.Æo/ <k\.m\.Æo> masc. .

jaundice.

kma; /k\.ma.i/ <k\.ma.ii> fem. .

earnings.

kmavu& /l\.ma.vu~/ <k\.ma.vu~> v.intr. . to

earn.

kmurt /k\.mu.r\t/ <k\.mu.r\.t\> neut.

inauspicious time or hour.

kmot /k\.mot/ <k\.mo.t\> neut. .

unnatural death.

kmosm /k\.mo.s\m/ <k\.mo.s\.m\>

fem. .1. bad weather. 2. untimely.

krksr /k\r.k\.s\r/ <k\.r\.k\.s\.r\> fem.

. economy.

krgrvu& /k\r.g\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.g\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. . to request humbly.

krclo /k\.r\c.lo/ <k\.r\.c\.lo> masc. . a

crab.

krj /k\.r\Ô/ <k\.r\.Ô\> neut. . a debt.

krmavu& /k\r.ma.vu~/ <k\.r\.ma.vu~>

v.intr..to wither.

krvu& /k\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to do.

kra /k\.ra/ <k\.ra> masc. pl..1. hail-

stones.

krar /k\.rar/ <k\.ra.r\> masc. . a written

agreement.

kirya8u& /k\.ri.ja.¯u~/ <k\.ri.ja.¯u~> neut. .

grocery.

kiryavr /k\.ri.ja.v\r/ <k\.ri.ja.v\.r\>

neut. . a bride’s father’s gift to

bridegroom and his relatives.

kru8 /k\.ru¯/ <k\.ru.¯\> adj. .1.

pathetic 2. tragic.

kru8a /k\.ru.¯a/ <k\.ru.¯a> fem. .

kindness.

k£p /k\.rup/ <k\.ruu.p\> adj. . ugly.

kro6 /k\.roÎ/ <k\.ro.Î\> adj. . ten

millions.

kro6 /k\.roÎ/ <k\.ro.Î\> fem. . a spine.

kro6rjju /k\.roÎ.r\Ô.Ôu/ <k\.ro.Î\.r\.ÔÔu>

fem. . the spinal cord.

kroiXyo /k\.ro.Æi.jo/ <k\.ro.Æi.jo> masc. .

a spider.

kl&k /k\.l\nk/ <k\.l\~.k\> neut. .1. a blot

2. a blemish.

kla /k\.la/ <k\.la> fem. . art.

klak /k\.lak/ <k\.la.k\> masc. . an hour.

klakar /k\.la.kar/ <k\.la.ka.r\> masc. .

an artist.

kLpna /k\l.p\.na/ <k\.lp\.na> fem. .

imagination.

kLpvu& /k\l.p\.vu~/ <k\.lp\.vu~> v.tr. . to

imagine.

kLya8 /k\l.ja.¯\/ <k\.lja.¯\> neut. .

well-being.

kviy{aI /k\.v\.ji.tri/ <k\.v\ji.tri> fem. .a

female poet.

kiv /k\.vi/ masc. . <k\.vi> a male poet.

k=u& /k\.ßu~/ <k\.ßu~> adj. . whatever

thing.

k=u&k /k\.ßu~k/ <k\.ßu~.k\> adj. .

something.

ksrt /k\s.r\t/ <k\.s\.r\.t\> fem. . an

exercise.

ksa; /k\.sai/ <k\.sa.ii> masc. . a

butcher.

kso4I /k\.so.ˇi/ <k\.so.ˇii> fem. . a test.

khe8 /k\.he¯/ <k\.he.¯\> neut. . a

message.

khevt /k\.he.v\t/ <k\.he.v\.t\> fem. . a

proverb.

khevu& /k\.he.vu~/ <k\.he.vu~> v.tr. . to say.

k¬agru& /k\h.ja.g\.ru~/ <k\.hja.g\.ru~>

adj. . obedient.

kXtr /k\Æ.t\r/ <k\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. . a

kind of body pain.

kXI /k\.Æi/ <k\.Æii> fem. . a bud.

k;& /k\.i~/ <k\.ii~> advb. .1. where? 2.

some.

k;&k /k\.i~k/ <k\.ii~.k\> advb. .

something.

k&kav4I /k\n.ka.vaˇi/ <k\~.ka.v\.ˇii> fem. .

a small bowl to keep k&ku>

k&ku /k\n.ku/ <k\~.ku> neut. . a red

powder/ paste used in rituals and certain

social customs such as putting bindi on

the forehead.

k&kotrI /k\.nko.t\.ri/ <k\~.ko.t\.rii> fem. .

an invitation letter.

k&jUs /k\n.Ôus/ <k\~.Ôu.s\> adj. . miserly.

k&4aXvu& /k\n.ˇaÆ.vu~/ <k\~.ˇa.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .

to be bored.

k&4aXo /k\n.ˇa.Æo/ <k\~.ˇa.Æo> masc. .

medium.

k&5 /k\¯t˙/ <k\~.ˇh\> masc. .1. the throat

2. a vocal tune.

k&5I /k\¯.ˇ˙i/ <k\~.ˇhii> fem. . a kind of

necklace.

k&do; /k\n.doi/ masc. . a confectioner.

k&doro /k\n.do.ro/ <k\~.do.ro> masc. . a

waist-band.

k&parI /k\m.pa.ri/ <k\~.pa.rii> fem. . a

shivering.

k&pvu& /k\mp.vu~/ <k\~.p\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

shiver 2. to tremble.

k&sar /k\m.sar/ <k\~.sa.r\> masc. .a

sweet.

kak6I /kak.Îi/ <ka.k\.Îii> fem. .

cucumber.

kaka /ka.ka/ <ka.ka> masc. hon..

paternal uncle.

kaka@ /ka.ka.Ôi/ <ka.ka.Ôii> masc. . a

brother of the father-in-law.

kakI /ka.ki/ <ka.kii> fem. . a paternal

uncle’s wife.

kakI@ /ka.ki.Ôi/ <ka.ka.Ôii> fem. . the

wife of the brother of the father-in-law.

kag6o /kag.Îo/ <ka.g\.Îo> masc. . a

crow.

kagX /ka.g\Æ/ <ka.g\.Æ\> masc. .1. paper

2. a letter.

kagaroX /ka.ga.roÆ/ <ka.ga.ro.Æ\> fem. .

rowdism.

kac /kac/ <ka.c\> masc. .1. glass 2.

mirror.

kacbo /kac.bo/ <ka.c\.bo> masc. . a

tortoise.

kaic&6o /ka.ci¯.Îo/ <ka.c\~.Îo> masc. . a

chameleon.

kacu& /ka.cu~/ <ka.cu~> adj. .1.unripe 2.

raw.

kajX /ka.Ô\Æ/ <ka.Ô\.Æ\> neut. .eye-salve.

kaju /ka.Ôu/ <ka.Ôu> neut. . a cashew-nut.

ka4 /kaˇ/ <ka.ˇ\> masc. . rust.

ka7vu& /kaÎ˙.vu~/ <ka.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. . to

take out.

ka8u& /ka.¯u~/ <ka.¯u~> adj. .1. a hole, 2.

one-eyed.

katr /ka.t\r/ <ka.t\.r\> fem. . scissors.

katrvu& /ka.t\r.vu~/ <ka.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

cut with scissors.

katrI /kat.ri/ <ka.t\.rii> fem. .a wafer-

thin slice.

kadv /ka.d\v/ <ka.d\.v\> masc. . mud.

kan /kan/ <ka.n\> masc. . an ear.

kap /kap/ <ka.n\> masc. . reduction.

kap6 /ka.p\Î/ <ka.p\.Î\> neut. . cloth.

kaplI /kap.li/ <ka.p\.lii> fem. . a

clipping of a paper.

kapvu& /kap.vu~/ <ka.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to cut.

kapo /ka.po/ <ka.po> masc. .1.a cut. 2 a

mark made by cutting.

kabr /ka.b\r/ <ka.b\.r\> neut. . a kind

of bird.

kabU /ka.bu/ <ka.buu> masc. . control.

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> neut. . work

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> masc. . sexual

desire.

kamclaw& /kam.c\.lau~/ adj. .tentative.

kamcor /kam.cor/ <ka.m\.co.r\> adj. .

not inclined to work.

kamdar /kam.dar/ <ka.m\.da.r\> masc. .

a manual worker.

kamdev /kam.dev/ <ka.m\.de.v\> masc. .

ther god of love.

kam0&0o /ka.d˙n.d˙o/ <ka.m\.dh\~.dho>

masc. .1. business 2. profession.

kaydo /kaj.do/ <ka.j\.do> masc. . a law.

kaym /ka.j\m/ <ka.j\.m\> adj. . forever.

karkun /kar.kun/ <ka.r\.ku.n\> masc. . a

clerk.

kar`anu& /kar.k˙a.nu~/ <ka.r\.kha.nu~>

neut. . a factory.

kar8 /ka.r\¯/ <ka.r\.¯\> neut. .1. a

reason 2. a cause.

kartk /kar.t\k/ <ka.r\.t\.k\> masc. . the

first month of Hindu year.

kartUs /kar.tus/ <ka.r\.tu.s\> neut. . a

cartridge.

kar-ar /kar.b˙ar/ <ka.r\.bha.r\> masc. .

management.

kal /kal/ <ka.l\> fem. .1.tomrrow 2.

yesterday.

kavtru& /ka.v\t.ru~/ <ka.v\.t\.ru~> neut. .

fraud.

kaVy /kav.j\/ <ka.vj\> neut. . a poem.

kaX@ /kaÆ.Ôi/ <ka.Æ\.Ôii> fem. . care.

kaXju& /kaÆ.Ôu~/ <ka.Æ\.Ôuu> neut. .1.the

lever.

kaXu& /la.Æu~/ <ka.Æu~> adj. . black.

kaXotrI /ka.Æo.t\.ri/ <ka.Æo.t\.rii> fem. . a

letter containg someone’s death’s

message.

ka&krI /ka~k.ri/ <ka~.k\.rii> fem. . a smll

pebble.

ka&kro /ka~k.ro/ <ka~.k\.ro> masc. . a

pebble.

ka&4aXu& /ka~.ˇa.Æu~/ <ka~.ˇa.Æu~> adj. . throny.

ka&4o /ka~.ˇo/ <ka~.ˇo> masc. . a thorn.

ka&4o /ka~.ˇo/ <ka~.ˇo> masc. . a weighing

machine.

ka&5o /ka~.ˇ˙o/ <ka~.ˇho> masc. .1. a bank 2.

a shore 3 a coast.

ka&6u& /ka~¯.Îu~/ <ka~.Îu~> neut. . a wrist.

ka&do /ka¯.do/ <ka~.do> masc. . onion.

ka&0 /ka~n.d˙\/ <ka~.dh\> fem. . one of the

shoulders.

ka&skI /ka~s.ki/ <ka~.s\.kii> fem. . a small

comb mainly for women.

ka&sko /ka~s.ko/ <ka~.s\.ko> masc. . a

comb.

ikLlo /kil.lo/ <ki.llo> masc. . a fortress.

ik=or /ki.ßor/ <ki.ßo.r\> masc. . a minor

boy.

ik=orI /ki.ßo.ri/ <ki.ßo.rii> fem. . a minor

girl.

kI4lI /kiˇ.li/ <kii.ˇ\.lii> fem. . a kettle.

kI6I. /ki.Îi/ <kii.Îii> fem. . an ant.

kI6o /ki.Îo/ <kii.Îo> masc. . an insect.

kImt /ki.m\t/ <kii.m\.t\> fem. . price.

kIitR /kir.ti/ <kii.rti> fem. . fame.

ku4u&b /ku.ˇum.b\/ <ku.ˇu~.b\> neut. . a

family.

ku4ev /ku.ˇev/ <ku.ˇe.v\> fem. . a bad

habit.

kutUhl /ku.tu.h\l/ <ku.tu.h\.l\> neut.

curiosity.

kudrt /kud.r\t/ <ku.d\.r\.t\> fem. .

nature.

kUXdev /kuÆ.dev/ <ku.Æ\.de.v\> masc. . a

family deity.

kuStI /kus.ti/ <ku.stii> fem. . wrestling.

kuseva /ku.se.va/ <ku.se.vaa> fem. . a

disservice.

kuha6I /ku.ha.Îi/ <ku.ha.Îii> fem. . a

small axe.

kuha6o /ku.ha.Îo/ <ku.ha.Îio> masc. . an

axe.

ku&6X /ku¯.Î\Æ/ <ku~.Î\.Æ\> masc. a kind

of ear ring.

ku&-ar /kum.b˙ar/ <ku~.bha.r\> masc. . a

potter.

ku&varu& /ku~.va.ru~/ <ku~.vaa.ru~> adj. .

unmarried.

kUk6o /kuk.Îo/ <kuu.k\.Îo> masc. . a

cock.

kUk6I /kuk.Îi/ <kuu.k\.Îii> fem. . a hen.

kUtrI /kut.ri/ <kuu.t\.rii> fem. . a female

dog.

kUtru& /kut.ru~/ <kuu.t\.ru~> neut. . a dog.

kUtro /kut.ro/ <kuu.t\.ro> masc. . a male

dog.

kU9lI /kut˙.li/ <ku.th\.lii> fem. . scandal.

kUdvu& /kud.vu~/ <ku.d\.vu~> v.intr. . to

jump.

kudavvu& /ku.dav.vu~/ <ku.da.v\.vu~> v.tr.

see kuda6vu.

kUvo /ku.vo/ <ku.vo> masc. . a water-

well.

kU&cI /ku~.ci/ <ku~.cii> fem. .1. a key 2. a

clue.

kU&pX /ku.mp\Æ/ <kuu~.p\.Æ\> fem. . a

sprout.

ke4lu& /keˇ.lu~/ <ke.ˇ\.lu~> adj. . how much.

ke6 /k´Î/ <ke.Î\> fem. .a waist.

ked /k´d/ <ke.d\> fem. . a prison.

kem /k´m/ <ke.m\> advb. .why.

kedI /k´.di/ <ke.dii> masc. .a prisoner.

kerI /k´.ri/ <ke.rii> fem. .a mango.

kev6u& /kev.Îu~/ <ke.v\.Îu~> adj. .how big

kevu& /ke.vu~/ <ke.vu~> adj. .of what kind.

kesr /ke.s\r/ <ke.s\.r\> neut. .saffron.

kesrI /kes.ri/ <ke.s\.rii> adj. .saffron

colored.

keX /keÆ/ <ke.Æ\> fem. .a banana-tree.

keXv8I /ke.Æ\v.¯i/ <ke.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem. .1.

bringing up. 2. training.

keXvvu& /ke.Æ\v.vu~/ <ke.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to

bring up.

keXu& /ke.Æu~/ <ke.Æu~> neut. .a banana.

ko; /ko.i/ <ko.i> prono..someone.

kogXIyu& /kø.g\.Æi.ju~/ <ko.g\.Æii.ju~> neut.

cholera.

kogXo /køg.Æo/ <ko.g\.Æo> masc. .1. a

mouthful of liquid 2. a gargle.

ko5I /ko.ˇ˙i/ <ko.ˇhii> fem. .a large vessel

to stor grain.

ko6Iyu& /ko.Îi.ju~/ <ko.Îii.ju~> neut. .a kind

of earthern lamp.

ko7 /koÎ˙/ <ko.Îh\> masc. .leprosy.

ko8I /kø.¯i/ <ko.¯ii> fem. .an elbow.

kotrvu& /ko.t\r.vu~/ <ko.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to engrave 2. to carve.

ko9mIr /kot˙.mir/ <ko.th\.mii.r\> neut.

coriander.

ko9XI /kot˙.Æi/ <ko.th\.Æii> fem. .a purse

of cloth.

ko9Xo /koˇ˙.Æo/ <ko.th\.Æo> masc. .a

large beg of cloth.

kodaXI /ko.da.Æi/ <ko.da.Æii> fem. .1. a

hoe 2. a spade.

konu& /kø.nu~/ <ko.nu~> pron.. whose.

kopru& /kop.ru~/ <ko.p\.ru~> neut. .a kernel

of a coconut.

kom /kom/ <ko.m\> fem. .a caste-group.

komvad /kom.vad/ <ko.m\.va.d\> masc.

.1. communalism 2. castism.

korvu& /kor.vu~/ <ko.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to bore a

hole.

kolso /kol.so/ <ko.l\.so> masc. .coal.

kolahl /ko.la.h\l/ <ko.la.h\.l\> masc. .a

continuous loud noise.

koi== /ko.ßiß/ <ko.ßi.ß\> fem. .an effort.

kohvu& /koh.vu~/ <ko.h\.vu~> v.intr. .to rot.

koXI /ko.Æi/ <ko.Æii> fem. .a caste.

koXu& /ko.Æu~/ <ko.Æu~> neut. .a pumpkin.

kO4uiMbk /k\u.ˇum.bik/ <k\u.tu~.mbi.k\>

adj. pertaining to a family.

kO-a&6 /k\u.b˙a~nÎ/ <k\u.bha~.Î\> neut.

.a scandal.

kO&s /k\ums/ <k\u~.s\> masc. .a bracket.

Ex. [], {}, ( ).

kyare /kja.re/ <kja.re> advb. .when.

kya& /kja~/ <k\.ja~> advb. .where.

k/ur /kru.r\/ <kru.r\> adj. .cruel.

k/o0 /kro.d˙\/ <kro.dh\> masc. .anger.

``6vu& /k˙\.k˙\Î.vu~/ <kh\.kh\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. .to rattle.

``6avvu& /k˙\k˙.Îav.vu~/

<k˙\.k˙\.Îa.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to knock (on

a door etc.).

`ckavu& /k˙\c.ka.vu~/ <kh\.c\.ka.vu~>

v.intr. .to hesitate.

`ca`c /k˙\.ca.k˙\c/ <kh\.ca.kh\.c\>

advb. densely.

`Ccr /k˙\c.c\r/ <kh\.cc\.r\> neut. .a

mule.

`jancI /k˙\.Ôan.ci/ <kh\.Ôa.n\.cii>

masc. .a cashier.

`jano /k˙\.Ôa.no/ <kh\.Ôa.no> masc. .a

treasure.

`jUr /k˙\.Ôur/ <kh\.Ôu.r\> neut. .a date

fruit.

`jU.rI /k˙\.Ôu.ri/ <kh\.Ôu.rii> fem. .a date

tree.

`jUro /k˙\.Ôu.ro/ <kh\.Ôuu.ro> masc. .a

centipede.

`4kvu& /k˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <kh\.ˇ\.k\.vu~>

v.exp.. to repent.

`4p4 /k˙\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <kh\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> fem. .an

intrigue.

`4ml /k˙\ˇ.m\l/ <kh\.ˇ\.m\.l\> masc.

.a bug.

`4mI5u& /k˙\ˇ.mi.ˇ˙u~/ <kh\.ˇ\.mii.ˇhu~>

adj. sour and sweet.

`4rag /k˙\ˇ.rag/ <kh\.ˇ\.ra.g\> masc. .a

quarrel.

`4lo /k˙\ˇ.lo/ <kh\.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a law-

suit.

`4vvu& /k˙\.ˇ\v.vu~/ <kh\.ˇ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to make things sour.

`4aro /k˙\.ˇa.ro/ <kh\.ˇa.ro> masc. .a

motor truck.

`4u&b6u& /k˙\.ˇumb.Îu~/ <kh\.ˇu~.b\.Îu~>

adj. slightly sour.

`6k /k˙\.Î\k/ <kh\.Î\.k\> masc. .a

rock.

`6klo /k˙\.Î\k.lo/ <kh\.Î\.k\.lo>

masc. .a pile.

`6kI /k˙\Î.ki/ <kh\.Î\.kii> fem. .a lane.

`6tl /k˙\Î.t\l/ <kh\.Î\.t\.l\> adj. .a

strongly built.

`6bc6u& /k˙\Î.b\c.Îu~/

<kh\.Î\.b\.c\.Îu~> adj. .rough.

`6ecok /k˙\.Îe.cok/ <kh\.Îe.co.k\>

advb. publicly.

`8vu& /k˙\¯.vu~/ <kh\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to

scratch.

`tro /k˙\t.ro/ <kh\.t\.ro> masc.

.danger.

`tvvu& /k˙\.t\v.vu~/ <kh\.t\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to make an entry in a ledger.

`dbdvu& /k˙\d.b\d.vu~/

<kh\.d\.b\.d\.vu~> v.intr. .to boil with

a simmering sound.

`pvu& /k˙\p.vu~/ <kh\.p\.vu~> v.intr. .to

be sold.

`br /k˙\.b\r/ <kh\.b\.r\> fem. .news.

`-o /k˙\.b˙o/ <kh\.bho> masc. .the

shoulder.

`m8 /k˙\.m\¯/ <kh\.m\.¯\> neut. .a

food item.

`mvu& /k˙\m.vu~/ <kh\.m\.vu~> v.tr. .to

tolerate.

`mIs /k˙\.mis/ <kh\.mi.s\> neut. .a

shirt.

`rpvu& /k˙\.r\p.vu~/ <kh\.r\.p\.vu~> v.tr.

.to hoe.

`rvu& /k˙\r.vu~/ <kh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to

fall (fruit, leaves etc.)

`rab /k˙\.rab/ <kh\.ra.b\> adj. .bad.

`ru& /k˙\.ru~/ <kh\.ru~> adj. .correct.

`re`r /k˙\.re.k˙\r/ <kh\.re.kh\.r\>

advb. .1. truly 2. indeed.

`cR /k˙\r.c\/ <kh\.rc\> neut. . expense.

`las /k˙\.las/ <kh\.la.s\> adj. .1.

exhausted 2. the end.

`lasI /k˙\.la.si/ <kh\.la.sii> masc. .a

sailor.

`lel /k˙\.lel/ <kh\.le.l\> masc.

.disturbance.

`vas /k˙\.vas/ <kh\.va.s\> fem. .name

of a community.

`s /k˙\s/ <kh\.s\> fem. .scabies.

`s`s /k˙\s.k˙\s/ <kh\.s\.kh\.s\> fem.

.poppy seeds.

`se6vu& /k˙\.seÎ.vu~/ <kh\.se.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.to move.

`X`X /k˙\Æ. k˙\Æ/ <kh\.Æ\.kh\.Æ\> advb.

.the rippling sound of a water flow.

`&`ervu& /k˙\n.k˙er.vu~/ <kh\~.khe.r\.vu~>

v.tr. .to pluck down.

`&jrI /k˙\µ.Ô\.ri/ <kh\~.Ô\.rii> fem. .a

small tambourin.

`&jvaXvu& /k˙\µ.Ô\.vaÆ.vu~/

<kh\~.Ô\.va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to seratch.

`&6 /k˙\¯.Î\/ <kh\~.Î\> masc. .1. a part

2. a room. 3. a continent.

`&i6yer /k˙\¯.Îi.jer/ <kh\~.Îi.je.r\> neut.

.a ruin.

`a; /k˙a.i/ <kha.ii> fem. .1. a ditch 2. a

trench.

`aw0ru& /k˙a.u.d˙\.ru~/ <kha.u.dh\.ru~>

adj. . gluttonous.

`ajlI /k˙aÔ.li/ <kha.Ô\.lii> fem. .a food

item.

`aju /k˙a.Ôu/ <kha.Ôu> neut. .a food item.

`a4kI /k˙aˇ.ki/ <kha.ˇ\.kii> masc. .a

butcher.

`a4lo /k˙aˇ.lo/ <kha.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a cot.

`a4vu& /k˙aˇ.vu~/ <kha.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to be

benefited.

`a4u& /k˙a.ˇu~/ <kha.ˇu~> adj. .sour.

`a6I /k˙a.Îi/ <kha.Îii> fem. .a creek.

`a6o /k˙a.Îo/ <kha.Îo> masc. .a pit.

`a8 /k˙a¯/ <kha.¯\> fem. .a mine.

`ai8yo /k˙a.¯i.jo/ <kha.¯i.jo> masc. .a

miner.

`a8u& /k˙a.¯u~/ <kha.¯u~> neut. .a dinner.

`atmurt /k˙at.mu.r\t/ <kha.t\.mu.r\.t\>

neut. .a ceremony of laying a foundation.

`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> fem.

.hospitality.

`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut.

.fertilizer.

`atr /k˙a.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut. .house-

breaking (by theif)

`atrI/k˙at.ri/ <kha.t\.rii> fem. .trust.

`atavhI /k˙a.ta.v\.hi/ <kha.ta.v\.hii>

fem. a ledger.

`atu& /k˙a.tu~/ <kha.tu~> neut. .an account.

`a0a`orakI /k˙a.d˙a.kho.ra.ki/

<kha.dha.kho.ra.kii> fem. .1.

maintenance 2. livelihood.

`angI /k˙an.gi/ <kha.n\.kii> adj.

.secret.

`anu& /k˙a.nu~/ <kha.nu~> neut. .a drawer.

`aboicyu& /k˙a.bo.ci.ju~/ <kha.bo.ci.ju~>

neut. .a puddle.

`amI /k˙a.mi/ <kha.mii> fem. .a defect.

`aru& /k˙a.ru~/ <kha.ru~> adj. .salty.

`arek /k˙a.rek/ <kha.re.k\> fem. .a dry

date.

`al /k˙al/ <kha.l\> fem. .skin.

`alI /k˙a.li/ <kha.lii> adj. .1. empty 2.

poor 3. purposelessly.

`avu& /k˙a.vu~/ <kha.vu~> v.tr. .to eat.

`as /k˙as/ <kha.s\> adj. .1.special 2.

personal. Ex. Aa maro `as ma8s 2e.

`as /k˙as/ <kha.s\> advb. .specially.

Ex. hu& `as tmara 3er AavI=.

`aisyt /k˙a.si.j\t/ <kha.si.j\.t\> fem. .a

special quality.

`aX /k˙aÆ/ <kha.Æ\> fem. .a drain.

`a&co /k˙a~.co/ <kha~.co> masc. .1. a turn

2. a lane.

`a&6 /k˙a~Î/ <kha~.Î\> fem. .sugar.

`a&6vu& /k˙a~¯Î.vu~/ <kha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

pound.

`a&sI /k˙a~.si/ <kha~.sii> fem. .cough.

i`skolI /k˙is.ko.li/ <khi.s\.ko.lii> fem.

.a squirrel.

`Ic6I /k˙ic.Îi/ <khii.c\.Îii> fem. .a

food.

`Ico`Ic /k˙i.co.k˙ic/ <khii.co.khii.c\>

advb. densely.

`Ijvvu& /k˙i.Ô\v.vu~/ <khii.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to tease.

`I8 /k˙i¯/ <khii.¯\> fem. .1. a valley 2.

a rift.

`Ir /k˙ir/ <khii.r\> fem. .a food item.

`Il /k˙il/ <khii.l\> masc. .a pimple.

`Ilvu& /k˙il.vu~/ <khii.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to

blossom.

`ISsu& /k˙is.su~/ <khii.ssu~> neut. .a

pocket.

`ur=I /k˙ur.ßi/ <khu.r\.ßii> fem. .a chair.

`ulaso /k˙u.la.so/ <khu.la.so> masc. .a

clarification.

`uLlu& /k˙ul.lu~./ <khu.llu~> adj. .open.

`u= /k˙uß/ <khu.ß\> adj. .joyful.

`u=numa /k˙uß.nu.ma/ <khu.ß\.nu.ma>

adj. .pleasant (climate).

`u=amt /k˙u.ßa.m\t/ <khu.ßa.m\.t\>

fem..flattery.

`u=I /k˙u.ßi/ <khu.ßii> fem. .pleasure.

`UjlI /k˙uÔ.li/ <khu.Ô\.lii> fem. .itching

sensation.

`U4vu& /k˙uˇ.vu~/ <khu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

be used up 2. to run out.

`U8o /k˙u.¯o/ <khuu.¯o> masc. .1. an

angle 2. a corner.

`Un /k˙un/ <khuu.n\> neut. .1. blood 2.

murder.

`Ub /k˙ub/ <khu.b\> adj. .1. plentiful 2.

much.

`UbI /k˙u.bi/ <khu.bii> fem. peculiar

quality.

`Ulvu& /k˙ul.vu~/ <khuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to

open.

`U&cvvu& /k˙u~.c\v.vu~/ <khuu.c\.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .to snatch away.

`U&cvu& /k˙u~c.vu~/ <kh\.c\.vu~> v.intr. .to

prick.

`U&0 /k˙u~d˙/ <khuu~.dh\> fem. .a hump.

`e6vu& /k˙eÎ.vu~/ <khe.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

plow.

`e6Ut /k˙e.Îut/ <khe.Îuu.t\> masc. .a

farmer.

`etr /k˙e.t\r/ <khe.t\.r\> neut. .a farm.

`etI /k˙e.ti/ <khe.tii> fem. .farming.

`erat /k˙e.rat/ <khe.ra.t\> fem. .1. alms-

giving 2. charity.

`el /k˙el/ <khe.l\> masc. .1. a sport.2. a

show (of play, cinema etc.)

`elvu& /k˙el.vu~/ <khe.l\.vu~> v.intr. to

play.

`ela6I /k˙e.la.Îi/ <khe.la.Îii> masc. .a

player.

`evna /k˙ev.na/ <khe.v\.naa> fem. .care.

`e&ca8 /k˙´~.ca¯/ <khe~.ca.¯\> neut.

.attraction.

`o`ru& /k˙ok˙.ru~/ <kho.kh\.ru~> adj. .1.

dull 2. broken.

`o`u& /k˙o.k˙u~/ <kho.khu~> neut. .an

empty box.

`oja /k˙o.Ôa/ <kho.Ôa> masc. .a Muslim

caste.

`o4 /k˙oˇ/ <kho.ˇ\> fem. .loss.

`o4kavu& /k˙oˇ.ka.vu~/ <kho.ˇ\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to stop functioning.

`o4u& /k˙o.ˇu~/ <kho.ˇu~> adj. .1.wrong. 2.

false.

`o6 /k˙oÎ/ <kho.Î\> fem. .1. a defect 2.

a deficiency.

`o6vu& /k˙oÎ.vu~/ <kho.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

erect.

`otrvu& /k˙o.t\r.vu~/ <kho.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to scratch 2. to dig by scrapping.

`odvu& /k˙od.vu~/ <kho.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to

dig.

`oda8 /k˙o.da¯/ <kho.da.¯\> neut. .a

digging.

`oprI /k˙op.ri/ <kho.p\.rii> fem. .the

skull.

`obo /k˙o.bo/ <kho.bo> masc. .the shape

formed by the joined palms.

`orvavu& /k˙or.va.vu~/ <kho.r\.va.vu~>

v.intr. .to be disrupted.

`orak /k˙o.rak/ <kho.ra.k\> masc. .food.

`olvu& /k˙ol.vu~/ <kho.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to

open.

`ovu& /k˙o.vu~/ <kho.vu~> v.tr. .to miss.

`osvu& /k˙os.vu~/ <kho.s\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

drive into 2. to penetrate 3. to pierce.

`oXa-r8u& /kho.Æa.b˙\r.¯u~/

<kho.Æa.bh\.r\.¯u~> neut. .the

celebration of first pregnancy.

`oXIyu& /k˙o.Æi.ju~/ <kho.Æii.ju~> neut. .1. a

bed or pillow cover 2. the body.

`oXo /k˙o.Æo/ <kho.Æo> masc. .the lap.

g;kal /g\i.kal/ <g\.ii.ka.l\> fem.

yesterday.

gg6vu& /g\.g\Î.vu~/ <g\.g\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

.to roll down.

gjro /g\Ô.ro/ <g\.Ô\.ro> masc. .a

bouquet of flowers.

gjvu& /g\Ô.vu~/ <g\.Ô\.vu~> neut. .a pocket.

gzl /g\.z\l/ <g\.Ôh\.l\> fem. .a type of

poem.

g4g4avvu& /g\ˇ.g\.ˇav.vu~/

<g\.ˇ\.g\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to swallow

quickly.

g4r /g\.t\r/ <g\.ˇ\.r\> fem. .a gutter.

g5\5o /g\ˇ˙.ˇ˙o/ <g\.ˇhˇho> masc. .a

lump.

g6da pa4u& /g\Î.da.pa.ˇu~/

<g\.Î\.da.pa.ˇu~> neut. .blows by hand

and feet.

g6do /g\Î.do/ <g\.Î\.do> masc. .a

punch.

g6b6 /g\Î.b\Î/ <g\.Î\.b\.Î\> fem. .1.

a rowdyism 2. misappropriation.

g6m9l /g\Î.m\.t˙\l/ <g\.Î\.m\.th\.l\>

fem. .hard work.

g6I /g\.Îi/ <g\.Îii> fem. .a fold (of

cloth, paper etc.).

g7 /g\Î˙/ <g\.Îh\> masc. .a fortress.

g7vI /g\Î˙.vi/ <g\.Îh\.vii> masc. .a

keeper of a fortress.

g7vI /g\Î˙.vi/ <g\.Îh\.vii> fem. .a

community.

g8karvu& /g\¯.kar.vu~/ <g\.¯\.ka.r\.vu~>

v.tr. .to care for.

g8g8vu& /g\¯.g\¯.vu~/ <g\.¯\.g\.¯\.vu~>

v.intra..1. to murmur 2. to grumble.

g8trI /g\.¯\t.ri/ <g\.¯\.t\.rii> fem. .1.

calculation 2. counting

g8pit /g\¯.p\ti/ <g\.¯\.p\.ti> masc.

hon..the god Ganpati.

g8vu& /g\¯.vu~/ <g\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

count 2. to calculate.

g8ve= /g\¯.veß/ <g\.¯\.ve.ß\> masc. .a

uniform.

gi8t /g\.¯it/ <g\.¯i.t\> neut.

.mathematics.

g8e= /g\.¯eß/ <g\.¯e.ß\> masc. the god

Ganesh.

g*yu&ga&5yu& /g\.¯ju~. ga~.ˇ˙ju~/

<g\.¯ju~.ga~.ˇhju~> adj. .a little.

gtagm /g\.ta.g\m/ <g\.ta.g\.m\> fem. .

understanding.

git /g\.ti/ <g\.ti> fem. .1. motion 2.

speed.

gd\y /g\.dj\/ <g\.dj\> neut. .prose.

g0e6u& /g\.d˙e.Îu~/ <g\.dhe.Îu~> neut. .s

donkey.

gpgoXo /g\p.go.o/ <g\p.go.Æo> masc.

.a rumor.

gpsp /g\p.s\p/ <g\.p\.s\.p\> fem.

.gossip.

gPpIdas /g\p.pi.das/ <g\.ppii.da.s\>

masc. a rumor-monger.

gflt /g\p˙.l\t/ <g\.ph\.l\.t\> fem. .1. a

mistake 2. carelessness.

gb6vu& /g\.b\Î.vu~/ <g\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

.to roll down.

gbI /g\.bi/ <g\.bii> fem. .a foolish girl

or woman.

gbo /g\.bo/ <g\.bo> masc. .a foolish

boy or man.

g-ra4 /g\b˙.raˇ/ <g\.bh\.ra.ˇ\> masc.

.frightful confusion.

g-ravu& /g\b˙.ra.vu~/ <g\.bh\.ra.vu~>

v.intr.

.to get frightened.

g-ru& /g\b˙.ru~/ <g\.bh\.ru~> adj. .simple-

hearted.

gm /g\m/ <g\.m\> masc. .sadness.

gmgIn /g\m.gin/ <g\.m\.gii.n\> adj.

.sad.

gMmt /g\m.m\t/ <g\.mm\.t\> fem.

.merriment.

gmvu& /g\m.vu~/ <g\.m\.vu~> v.exp.. to

like.

gmar /g\.mar/ <g\.ma.r\> adj. .manner

less.

gr /g\r/ <g\.r\> masc. .pulp.

grj /g\.r\Ô/ <g\.r\.Ô\> fem. .need.

grju /g\r.Ôu/ <g\.r\.Ôu> adj. .needy.

grjvu& /g\.r\Ô.vu~/ <g\.r\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.

.to thunder.

grdn /g\r.d\n/ <g\.r\.d\.n\> fem. .the

neck.

grnaXu& /g\r.na.Æu~/ <g\.r\.na.Æu~> neut. .a

culvert.

grbI /g\r.bi/ <g\.r\.bii> fem. .a kind of

poem.

grbo /g\r.bo/ <g\.r\.bo> masc. .1. a

kind of poem 2. a pot with holes that

used during Navaratri festival.

grm /g\.r\m/ <g\.r\.m\> adj. .hot.

grmI /g\r.mi/ <g\.r\.mii> fem. .heat.

grmagrm /g\r.ma.g\.r\m/

<g\.r\.ma.g\.r\.m\> adj. .fresh and

hot.

grvu& /g\r.vu~/ <g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to fall

slowly (of leaves, flowers, dew etc.)

grIb /g\.rib/ <g\.rii.b\> adj. .poor.

grIba; /g\.ri.bai/ <g\.rii.ba.i> fem.

.poverty.

gru6 /g\.ruÎ/ <g\.ru.Î\> neut. .an eagle.

groXI /g\.ro.Æi/ <g\.ro.Æii> fem. .a lizard.

g-aR0an /g\r.b˙a.d˙an/ <g\.rbha.dha.n\>

neut. .impregnation.

g-aR=y /g\r.b˙a.ß\j/ <g\.rbha.ß\.j\>

neut. .the uterus.

gvR /g\r.v\/ <g\.rv\> masc. .proud.

glkI /g\l.ki/ <g\.l\.kii> fem. .a kind of

creeper (vegetable).

glgo4o /g\l.go.ˇo/ <g\.l\.go.ˇo> masc. .a

kind of flower plant.

glI /g\.li/ <g\.lii> fem. .a street.

glU6I/yu& /g\.lu.Îi.ju~/ <g\.luu.Îii.ju~> neut.

.a pup.

glofu& /g\.lo.p˙u~/ <g\.lo.phu~> neut. .the

inside of the cheek.

gLla&tLla& /g\l.la~.t\l.ta~/ <g\.lla~.t\.lla~>

masc. pl. .pretexts.

gLlo /g\l.lo/ <g\.llo> masc. .a cash-box.

gvn /g\.v\n/ <g\.v\.n\> neut. .a kind

of sari.

gvEyo /g\.v\i.jo/ <g\.v\i.jo> masc. .a

songster.

gXc4u& /g\Æ.c\.ˇu~/ <g\.Æ\.c\.ˇu~> adj.

.sweetish.

gXcvu& /g\.Æ\c.vu~/ <g\.Æ\.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to

over eat.

gXcI /g\Æ.ci/ <g\.Æ\.cii> fem. .1. the

neck 2. the throat.

gX8I /g\.Æ\.¯i/ <g\.Æ\.¯ii> fem. .a

funnel.

gXp8 /g\Æ.p\¯/ <g\.Æ\.p\.¯\> neut.

.sweetness.

gXvu& /g\Æ.vu~/ <g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .to ooze.

gXa4U&po /g\.Æa.ˇu~.po/ <g\.Æa.ˇu~.po>

masc. .a strangling.

gXafa&so /g\.Æa.p˙a~.so/ <g\.Æa.pha~.so>

masc. .a strangulation.

gXu& /g\.Æu~/ <g\.Æu~> neut. .the throat.

gâyu& /g\.Æju~/ <g\.Æju~> adj. .sweet.

g&@ /g\µ.Ôi/ <g\~.Ôii> fem. .a stack of

hay.

g&dkI /g\nd.ki/ <g\~.d\.kii> fem .filth.

g&du /g\n.du~/ <g\~.du> adj. .dirty.

g&0 /g\n.d˙\/ <g\~.dh\> fem. .smell.

g&0avu& /g\n.d˙a.vu~/ <g\~.dha.vu~> v.intr.

.to

stink.

g&-Ir /g\m.b˙ir/ <g\~.bhii.r\> adj. .1.

deep 2. cool-minded 3. serious.

gaj /gaÔ/ <ga.Ô\> neut. .a button-hole.

gajr /ga.Ô\r/ <ga.Ô\.r\> neut. .a carrot.

gajvIj /gaÔ.viÔ/ <ga.Ô\.vii.Ô\> fem.

.lightening and thunder together.

gajvu& /gaÔ.vu~/ <ga.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to

thunder.

ga6I /ga.Îi/ <ga.Îii> fem. .a vehicle.

ga6u& /ga.Îu~/ neut. .a cart.

ga7 /gaÎ˙/ <ga.Îh\> adj. .thick.

ga8u& /ga.¯u~/ <ga.¯u~> neut. .a song.

ga9a /ga.t˙a/ <ga.tha> fem. .a moral or

religous story.

gadlu& /gad.lu~/ <ga.d\.lu~> neut. .a

mattress.

gadI /ga.di/ <ga.dii> fem. .1. a throne, 2.

a cushion.

gab6u& /gab.Îu~/ <ga.b\.Îu~> neut. .1. a

hole 2. a pit.

gam /gam/ <ga.m\> neut. .a village.

gayk /ga.j\k/ <ga.j\.k\> masc. .a male

singer.

gaiyka /ga.ji.ka/ <ga.ji.ka> fem. .a female

singer.

galIco /ga.li.co/ <ga.lii.co> masc. .a

carpet.

gavu& /ga.vu~/ <ga.vu~> v.tr. .to sing.

gaX /gaÆ/ <ga.Æ\> fem. .a curse word.

gaXvu& /gaÆ.vu~/ <ga.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

filter 2. melt 3. to pass time.

ga&g6o /ga~g.Îo/ <ga~.g\.Îo> masc. .a

solid lump.

ga&5 /ga~ˇ˙/ <ga~.ˇh\> fem. .a knot.

ga&6u& /ga~.Îu~/ <ga~.Îu~> adj. .1. mad 2.

lunatic.

gIc /gic/ <gii.c\> adj. .overcroweded.

gIt /git/ <gii.t\> neut. .a song.

gI0 /gid˙/ <gii.dh\> neut. .a vulture.

gIrvI /gir.vi/ <gii.r\.vii> adj. .on

mortgage.

gIro /gi.ro/ <gii.ro> adj. .on mortgage.

gujrvu& /gu.Ô\r.vu~/ <gu.Ô\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to pass by 2. to die.

gujran /guÔ.ran/ <gu.Ô\.ra.n\> neut.

.livelihood.

gujarvu& /gu.Ôar.vu~/ <gu.Ôa.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

pass time.

gu4ko /guˇ.ko/ <gu.ˇ\.ko> masc. .a small

booklet.

gu8 /gu¯/ <gu.¯\> masc. .quality.

gu8gan /gu¯.gan/ neut. .an eulogy.

gu8doq /gu¯.doß/ <gu.¯\.do.s°\> masc.

.merits and demerits.

gu8vu& /gu¯.bv~/ <gu.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to

multiply.

gu8akar /gu.¯a.kar/ <gu.¯a.ka.r\> masc.

.multiplication.

gu8o]ar /gu.¯o.tt\r/ <gu.¯o.tt\.r\> masc.

.a ratio.

gunegar /gu.ne.gar/ <gu.ne.ga.r\> adj.

.criminal.

guno /gu.no/ <gu.no> masc. .a crime.

gupcUp /gup.cup/ <gu.p\.cu.p\> advb.

.quietly.

guPt /gu.pt\/ <gu.pt\> adj. .secret.

gufa /gu.p˙a/ <gu.pha> fem. .a cave.

gumavvu& /gu.mav.vu~/ <gu.ma.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .to lose.

guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> masc. . a teacher.

guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> adj. .1. big 2. large.

gulmor /gul.mør/ <gu.la.mo.r\> neut. .a

tree.

gulab /gu.lab/ <gu.la.b\> neut. .1. the

rose plant. 2. a rose flower

gulam /gu.lam/ <gu.la.m\> masc. .a

slave.

guSso /gu.sso/ <gu.sso> masc. .anger.

gu&jvu& /guµÔ.vu~/ <gu~.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

hum 2. to buzz.

gu&6o /gu¯.Îo/ <gu~.Îo> masc. .a bully.

gu&dr /gun.d\r/ <gu~.d\.r\> masc. .1.

glue 2. gum.

gu&bj /gum.b\Ô/ <gu~.b\.Ô\> masc. .a

dome.

gU7 /guÎ˙/ <guu.Îh\> adj. .secret.

gU8 /gu¯/ <guu.¯\> fem. .a sack.

gUm6u& /gum.Îu~/ <guu.m\.Îu~> neut. .a

skin-boil.

gU&gXavu& /gu˜.g\.Æa.vu~/ <guu~.g\.Æa.vu~>

v.intr. .to be suffocated.

gU&c /gu~c/ <guu~.c\> fem. .1.a twisting of

threads 2. intricacy.

gU&9vu& /gu~t˙.vu~/ <guu~.th\.vu~> v.tr. .to

knit.

gU&dvu& /gu~d.vu~/ <guu~.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to

trample.

gerkayde /ger.kaj.de/ <ge.r\.ka.j\.de> adj.

and advb. .illegal.

gerkaydesr /ger.kaj.de.s\r/

<ge.r\.ka.j\.de.s\.r\> advb. .illegally.

gerrSte /ger.r\s.te/ <ge.r\.r\.ste> advb.

.wrongly.

gerla- /ger.lab˙/ <ge.r\.la.bh\> masc.

.loss.

gervLle /ger.v\.lle/ <g\.r\.v\.lle> advb.

.at a wrong place.

gervvu& /ge.r\v.vu~/ <ge.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to

make things (fruits, leaves) fall.

gervhIv4 /ger.v\.hi.v\ˇ/

<ge.r\.v\.hii.v\.ˇ\> masc.

mismanagement.

gersmj /ger.s\.m\Ô/ <ge.r\.s\.m\.Ô\>

fem. . misunderstanding.

gokXgay /go.k\Æ.gaj/ <go.k\.Æ\.ga.j\>

fem. .a snail.

go`lo /gok˙.lo/ <go.kh\.lo> masc. .a

small recess in a wall.

go`vu& /gok˙.vu~/ <go.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

cram 2. to memorize.

gozaru& /go.Ô˙a.ru~/ <go.Ôha.ru~> adj.

.sinful.

go4lI /goˇ.li/ <go.ˇ\.lii> masc. .a mango

seed (usually soft)

go4lo /goˇ.lo/ <go.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a mango

seed (usually hard)

go4lo /goˇ.lo/ <go.ˇ\.lo> masc. .a hard

muscle.

go58 /go.t˙\¯/ <go.ˇh\.¯\> masc. .one

of the knees.

go5vvu& /go.ˇ˙\v.vu~/ <go.ˇh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to arrange.

goi5y8 /go.ˇ˙i.j\¯/ <go.ˇhi.j\.¯\> fem. .a

female friend.

god /god/ <go.d\> fem. .the lap.

god6I /god.Îi/ <go.d\.Îii> fem. .a kind

of mattress.

godam /go.dam/ <go.da.m\> neut. .a

store house.

gobo /go.bo/ <go.bo> masc. .a hollow

on a metallic surface.

goma&s /go.ma~s/ <go.ma~.s\> neut. .beef.

gor /gør/ <go.r\> masc. .a priest

(normally a Brahmin)

gora8I /gø.ra.¯i/ <go.ra.¯ii> fem. .a

priest’s wife.

gorI /go.ri/ <go.rii> adj. .a white-

skinned woman.

golmal /gol.mal/ <go.l\.ma.l\> fem. .

misappropriation.

govaX /go.vaÆ/ <go.va.Æ\> masc. .a cow-

herd.

govaX8I /go.va.Æ\.¯i/ <go.va.Æ\.¯ii> fem.

.a cow-herd’s wife.

goX /goÆ/ <go.Æ\> adj. .round.

goX /goÆ/ <go.Æ\> masc. .a sub-group of

a caste.

goX /gøÆ/ <go.Æ\> masc. .jiggery.

goXgoX /goÆ.goÆ/ <go.Æ\.go.Æ\> adj.

.evasive.

goXpap6I /goÆ.pap.Îi/ <go.Æ\.pa.p\.Îii>

fem. .a sweet food itm.

goXm4oX /goÆ.m\.ˇoÆ/ <go.Æ\.m\.ˇo.Æ\>

adj. .pulpy.

goXI /go.Æi/ <go.Æii> fem. .1. a pill 2. a

bullet.

goXo /go.Æo/ <go.Æo> masc. .1.a globe 2.

a round lamp 3. a bulb.

gO8 /g\u¯/ <g\u.¯\> adj. .secondary.

gOrv /g\u.r\v/ <g\u.r\.v\> neut. .pride.

g/h /gr\h/ <gr\.h\> masc. .a planet.

g/h8 /gr\.h\¯/ <g\.h\.¯\> neut. .an

eclipse.

g/&9 /gr\nt˙/ <g\~.th\> masc. .a book.

g/ahk /gra.h\k/ <gra.h\.k\> masc. .a

customer.

3w& /g˙\.u~/ <gh\.u~> masc. .wheat.

3w&v8uR& /g˙\.u~.v\.r¯u~/ <gh\.u.v\.r¯u~>

adj. .of whitish color.

34 /g˙\ˇ/ <gh\.ˇ\> fem. .a shortage.

34k /g˙\.ˇ\k/ <gh\.ˇ\.k\> adj.

component.

34tu& /g˙\ˇ.tu~/ <gh\.ˇ\.tu~> advb.

.properly.

34na /g˙\ˇ.na/ <gh\.ˇ\.na> fem. .event.

34maX /g˙\ˇ.ma/ <gh\.ˇ\.ma.Æ\> fem. a

series of events.

34vu& /g˙\ˇ.vu~/ <gh\.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to

dcrease.

34Sfo4 /g˙ˇ.sp˙oˇ/ <gh\.ˇ\.spho.ˇ\>

masc. .a revealing of secret.

34a /g˙\.ˇa/ <gh\.ˇa> fem. .a dense

formation of trees, clouds etc.

34a4op /g˙\.ˇa.ˇop/ <gh\.ˇa.ˇo.p\> masc.

.1. thick clods 2. false show.

34a6vu& /g˙\.ˇaÎ.vu~/ <gh\.ˇa.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to lessen 2. to reduce.

34a6o /g˙\.ˇa.Îo/ <gh\.ˇa.Îo> masc.

decrease.

34avvu& /g˙\.ˇav.vu~/ <gh\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to interpret.

36tr /g˙\Î.t\r/ <gh\.Î\.t\.r\> neut. .1.

a thing made 2. training.

36p8 /g˙\Î.p\¯/ <gh\.Î\.p\.¯\> neut.

.old age.

36vu& /g˙\Î.vu~/ <gh\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

shape 2. to mould 3. to manufacture.

36a; /g˙\.Îa.i/ <gh\.Îa.ii> fem. .wages

for shaping, molding or manufacturing.

3i6yaX /g˙\.Îi.jaÆ/ <gh\.Îi.ja.Æ\> fem. .1.

a watch 2. a clock.

3i6yaXI /g˙\.Îi.ja.Æi/ <gh\.Îi.ja.Æi> masc.

.a match maker.

36o /g\.Îo/ <gh\.Îo> masc. .a pot.

38 /g˙\¯/ <gh\.¯\> masc. .a large

heavy hammer.

38u& /g˙\.¯u~/ <gh\.¯u~> adj. .1. much 2.

very.

3n /g˙\n/ <gh\.n\> adj. .solid.

3m&6 /g˙\.m\¯Î/ <gh\.m\~.Î\> masc. .a

false pride.

3m&6I /g˙\.m\¯.Îi/ <gh\.m\~.Îii> adj.

arrogant.

3r /g˙\r/ <gh\.r\> neut. .a home.

3rkam /g˙\r.kam/ <gh\.r\.ka.m\> neut.

1. a household work 2. a homework.

3r`cR /g˙\r.k˙\r.c\/ <gh\.r\.kh\.rc\>

neut. household expenses.

3rg(9u /g˙\r.g\t˙t˙u/ <gh\.r\.g\.ththu>

adj. produced at home.

3rcoXu& /g˙\r.co.Æu~/ <gh\.r\.co.Æu~> neut.

1.a silk bodies for women.

3rjma; /g˙\r.Ô\.mai/ <gh\.r\.Ô\.ma.ii>

masc. .a married man living with his

father-in-law’s family.

3r6u& /g˙\r.Îu~/ <gh\.r\.Îu~> adj. .old.

3rbar /g˙\r.bar/ <gh\.r\.ba.r\> neut.

members of the family.

3rv`rI /g˙\r.v\.k˙.ri/

<gh\.r\.v\.kh\.rii> fem. . household

things such as furniture, utensils etc.

3rs&sar /g˙\r.sam.sar/ <gh\.r\.s\~.sa.r\>

masc. . worldly life.

3rs&sarI /g˙\r.sam.sa.ri/

<gh\.r\.s\~.sa.rii> adj. .a person

leading a worldly life.

3rak /g˙\.rak/ <gh\.ra.k\> masc. .1. a

customer 2. a client.

3re8u& /g˙\.re.¯~/ <gh\.re.¯u~> neut. .an

ornament.

3vavu& /g˙\.va.vu~/ <gh\.va.vu~> v.intr. .to

be wounded.

3s3sa4 /g˙\s.g˙\.saˇ/ <gh\.s\.g\.sa.ˇ\>

advb. .to sleep soundly.

3s6vu& /g˙\.s\Î.vu~/ <gh\.s\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.to drag.

3s6avu& /g˙\s.Îa.vu~/ <gh\.s\.Îa.vu~>

v.tr. to be dragged.

3srko /g˙\.s\r.ko/ <gh\.s\.r\.ko> masc.

1. a cut 2. a scratch.

3savu& /g˙\.sa.vu~/ <gh\.sa.vu~> v.intr.

.1.to be rubbed 2. to be worn out 3. to

sacrifice for others.

3&4 /g˙\¯ˇ/ <gh\~.ˇ\> masc. .a bell.

3&46I /g˙\¯ˇ.Îi/ <gh\~.ˇ\.Îi> fem. ..a

small bell.

3&4I /g˙\.¯ˇi/ <gh\~.ˇii> fem. .a grinding

hand-mill or machine.

3a /g˙a/ <gha> adj. .two dozen papers.

3a /g˙a/ <gha> masc. .a wound.

3a3ro /g˙\g˙.ro/ <gha.gh\.ro> masc. .a

petticoat.

3a3rI /g˙ag˙.ri/ <gha.gh\.rii> fem. .a

small petticoat.

3a4 /g˙aˇ/ <gha.ˇ> masc. . a shape.

3a4Ilu& /g˙a.ˇi.lu~/ <gha.ˇi.lu~> adj. .well

built.

3a8 /g˙a¯/ <gha.¯\> masc. .a unit of

production.

3ayl /g˙a.j\l/ <gha.j\.l\> adj. .wounded.

3arI /g˙a.ri/ <gha.rii> fem. .a kind of

sweet.

3alvu& /g˙al.vu~/ <gha.l\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

thrust into 2. to penetrate.

3as /g˙as/ <gha.s\> neut. .grass.

3I /g˙i/ <ghii> neut. .ghee (refined

butter).

3uv6 /g˙u.v\Î/ <ghu.v\.Î\> masc. .an

owl.

3U3rI /g˙ug˙.ri/ <ghuu.gh\.rii> fem. .a

small mealic balls (usually of

ornaments).

3U3vvu& /g˙u.g˙\v.vu~/ <ghuu.gh\.v\.vu~>

v.intr. .to roar (of sea)

3Umravu& /g˙um.ra.vu~/ <ghuu.m\.ra.vu~>

v.intr. .to turn or move around.

3UmrI /g˙um.ri/ <ghuu.m\.rii> fem. .a

whirlpool.

3Umvu& /g˙um.vu~/ <ghuu.m\.vu~> v.intr.

.to move around.

3Urkvu& /g˙u.r\k.vu~/ <ghuu.r\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. .1. to roar angrily 2. to snarl.

3Usi8yu& /g˙u.s\.¯i.ju~/ <ghu.s\.¯i.ju~> adj.

.a person with intruding nature.

3Usvu& /g˙us.vu~/ <ghuu.s\.vu~> v.intr. .1.

to thrust into 2. to enter forcefully or

withour prior permission.

3U&48 /g˙u~.ˇ\¯/ <ghuu~.ˇ\.¯\> masc. .the

knee.

3U&4I /g˙u~.ˇi/ <ghuu~.ˇii> fem. .the shin-

bone.

3U&4I /g˙u~.ˇi/ <ghuu~.ˇii> fem. .a puzzle.

3e4u& /g˙e.ˇu~/ <ghe.ˇu~> neut. .a sheep.

3en /g˙en/ <ghe.n\> neut. .intoxication.

3ebr /g˙e.b\r/ <ghe.b\.r\> neut. .a kind

of sweet.

3er /g˙er/ <ghe.r\> masc.

.circumference.

3ervu& /g˙er.vu~/ <ghe.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

surround.

3eru& /g˙e.ru~/ <ghe.ru~> adj. .deep or dark

(usually a color).

3el2a /g˙el.c˙a/ <ghe.la.cha> fem. .a

craze.

3elu& /g˙e.lu~/ <ghe.lu~> adj. .craziness.

3o /g˙o/ <gho> fem. .a kind of lizard.

3o6aga6I /g˙o.Îa.g˙a.Îi/

<gho.Îa.gha.Îii> fem. .a horse-

carriage.

3o6apUr /g˙o.Îa.pur/ <gho.Îa.puu.r\>

neut. .a sudden flood.

3o6Iyu& /g˙o.Îi.ju~/ <gho.Îii.ju~> neut. .a

cradle.

3o6I /g˙o.Îi/ <gho.Îii> fem. .a mare.

3o6o /g˙o.Îo/ <gho.Îo> masc. .a horse.

3or /g˙or/ <gho.r\> adj. .terrible.

3orvu& /g˙or.vu~/ <gho.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to

snore.

3oXvu& /g˙oÆ.vu~/ <gho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to

soften by pressing on all sides.

ckckvu& /c\k.c\k.vu~/ <c\.k\.c\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. .1.to shine 2. to glitter.

ckckIt /c\k.c\.kit/ <c\.k\.c\.kii.t\>

adj. .shining.

ck6oX /c\k.ÎoÆ/ <c\.k\.Îo.Æ\> masc.

.marry-go-round.

cktI /c\k.ti/ <c\.k\.tii> fem. .a name

plate.

cklo /c\k.lo/ <c\.k\.lo> masc. .a male

sparrow.

cklI /c\k.li/ <c\.k\.lii> fem. .a female

sparrow.

ckXivkX /c\.k\Æ.vi.k\Æ/

<c\.k\.Æ\.vi.k\.Æ\> adj. . frightened and

puzzled.

ckamu& /c\.ka.mu~/ <c\.ka.mu~> neut. .1.

sun-burn 2. sore.

ckasvu& /c\.kas.vu~/ <c\.ka.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to

examine.

ckor /c\.kor/ <c\.ko.r\> adj. .alert.

ckkr /c\k.k\r/ <c\.kk\.r\> neut. .a

circle.

ck/m /c\k.r\m/ <c\.kr\.m\> masc. .a

senseless person.

ck/v<i)0 /c\k.r\.vrud˙.d˙i/

<c\.kr\.vr≤.dhdhi> adj. . compound

interest.

ck/akar /c\k.ra.kar/ <c\.kra.ka.r\> adj.

.circular.

cgdvu& /c\.g\d.vu~/ <c\.g\.d\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to trample 2. to crush.

cgXvu& /c\.g\Æ.vu~/ <c\.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to chew slowly 2. to munch.

cc8vu& /c\.c\¯.vu~/ <c\.c\.¯\.vu~> v.exp.

.to feel a burning pain.

c4kvu& /c\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <c\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to

string.

c48I /c\ˇ.¯i/ <c\.ˇ\.¯ii> fem. .ketchup.

c4p4 /c\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <c\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.

.instantly.

c4p4I /c\ˇ.p\.ˇi/ <c\.ˇ\.p\.ˇii> fem.

.uneasiness.

c4a; /c\.ˇai/ <c\.ˇa.i> fem. .a mat.

c6wtr /c\Î.u.t\r/ <c\.Î\.u.t\.r\> fem.

.1. rise and fall 2. ascent and descent.

c6c6vu& /c\Î.c\Î.vu~/ <c\.Î\.c\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. .to burn with a creaking sound.

c6tI /c\Î.ti/ <c\.Î\.tii> fem. .1. rise 2.

increase.

c6tI p6tI /c\Î.ti p\Î.ti/

<c\.Î\.tii.p\.Î\.tii> fem. . rise and fall.

c6tu& /c\Î.tu~/ <c\.Î\.tu~> adj. .rising.

c6vu& /c\Î.vu~/ <c\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

climb 2. to rise.

c6sac6sI /c\Î.sa. c\Î.si/

<c\.Î\.sa.c\.Î\.sii> fem. . intense

rivalry.

c6a; /c\.Îai/ <c\.Îa.i> fem. .an

invasion.

c6\6I /c\Î.Îi/ <c\.ÎÎii> fem. .shorts.

c8 /c\¯/ <c\.¯\> masc. .grains for

birds.

c8vu& /c\¯.vu~/ <c\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to

construct.

c8vu& /c\¯.vu~/ <c\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to eat

(by birds).

ci8yo /c\.¯i.jo/ <c\.¯i.jo> masc.

.petticoat.

c8o /c\.¯o/ masc. <c\.¯o> a grain of

gram.

ctur /c\.tur/ <c\.tu.r\> adj. .clever.

ctura /c\.tu.ra/ <c\.tu.ra> fem. .a clever

woman (used mainly in literary

language)

ctura; /c\.tu.rai/ <c\.tu.ra> fem.

.cleverness.

cp4I /c\p.ˇi/ <c\.p\.ˇii> fem. .a snap of

fingers.

cpX /c\.p\Æ/ <c\.p\.Æ\> adj. .skilful.

cpa4I /c\.pa.ˇi/ <c\.pa.ˇii> fem. .a bread.

cpocp /c\.po.c\p/ <c\.po.c\.p\> advb.

.quickly.

cPpu /c\p.pu/ <c\p.pu> neut. .a knife.

cbr`I /c\.b\r.k˙i/ <c\.b\.r\.khii> fem.

.a small piece of paper (mainly hand

written)

cbrak /c\b.rak/ <c\.b\.ra.k\> adj.

.1.clever 2. talkative.

cbUtro /c\.but.ro/ <c\.buu.t\.ro> masc.

.a public bird feeder.

cmk /c\.m\k/ <c\.m\.k\> fem.

.brightness.

cmco /c\m.co/ <c\.m\.co> masc. .a

spoon.

cmTkar /c\.m\t.kar/ <c\.m\.tka.r\>

masc. .a miracle.

cmelI /c\.me.li/ <c\.me.lii> fem. .a kind

of flower plant.

crk /c\.r\k/ <c\.r\.k\> fem. .a bird’s

excrement.

cr`o /c\r.k˙o/ <c\.r\.kho> masc. .a

spinning wheel.

cr8 /c\.r\¯/ <c\.r\.¯\> masc. .legs

(formal).

crbI /c\r.bi/ <c\.r\.bii> fem. .fat.

crvu& /c\r.vu~/ <c\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to graze.

cir{a /c\.rit.r\/ <c\.ri.tr\> neut.

.character.

cru /c\.ru/ <c\.ru> masc. .a pot with

broad mouth.

ccRvu& /c\rc.vu~/ <c\.rc\.vu~> v.tr. .to

discuss.

ccaR /c\r.ca/ <c\.rca> fem. .discussion.

cl8 /c\.l\¯/ <c\.l\.¯\> neut. .currency.

cva8u& /c\.va.¯u~/ <c\.va.¯u~> neut. .a

type of

food.

cskvu& /c\.s\k.vu~/ <c\.s\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.1.to slip 2. to escape 3. to be lost-

minded.

csko /c\s.ko/ <c\.s\.ko> masc.

.1.mascular pain 2. addiction.

chero /c\.he.ro/ <c\.he.ro> masc. .a face.

cX /c\Æ/ <c\.Æ\> fem. .itching sensation.

cXvX /c\.v\Æ/ <c\.Æ\.v\.Æ\> fem. .a

movement.

cXvu& /c\Æ.vu~/ <c\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

move 2. to break a promise.

cXam8 /c\.Æa.m\¯/ <c\.Æa.m\.¯\> neut.

.leftover after sifting.

c&cX /c\µ.c\Æ/ <c\~.c\.Æ\> adj. .unsteady.

c&dn /c\n.d\n/ <c\~.d\.n\> neut. .a

sandal-tree.

c&± /c\n.dr\/ <c\~.dr\> masc. .the moon.

c&pl /c\m.p\l/ <c\~.p\.l\> masc.

.sleeper.

c&po /c\m.po/ <c\~.po> masc. .a flower

plant.

ca /ca/ <ca> fem. .tea.

cakI /ca.ki/ <ca.kii> fem. .a small metal

bolt.

caku /ca.ku/ <ca.ku> neut. .a knife.

ca`vu& /cak˙.vu~/ <ca.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .to

taste.

ca4vu& /caˇ.vu~/ <ca.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. .to lick.

ca5u& /ca.ˇ˙u~/ <ca.ˇhu~> neut. .1. a scar 2. a

skin-burn.

caplUsI /cap.lu.si/ <ca.p\.lu.sii> fem.

.flattery.

cab`o /cab.k˙o/ <ca.b\.kho> masc. .1. a

whip 2. a kind of poem that criticizes

social evils.

cabUk /ca.buk/ <ca.buu.k\> masc. .a

whip.

cam6I /cam.Îi/ <ca.m\.Îii> fem. .skin.

cam6u& /cam.Îu~/ <ca.m\.Îu~> neut.

.leather.

camacI6Iyu& /ca.ma.ci.Îi.ju~/

<ca.ma.cii.Îii.ju~> neut. .a bat.

car /car/ <ca.r\> fem. .1. fresh grass 2.

fodder.

car8 /ca.r\¯/ <ca.r\.¯\> masc. .1. a

bard 2. a name of a caste/ community.

carpa; /car.pai/ <ca.r\.pa.i> fem. .a cot.

cair{a /ca.rit.r\/ <c\.ri.tr\> neut.

.character.

caro /ca.ro/ <ca.ro> masc. .fodder.

cal /cal/ <ca.l\> fem. .style of walking.

cal /cal/ <ca.l\> fem. .a strategy.

cal /cal/ <ca.l\> masc. .1. a tradition 2.

a custom.

calclgt /cal.c\l.g\t/ <ca.l\.c\.l\.g\.t\>

fem. . behavior.

calba@ /cal.ba.Ôi/ <ca.l\.ba.Ôii> fem.

cleverness.

calvu& /cal.vu~/ <ca.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to walk.

calak /ca.lak/ <ca.la.k\> adj. .1.clever 2.

skilful.

calakI /ca.la.ki/ <ca.la.kii> fem. .1. a

trick 2. cleverness.

calu /ca.lu/ <ca.lu> adj. .1.moving 2. a

person with loose character.

cavvu& /cav.vu~/ <ca.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to chew.

cavI /ca.vi/ <ca.vii> fem. .a key.

cas /cas/ <ca.s\> masc. .a furrow.

caX8I /ca.Æ\.¯i/ <ca.Æ\.¯ii> fem. .a sieve.

caXvu& /caÆ.vu~/ <ca.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to sift.

calIs /ca.lis/ <ca.li.s\> adj. .forty.

co&c /cø~c/ <co~.c\> fem. .a beak.

ca&c6 /ca~.c\Î/ <co~.c\.Î\> masc. .a flea.

ca&d /ca~d/ <co~.d\> masc. .the moon.

ca&dnI /ca~d.ni/ <co~.d\.nii> fem.

.moonlight.

ca&dlo /ca~d.lo/ <ca~.d\.lo> masc. .an

auspicious mark done on the forehead.

ca&dI /ca~.di/ <ca~.dii> fem. .silver.

ca&dI /ca~.di/ <ca~.dii> fem. .syphilis.

ca&du& /ca~.du~/ <ca~.du~> neut. .an ulcer.

ca&do /ca~.do/ <ca~.do> masc. .the moon.

ca&p /ca~p/ <ca~.p\> fem. .a switch.

ca&plu& /ca~p.lu~/ <ca~.p\.lu~> adj. .over

wise.

ickar /ci.kar/ <ci.ka.r\> adj. .full.

iccyarI /cic.ja.ri/ <ci.c\.ja.rii> fem. .a

shrilling cry.

ic5\5I /ciˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <ci.ˇhˇhii> fem. .1. a note

2. a small informal letter.

ic6avu& /ci.Îa.vu~/ <ci.Îa.vu~> v.intr. .to be

vexed.

icta /ci.ta/ <ci~.ta> fem. .a funeral-pyre.

ictar /ci.tar/ <ci.ta.r\> masc. .1.a picture

2. a detail narration.

ic]a /cit.t\/ <ci.tt\> neut. .the mind.

ic]ao /cit.to/ <ci.tto> masc. .1.a panther

2. a leopard.

ic{a /cit.r\/ <ci.tr\> neut. .1. a picture 2.

a drawing.

icbavlu& /ci.bav.lu~/ <ci.ba.v\.lu~> adj.

1.overwise 2. childish.

icbuk /ci.buk/ <ci.buu.k\> fem. .the

chin.

icr&@vI /ci.r\n..Ôi.vi/ <ci.r\~.Ôii.vii> adj.

1. having longevity 2. also used to

address a son, a daughter or any person

who is younger to the addresser.

icrag /ci.rag/ <ci.ra.g\> masc. .a lamp.

ich\.n /cih..n\/ <ci.hn\> neut. .1. a mark

2. a trait.

ic&tk /cin.t\k/ <ci~.t\.k\> masc. .thinker.

ic&tn /cin.t\n/ <ci~.t\.n\> neut. .1. deep

thinking 2. meditation.

ic&ta /cin.ta/ <ci~.ta> fem. .worry.

cIk8u& /cik.¯u~/ <ci.k\.¯u~> adj. .1. sticky

2. greasy.

cIkI /ci.ki/ <cii.kii> fem. .a kind of

sweet.

cIku /ci.ku/ <cii.ku> neut. .1. a tree 2. a

fruit of the cIku tree.

cIj /ciÔ/ <ci.Ô\> fem. .a thing.

cI6 /ciÎ/ <cii.Î\> fem. .disgust.

cItrvu& /ci.t\r.vu~/ <cii.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to sketch 2. to draw.

cItXo /cit.Æo/ <cii.t\.Æo> masc. .a kind of

serpent.

cInI /ci.ni/ <cii.nii> adj. .Chinese.

cIp /cip/ <cii.p\> fem. .1. a strip 2. a

deal in the card game.

cIipyo /ci.pi.jo/ <cii.pi.jo> masc.

.pincers.

cIbu& /ci.bu~/ <cii.bu~> adj. .flat-nosed.

cImXvu& /ci.m\Æ.vu~/ <ci.m\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to pinch 2. to twist.

cIrvu& /cir.vu~/ <cii.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to tear

2. to split.

cIrI /ci.ri/ <cii.rii> fem. .a slice of fruit

or pickle.

cIro /ci.ro/ <cii.ro> masc. .1. a cut 2. a

long piece of cloth.

cIv4 /ci.v\ˇ/ <cii.v\.ˇ\> fem. .care.

cIs /cis/ <cii.s\> fem. .a scream.

cI&9ru& /ci~t˙.ru~/ <cii.th\.ru~> neut. .a arg.

cI&9rehal /cith˙.re.hal/ <cii.th\.re.ha.l\>

adj. 1. dressed in rags 2. extremely poor.

cI&0vu& /ci~d˙.vu~/ <ci~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. .to

point with a finger.

cUkado /cu.ka.do/ <cuu.ka.do> masc. .a

judgment.

cu6el /cu.Îel/ <cu.Îe.l\> fem. .a kind of

female ghost.

cup /cup/ <cuu.p\> adj. .quite.

cUpkIdI /cup.ki.di/ <cu.p\.kii.dii> fem.

.silence.

cUpcap /cup.cap/ <cuu.p\.ca.p\> advb.

.stealthily.

cUSt /cus.t\/ <cu.st\> adj. .1. tight 2.

staunch.

cu&gal /cu˜.gal/ <cu~.ga.l\> fem. .1. a

claw 2. a trap.

cu&gI /cu˜.gi/ <cu~.gii> fem. .a smoking-

pipe.

cu&bn /cum.b\n/ <cu~.b\.n\> neut. .a

kiss.

cu&maXIs /cu~.ma.Æis/ <cu~.ma.Æii.s\> adj.

.forty four.

cu&moter /cu~.mo.ter/ <cu~.mo.te.r\> adj.

.seventy four.

cUkvvu& /cu.k\v.vu~/ <cuu.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to make the payment.

cUkvu& /cuk.vu~/ <cuu.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to

miss.

cUgvu& /cug.vu~/ <cuu.g\.vu~> v.tr. .to eat

(by birds).

cU6I /cu.Îi/ <cuu.Îii> fem. .a bangle.

cUnI /cu.ni/ <cuu.nii> fem. .a nose ring.

cUmvu& /cum.vu~/ <cuu.m\.vu~> v.tr. .to

kiss.

cUlo /cu.lo/ <cuu.lo> masc. .a fire-place

for cooking.

cUvu& /cu.vu~/ <cuu.vu~> v.intr. .to ooze.

cUsvu& /cus.vu~/ <cuu.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to suck.

cU&k /cu~k/ <cu~.k\> fem. .stomach pain.

cU&k /cu~k/ <cuu~.k\> fem. .a nail.

cU&9vu& /cu~t˙.vu~/ <cuu~.th\.vu~> v.tr. .to

ransack.

cU&d6I /cu~nd.Îi/ <cu~.d\.Îii> fem. .a kind

of sari.

cekvu& /cek.vu~/ <ce.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to erase.

cetn /ce.t\n/ <ce.t\.n\> adj. .animate.

cetna /cet.na/ <ce.t\.na> fem.

.consciousness.

cetv8I /ce.t\v.¯i/ <ce.t\.v\.¯ii> fem.

.1.a warning 2. caution.

cetvvu& /ce.t\v.vu~/ <ce.t\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to

warn.

cetvu& /cet.vu~/ <ce.t\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

alert.

cen /cen/ <ce.n\> neut. .peace.

cep /cep/ <ce.p\> masc. .infection.

celo /ce.lo/ <ce.lo> masc. .a male

disciple.

celI /ce.li/ <ce.lo> fem. .a female

disciple.

cev6o /cev.Îo/ <ce.v\.Îo> masc. .a food

item.

ceh /ceh/ <ce.h\> fem. .a funeral pyre.

cEtNy /c\i.t\n.j\/ <c\.t\.nj\> neut. .1.

life-spirit 2. the supreme being.

cE{a /c\it.r\/ <c\.tr\> masc. .the sixth

month of the Vikram year.

cok /cøk/ <co.k\> masc. .a square.

cok6I /cøk.Îi/ <co.k\.Îii> fem. .1. a

washing place in house 2. a place where

four roads

cross.

cok\ks /cok.k\s/ <co.kk\.s\> advb.

.surely.

coksI /cøk.si/ <co.k\.sii> masc. .1. a

surname 2. a dealer in gold and silver.

cokI /cø.ki/ <co.kii> fem. .1. a police

station 2. a watch-gate.

co`a /co.k˙a/ <co.kha> masc. .rice.

co~`a.; /cok˙.k˙a.i/ <co.khkha.ii> adj.

.cleanliness.

co~`u& /cok˙.k˙u~/ <co.khkhu~> adj. .clean.

cogan /co.gan/ <co.ga.n\> neut. .a plain.

co36Iyu& /co.g˙\.Îi.ju~/ <co.gh\.Îio.ju~>

neut. .a unit of time divided to determine

auspicious and inauspicious period.

co4 /coˇ/ <co.ˇ\> fem. .a blow.

co4vu& /cøˇ.vu~/ <co.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to stick.

co6vu& /cøÎ.vu~/ <co.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to strike.

cotrf /co.t\.r\p˙/ <co.t\.r\.ph\> advb.

.on

all sides.

co{aIs /cøt.ris/ <co.trii.s\> adj. .thirty

four.

co9 /cot˙/ <co.th\> fem. .fouth day of

both of the fortnights of a lunar month.

co0ar /co.d˙ar/ <co.dha.r\> adj.

.immense (tears and rain)

copgu& /co.p\.gu~/ <co.p\.gu~> adj.

quadruped.

cop6vu& /co.p\Î.vu~/ <co.p\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to lubricate 1. to grease.

cop6I /cop.Îi/ <co.p\.Îii> fem. .a book.

cop6o /cop.Îo/ <co.p\.Îo> masc. .an

account book.

copn /co.p\n/ <co.p\.n\> adj. .fifty

four.

copanIyu& /co.pa.ni.ju~/ <co.pa.nii.ju~> neut.

.a pamphlet.

comasu& /co.ma.su~/ <co.ma.su~> neut.

monsoon.

cor /cor/ <co.r\> masc. .a thief.

corvu& /cor.vu~/ <co.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to steal.

cors /co.r\s/ <co.r\.s\> masc. .1. a

square figure 2. a square.

cora=I /co.ra.ßi/ <co.ra.ßii> adj. .eighty

four.

corI /co.ri/ <co.rii> fem. .a theft.

corI /cø.ri/ <co.rii> fem. .a square

structure where marriage ritaul is

performed.

coro /cø.ro/ <co.ro> masc. .a public

meeting

place in villages.

covIs /co.vis/ <co.vii.s\> adj. .twenty

four.

cos5 /co.s\ˇ˙/ <co.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty

four.

coslu& /cos.lu~/ <co.s\.lu~> neut. .a thick

block or slice.

coXvu& /coÆ.vu~/ <co.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to rub.

coXa /co.Æa/ <co.Æa> masc. .a kind of

pulse.

coXI /co.Æi/ <co.Æii> fem. a woman’s

bodies.

co&kvu& /co~k.vu~/ <co.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

startled.

cOd /c\ud/ <c\u.d\> adj. .fourteen.

/c˙\/ <ch\> adj. .six.

2kvu& /c˙\k.vu~/ <ch\.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to go

astray.

2kko /c\k.ko/ <ch\.kko> masc. .the six

in a suit of playing cards.

22u&dr /c˙\.c˙un.d\r/ <ch\.chu~.d\.r\>

neut. .a mole.

24kvu& /c˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <ch\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to slip away 2. to escape.

24ku& /c˙\ˇ.ku~/ <ch\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> neut. .a

trap.

25 /c˙\ˇ˙/ <ch\.ˇh\> fem. .sixth day of

the fortnight of the Hindu month.

26vu& /c˙\Î.vu~/ <ch\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

thrash.

26a /c˙\.Îa/ <ch\.Îa> masc. .anklets.

28kvu& /c˙\.¯\k.vu~/ <ch\.¯\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. .to speak angrily.

28ko /c˙\¯.ko/ <ch\.¯\.ko> masc. .a

rude angry uterance.

2t /c˙\t/ <ch\.t\> fem. .availability.

2t /c˙\t/ <ch\.t\> fem. .a ceiling.

2ta& /c˙\.ta~/<ch\.ta~> advb. .however.

2{aI /c˙\t.ri/ <ch\.trii> fem. .an

umbrella.

2{aIs /c˙\t.ris/ <ch\.trii.s\> adj. .thirty

six.

2br6o /c˙\.b\r.Îo/ <ch\.b\.r\.Îo>

masc. .a fiasco.

2bI /c˙\.bi/ <ch\.bii> fem. .1. a picture

2. a portrait.

2m2m /c˙\m.c˙\m/ <ch\.m\.ch\.m\>

advb. .with a jingling sound.

2l&g /c˙\.l\˜.g\/ <ch\.l\~.g\> fem. .a

long leap.

2la2l /c˙\.la.c˙\l/ <ch\.la.ch\.l\> advb.

.over flowing.

2VvIs /c˙\v.vis/ <ch\.vvii.s\> adj.

.twenty six.

2X /c˙\Æ/ <ch\.Æ\> neut. .a fraud.

2&2e6vu& /c˙\.nc˙eÎ.vu~/ <ch\~.che.Î\.vu~>

v.tr. .to enrage.

2&d /c˙\n.d\/ <ch\~.d\> masc. .an

addiction.

2&d /c˙\n.d\/ <ch\~.d\> masc. .a poetic

meter.

2a8 /c˙a¯/ <cha.¯\> neut. .a dung of

buffalo, cow, bullock and oxen.

2a8u& /c˙a.¯u~/ <cha.¯u~> neut. .a dung-

cake used as fuel.

2atI /c˙a.ti/ <cha.tii> fem. .the chest.

2anu& /c˙a.nu~/ <cha.nu~> adj. . secret.

2ap /c˙ap/ <cha.p\> fem. .1. an

impression 2. a print.

2apru& /c˙ap.ru~/ <cha.p\.ru~> neut. .a hut.

2apvu& /c˙ap.vu~/ <cha.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to

print.

2apu& /c˙a.pu~/ <cha.pu~> neut. .a

newspaper.

2ab /c˙ab/ <cha.b\> fem. a bamboo

basket.

2ab6I /c˙ab.Îi/ <cha.b\.Îii> fem. a

bamboo basket.

2aya /c˙a.ja/ <cha.ja> fem. .a shadow.

2al /c˙al/ <cha.l\> fem. .a bark.

2alk /c˙a.l\k/ <cha.l\> fem. .a splash.

2ala& /c˙a.la~/ <cha.la~> neut. pl..1. husks

2. peels.

2av8I /c˙av.¯i/ <cha.v\.¯ii> fem. .a

camp.

2avrvu& /c˙a.v\r.vu~/ <cha.v\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

.to conceal.

2a= /c˙aß/ <cha.ß\> fem. .butter milk.

2as5 /c˙a.s\ˇ˙/ <cha.s\.ˇ\> adj. .sixty

six.

2a&4o /c˙a~.ˇo/ <cha~.ˇo> masc. .a drop.

2a&6vu& /c˙a~Î.vu~/ <cha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

leave surplus food in the dining plate.

2I /c˙i/ <chii> fem. .excretion.

2I /c˙i/ <chii> advb. .an expression

showing hatred.

2Invvu& /c˙i.n\v.vu~/ <chii.n\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to snatch.

2Ip /c˙ip/ <chii.p\> fem. .a shell.

2U4 /c˙uˇ/ <chuu.ˇ\> fem. .1. leave 2.

speciousness.

2U4k /c˙u.t\k/ <chuu.ˇ\.k\> adj. .retail.

2U4k /c˙u.t\k/ <chuu.ˇ\.k\> advb. .by

retail.

2U42a4 /c˙uˇ.c˙aˇ/ <chuu.ˇ\.cha.ˇ\> fem.

a concession.

2U4vu& /c˙uˇ.vu~/ <chuu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .1.to

be free 2. to be relieved.

2U4a2e6a /c˙u.ˇa.c˙e.Îa/ <chuu.ˇa.che.Îa>

masc. .a divorce.

2U4u& /c˙u.tu~/ <chuu.ˇu~> adj. .free.

2Upu& /c˙u.pu~/ <chuu.pu~> adj. .1.

concealed 2. secret.

2U&d8u& /c˙u~n.d\.¯u~/ <chuu~.d\.¯u~> neut.

.tattoo.

2U&do /c˙u~.do/ <chu~.do> masc. .minced

pickle.

2ek /c˙ek/ <che.k\> advb. .entirely.

2ekvu& /c˙ek.vu~/ <che.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to

strike.

2e6tI /c˙eÎ.ti/ <che.Î\.tii> fem. .a prank.

2e6vu& /c˙eÎ.vu~/ <che.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

tease.

2e6o /c˙e.Îo/ <che.Îo> masc. .the end.

2etrpI&6I /c˙e.t\r.pi¯.Îi/

<che.t\.r\.pi~.Îii> fem. .a cheating.

2etrvu& /c˙e.t\r.vu~/ <che.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to cheat 2. to deceive.

2etram8 /c˙et.ra.m\¯/ <che.t\.ra.m\.¯\>

fem. .cheating.

2etram8u& /c˙et.ram.¯u~/

<che.t\.ra.m\.¯u~> adj. .deceitful.

2etaXIs /c˙e.ta.Æi.s/ <che.ta.Æii.s\> adj. .

forty six.

2ed /c˙ed/ <che.d\> masc. .a cut.

2edvu& /c˙ed.vu~/ <che.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to cut.

2eLlu& /c˙el.lu~/ <che.llu~> adj. .last.

2ev4e /c˙e.v\.ˇe/ <che.v\.ˇe> advb. .at

last.

2okrmt /c˙o.k\r.m\t/ <cho.k\.r\.m\.t\>

adj. . childish.

2okrI /c˙ok.ri/ <cho.k\.rii> fem. .a girl.

2okru& /c˙ok.ru~/ <cho.k\.ru~> neut. .a

child.

2okro /c˙ok.ro/ <cho.k\.ro> masc. .a

boy.

2o6vu& /c˙oÎ.vu~/ <cho.Î\.vu~> v.tr..1. to

release 2. to free 3. to untie.

2otru& /c˙ot.ru~/ <cho.t\.ru~> neut. .a peel.

2ol /c˙ol/ <cho.t\.ru~> masc. .wood-

scraping

2olvu& /c˙ol.vu~/ <cho.l\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

scrape 2. peel.

2oter /c˙o.ter/ <cho.te.r\> adj. .seventy-

six.

2\yasI /c˙ja.si/ <chja.sii> adj. .eighty-six.

j /Ô\/ <Ô\> part.. emphasis marker.

jkat /Ô\.kat/ <Ô\.ka.t\> fem. .custom

duty.

jk\kI /Ô\k.ki/ <Ô\.kkii> adj. .stubborn.

j`m /Ô\.k˙\m/ <Ô\.kh\.m\> masc. .a

wound.

jgt /Ô\.g\t/ <Ô\.g\.t\> neut. .the world.

jGya /Ô\.gja/ <Ô\.gja> fem. .a place.

j6 /Ô\Î/ <Ô\.Î\> adj. .inanimate.

j6bato6 /Ô\Î.ba.toÎ/ <Ô\.Î\.ba.to.Î\>

adj. . irrefutable.

j6bu& /Ô\Î.bu~/ <Ô\.Î\.bu~> neut. .the jaw.

j6-rt /Ô\Î.b˙\.r\t/ <Ô\.Î\.bh\.r\.t\>

adj. stupid.

j6vu& /Ô\Î.vu~/ <Ô\.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to fix

things with nails etc.

j6vu& /Ô\Î.vu~/ <Ô\.Î\.vu~> v.dat.. to

regain a lost thing.

j8 /Ô\¯/ <Ô\¯> neut. .1. an individual 2.

a person.

j8vu& /Ô\¯.vu~/ <Ô\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to give a

birth.

j8avvu& /Ô\.¯av.vu~/ <Ô\.¯a.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to inform.

jtn /Ô\.t\n/ <Ô\.ka.t\> neut. .care.

jNm /Ô\n.m\/ <Ô\.nm\> masc. .birth.

jnm /Ô\.n\m/ <Ô\.n\.m\> masc. .birth.

jNmku&6XI /Ô\.nm\.ku¯.Î\.Æi/

<Ô\.nm\.ku~.Î\.Æii> fem. .a horoscope.

jNm4Ip /Ô\n.m\.ˇip/ <Ô\.nm\.ˇii.p\>

fem. .a life time imprisonment.

jNmaQ4mI /Ô\n.maß.ˇ\.mi/

<Ô\.nma.s°ˇ\.mii> fem. .Lord Krishna’s

birth day.

jnmojnm /Ô\n.mo.Ô\.n\m/

<Ô\.n\.mo.Ô\.n\.m\> advb. .in each

birth.

jp /Ô\p/ <Ô\.p\> masc. .1. a muttering

of a deity’s name, 2. recition.

jpvu& /Ô\p.vu~/ <Ô\.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to mutter

s deity’s name as a part of some ritual.

jm8 /Ô\.m\¯/ <Ô\.m\.¯\> neut. .a

formal dinner.

jm8var /Ô\.m\¯.var/ <Ô\.m\.¯\.va.r\>

masc. .a formal community dinner.

jm8u& /Ô\m.¯u~/ <Ô\.m\.¯u~> adj. .right.

jmvu& /Ô\m.vu~/ <Ô\.m\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

eat, 2. dine (formal).

jma /Ô\.ma/ adj. .<Ô\.ma> 1. of the

credit side 2. accumulated.

jma; /Ô\.ma.i/ <Ô\.ma.ii> masc. .a son-

in-law.

jmat /Ô\.mat/ <Ô\.ma.t\> fem. .a body of

monks.

jmadar /Ô\.ma.dar/ <Ô\.ma.da.r\> masc.

.a head of a small police unit.

jmano /Ô\.ma.no/ <Ô\.ma.no> masc. .an

age or era.

jmIn /Ô\.min/ <Ô\.mii.n\> fem. .land.

jr /Ô\r/ <Ô\.r\> neut. .wealth.

jr` /Ô\.r\k˙/ <Ô\.r\.kh\> neut. .a wild

animal.

jra /Ô\.ra/ <Ô\.ra> advb. .a little.

jldI ~ jLdI /Ô\l.di/ <Ô\.l\.dii> ~ <Ô\.ldii>

advb. .quickly.

jlso /Ô\l.so/ <Ô\.l\.so> masc. .a meeting

for entertainment.

jlebI /Ô\.le.bi/ <Ô\.le.bii> fem. .a kind of

sweet.

jLlad /Ô\l.lad/ <Ô\.lla.d\> masc. .an

executioner.

jv /Ô\v/ <Ô\.v\> masc. .barley.

jvLle /Ô\.v\l.le/ <Ô\.v\.lle> advb. .rarely.

jvab /Ô\.vab/ <Ô\.va.b\> masc. .answer.

jvu& /Ô\.vu~/ <Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to go.

j= /Ô\ß/ <Ô\.ß\> masc. .reputation.

jhaj /Ô\.haÔ/ <Ô\.ha.Ô\> neut. .a large

ship.

j&gl /Ô\˜.g\l/ <Ô\~.g\.l\> neut. .a forest.

j&tu /Ô\n.tu/ <Ô\~.tu~> neut. .an insect.

j&p /Ô\m.p\/ <Ô\~.p\> masc. ..ease 2.

peace.

jagr8 /Ôag.r\¯/ <Ôa.g\.r\.¯\> neut. .1.

sleeplessness 2. a religious vow of the

women.

jagvu& /Ôag.vu~/ <Ôa.g\.vu~> v.intr. .to

wake from sleep.

jajm /Ôa.Ô\m/ <Ôa.Ô\.m\> fem. .a carpet.

jajru& /ÔaÔ.ru~/ <Ôa.Ô\.ru~> neut. .a latrine.

jajrman /Ôa.Ô\r.man/ <Ôa.Ô\.r\.ma.n\>

adj. .glorious.

ja6a; /Ôa.Îai/ <Ôa.Îa.ii> fem. .thickness.

ja6u& /Ôa.Îu~/ <Ôa.Îu~> adj. .1. fat 2. thick.

ja8 /Ôa¯/ <Ôa.¯\> fem. .information.

ja8vu& /Ôa¯.vu~/ <Ôa.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .to know.

ja8Itu& /Ôa.¯i.tu~/ <Ôa.¯ii.tu~> adj. .famous.

ja8e /Ôa.¯e/ <Ôa.¯e> advb. .as if.

jat /Ôat/ <Ôa.t\> fem. .1.a tribe 2. a caste

3. a community.

jatkma; /Ôat.k\.ma.i/ <Ôa.t\.k\.ma.ii>

fem. self-earned income.

jait /Ôa.ti/ <Ôa.ti> fem. .1. a caste 2. a

group 3. a community.

jatIy /Ôa.ti.j\/ <Ôa.tii.j\> adj. .sexual.

jate /Ôa.te/ <Ôa.te> advb. .personally.

ja{aa /Ôat.ra/ <Ôa.tra> fem. .a pilgrim.

jadu /Ôa.du/ <Ôa.du> masc. .a magic.

jan /Ôan/ <Ôa.n\> fem. .a marriage party

of the bridegroom.

jan /Ôan/ <Ôa.n\> masc. .the jiva (life).

janmal /Ôan.mal/ <Ôa.n\.ma.l\> masc.

.life and property.

janvr /Ôan.v\r/ <Ôa.n\.v\.r\> neut. .an

animal.

janEyo /Ôa.n\i.jo/ <Ôa.n\i.jo> masc. .a

member of the bride groom’s marriage

party.

jap /Ôap/ <Ôa.p\> masc. .recitation.

jam /Ôam/ <Ôa.m\> masc. .a glass.

jamfX /Ôam.p\Æ/ <Ôa.m\.ph\.Æ\> neut. .a

guava.

jamvu& /Ôam.vu~/ <Ôa.m\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

be solidify 2. to congeal 3. to get

assembled.

jamIn /Ôa.min/ <Ôa.mii.n\> masc. .a

surety.

javk /Ôa.v\k/ <Ôa.v\.k\> fem. .being

dispatched.

jasUs /Ôa.sus/ <Ôa.suu.s\> masc. .1. a

spy 2. a detective 3. a secret agent.

jaso /Ôa.so/ <Ôa.so> masc. .a threatening

letter written anonymously.

jaher /Ôa.her/ <Ôa.he.r\> adj. .1. open 2.

public.

jaherat /Ôa.he.rat/ <Ôa.he.ra.t\> fem.

.1.an advertisement 2. a notification 3.

an announcement.

jaX /ÔaÆ/ <Ôa.Æ\> fem. .a net of a hunter

or a fisherman.

jaXv8I /Ôa.Æ\v.¯i/ <Ôa.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem.

.preservation.

jaiXyu& /Ôa.Æi.ju~/ <Ôa.Æi.ju~> neut. .a kind of

ventilator.

ja&3 /Ôa~˜.g\/ <Ôa~.gh\> fem. .the thigh.

ja&bu /Ôa~m.bu/ <Ôa~.bu> neut. .a kind of

berry.

ij@ivqa /Ôi.Ôi.vi.ßa/ <Ôi.Ôii.vi.s°a> fem. .a

desire for life.

ij}aasa /Ôi.gna.sa/ <Ôi.gna.sa> fem.

.curiosity.

ijd /Ôid/ <Ôi.d\> fem. .obstinacy.

ij¥I /Ôid.di/ <Ôi.ddii> adj. obstinate.

ijLlo /Ôil.lo/ <Ôi.llo> masc. .a district.

ij&dgI /Ôind.gi/ <Ôii~.d\.gii> fem. .life.

@t /Ôit/ <Ôii.t\> fem. .victory.

@tvu& /Ôit.vu~/ <Ôii.t\.vu~> v.intr. .to win.

@n /Ôin/ <Ôii.n\> neut. .a kind of ghost.

@n /Ôin/ <Ôii.n\> neut. .a saddle.

@- /Ôi.b˙/ <Ôii.bh\> fem. .the tongue.

@-ajo6I /Ôi.b˙a.Ôo.Îi/ <Ôii.bha.Ôo.Îii>

fem. .a quarrel.

@rvvu& /Ôi.r\v.vu~/ <Ôii.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to

digest.

@ru& /Ôi.ru~/ <Ôii.ru~> neut. .cumin seed.

@v /Ôiv/ <Ôii.v\> masc. .embodied soul.

@vj&tu& /Ôiv.Ô\n.tu~/ <Ôii.v\.Ô\~.tu~> neut.

.insects.

@v6u& /Ôiv.Îu~/ <Ôii.v\.Îu~> neut. .a small

insect.

@vtr /Ôiv.t\r/ <Ôii.v\.t\.r\> neut. .life.

@vtu& /Ôiv.tu~/ <Ôii.v\.tu~> adj. .living.

@vdya /Ôiv.d\.ja/ <Ôii.va.d\.ja> fem.

.kindness to all living beings.

@vn /Ôi.v\n/ <Ôii.v\.n\> neut. .life.

@vncir{a /Ôi.v\n.c\.rit.r\/

<Ôii.v\.n\.c\.ri.tr\> neut. .biography.

@v-xI /Ôiv.b˙\k.ßi/ <Ôii.v\.bh\.kshii>

adj. . carnivorous.

@vle8 /Ôiv.le¯/ <Ôii.v\.le.¯\> adj. .fatal.

@vvu& /Ôiv.vu~/ <Ôii.v\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to be

alive 2. to exist.

@vs4os4 /Ôiv.s\.ˇo.s\ˇ/

<Ôii.v\.s\.ˇo.s\.ˇ\> advb. .at the risk of

the life.

@va8u& /Ôi.va.¯u~/ <Ôii.va.¯u~> masc. .a

bacterium.

@vat /Ôi.vat/ <Ôii.va.t\> fem. .insects.

@vaTma /Ôi.vat.ma/ <Ôii.va.tma> masc.

.embodied soul.

jugl /Ôu.g\l/ <Ôu.g\.l\> neut. .1. a pair

2. a couplet.

jugar /Ôu.gar/ <Ôu.ga.r\> masc.

.gambling.

jugarI /Ôu.ga.ri/ <Ôu.ga.rii> masc. .a

gambler.

juguPsa /Ôu.gup.sa/ <Ôu.gu.psa> fem.

.nausea.

ju5\5u /Ôuˇ˙.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôu.ˇhˇhu~> adj. .lie.

juda; /Ôu.da.i/ <Ôu.da.ii> fem.

.separation.

ju\du& /Ôu.du~/ <Ôu.du~> adj. .separate.

junva8I /Ôun.va.ni/ <Ôu.n\.va.¯ii> adj.

.orthodox.

jubanI /Ôu.ba.ni/ <Ôu.ba.nii> fem. .oral

testimony.

jumlo /Ôum.lo/ <Ôu.m\.lo> masc. .total

Ex. total runs in criket.

julab /Ôu.lab/ <Ôu.la.b\> masc.. laxative.

juvar /Ôu.var/ <Ôu.va.r\> fem. .a kind of

corn.

juSso /Ôus.so/ <Ôu.sso> masc. .energy.

jU /Ôu/ <Ôuu> fem. .a louse.

jU; /Ôu.i/ <Ôu.ii> fem. .a kind of flower

plant.

jUj /ÔuÔ/ <Ôuu.Ô\> adj. .little.

jU5 /Ôuˇ˙/ <Ôu.ˇh\> neut. .a lie.

jU5u& /Ôu.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôu.ˇhu~> adj. .untrue.

jU5u& /Ôu.ˇ˙u~/ <Ôhu.ˇhu~> adj. .the left out

food.

jU9 /Ôut˙/ <Ôuu.th\> neut. .a group.

jUnu& /Ôu.nu~/ <Ôuu.nu~> adj. .old.

je5 /Ôeˇ˙/ <Ôe.ˇh\> masc. .the eight month

of Vikram samvat.

je5 /Ôeˇ˙/ <Ôe.ˇh\> masc. .the husband’s

elder brother.

je5a8I /Ôe.ˇ˙a.¯i/ <Ôe.ˇha.¯ii> fem. .the

husband’s elder brother’s wife.

jel /Ôel/ <Ôe.l\> fem. .jail.

jev6u& /Ôev.Îu~/ <Ôe.v\.Îu~> adj. .as large

as.

jevu& /Ôe.vu~/ <Ôe.vu~> adj. .similar.

jehad /Ôe.had/ <Ôe.ha.d\> fem. .a

crusade.

jEn /Ôain/ <Ô\i.n\> masc. .a Jain.

jEn /Ô\in/ <Ô\i.n\> masc. .Jain religion.

jEn /Ô\in/ <Ô\i.n\> adj. .pertaining to

Jain

religion.

jo /Ôo/ <Ôo> advb. .1. if 2. provided that.

jo;Ý /Ôoi-/ <Ôo.ii> v.dat.. to need. (the

only verb in Gujarati which does not

have infinitive -vu&).

jo`m /Ôo.k˙\m/ <Ôo.kh\.m\> neut. .risk.

jo`mavu& /Ôo.k˙\.ma.vu~/ <Ôo.kh\.ma.vu~>

v.intr. .to be at risk.

jo`vu& /Ôok˙.vu~/ <Ôo.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .to

weigh.

jogva; /Ôog.va.i/ <Ôo.g\.va.ii> fem.

.provision.

joganu&jog /Ôo.ga.nu~.Ôog/ <Ôo.ga.nu.Ôo.g\>

advb. . incidentally.

jogI /Ôo.gi/ <Ôo.gii> masc. .a sadhu.

jo6 /ÔoÎ/ <Ôo.Î\> fem. .a pair.

jo68I /ÔoÎ.¯i/ <Ôo.Î\.¯ii> fem. .spelling.

jo68Iko= /ÔoÎ.¯i.koß/ <Ôo.Î\.¯ii.ko.ß\>

masc. . spelling dictionary.

jo6vu& /ÔoÎ.vu~/ <Ôo.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

connect 2. to join.

jo6axr /Ôo.Îa.kß\r/ <Ôo.Îa.kß\.r\> masc.

.a conjunct consonant.

jo6ajo6 /Ôo.Îa.ÔoÎ/ <Ôo.Îa.Ôo.Î\> advb.

.side by side.

jo6a8 /Ôo.Îa¯/ <Ôo.Îa.¯\> neut. .1. a

connection 2. a joint.

jo6Iyu& /Ôo.Îi.ju~/ <Ôo.Îii.ju~> adj. .twin.

jo6I /Ôo.Îi/ <Ôo.Îii> fem. .a pair.

jo6o /Ôo.Îo/ <Ôo.Îo> masc. .a shoe.

jor /Ôor/ <Ôo.r\> neut. .strength.

jovu& /Ôo.vu~/ <Ôo.vu~> v.tr. .to look.

jyar9I /Ôjar.t˙i/ <Ôja.r\.thii> advb. .since.

jyare /Ôja.re/ <Ôja.re> advb. .when.

jya& /Ôja~/ <Ôja~> advb. .where.

jyot /Ôjot/ <Ôjo.t\> fem. .a flame.

jyoitqI /Ôjo.ti.ßi/ <Ôjo.ti.s°ii> masc. .an

astrologer.

jvaXamu`I /Ôva.Æa.mu.k˙i/

<Ôva.Æa.mu.khii> masc. .a volcano.

zgmgvu& /Ô˙\g.m\g.vu~/

<Ôh\.g\.m\.g\.vu~> v.intr. to glitter.

zgmga4 /Ô˙\g.m\.gaˇ/ <Ôh\.g\.m\.ga.ˇ\>

masc. . glaring light.

z36a`or /Ô˙\g.Îa.k˙or/

<Ôh\.g\.Îa.kho.r\> adj. . quarrelsome.

z36az36I /Ô˙\g.Îa.Ô˙\g.Îi/

<Ôh\.g\.Îa.Ôh\.g\.Îii> fem. quarreling.

z36o /Ô˙\g.Îo/ <Ôh\.gh\.Îo> masc. .a

quarrel.

zzUmvu& /Ô˙\.Ô˙um.vu~/ <Ôh\.Ôhuu.m\.vu~>

v.intr. .1. to hand over 2. to struggle on.

z4 /Ô˙\ˇ/ <Ôh\.ˇ\> advb. .quickly.

z4kvu& /Ô˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr.

.to jerk.

z4ko /Ô˙\ˇ.ko/ <Ô\.ˇ\.ko> masc. .a sharp

blow.

z4p4 /Ô˙\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <Ôh\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.

.hurriedly.

z6tI /Ô˙\Î.ti/ <Ôh\.Î\.tii> fem. .a

confiscation.

z6p /Ô˙\.Î\p/ <Ôh\.Î\.p\> fem. .speed.

z6pvu& /Ô˙\.Î\p.vu~/ <Ôh\.Î\.p\.vu~> v.tr.

.to seize.

z6pI /Ô˙\Î.pi/ <Ôh\.Î\.pii> adj. .speedy.

z8z8 /Ô˙\¯.Ô˙\¯/ <Ôh\.¯\.Ôh\.¯\>

masc. .a tinkling sound.

zpazpI /Ô˙\.pa.Ô˙\.pi/ <Ôh\.pa.Ôh\.pii>

fem. .a scuffle.

zbkvu& /Ô˙\.b\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.b\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. .1. to flash 2.to twinkle.

zbkaro /Ô˙\b.ka.ro/ <Ôh\.b\.ka.ro> masc.

.a flash of light.

zbkoXvu& /Ô˙\b.koÆ.vu~/ <Ôh\.b\.ko.Æ\.vu~>

v.tr. .to soak in a liquid.

zbUkvu& /Ô˙\.buk.vu~/ <Ôh\.buu.k\.vu~>

v.intr.

1. to flash 2. to twinkle.

z-lu& /Ô˙\.b˙lu~/ <Ôh\.bh\.lu~> neut. .a

child’s frock.

z_-o /Ô˙\.b˙b˙o/ <Ôh\.bhbho> masc. .a

long loose gown.

zmvu& /Ô˙\m.vu~/ <Ôh\.m\.vu~> v.intr. .to

ooze.

zr8u& /Ô˙\r.¯u~/ neut. .1. a stream 2. a

rivulet.

zrmr /Ô˙\r.m\r/ <Ô\.r\.m\.r\> advb. .a

type of slow rain.

zrvu& /Ô˙\r.vu~/ <Ôh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to

dribble.

zru`o /Ô˙\.ru.k˙o/ <Ôh\.ru.kho> masc. .a

balcony.

zro /Ô˙\.ro/ <Ôh\.ro> masc. .a stream.

zverat /Ô˙\.ve.rat/ neut. .jewelry.

zXkvu& /Ô˙\.Æ\k.vu~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.to shine.

zXzXIya& /Ô˙\Æ.Ô˙\Æ.i.ja~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.Ôh\.Æii.ja~>

neut. pl.. tears welled up in the eyes.

zXu&zXu& /Ô˙\.Æu~.Ô˙.Æu~/ <Ôh\.Æu~.Ôh\.Æu~> neut.

.twilight.

zXhXvu& /Ô˙\Æ.h\Æ.vu~/ <Ôh\.Æ\.h\.Æ\.vu~>

v.intr. .to shine brightly.

z&`na /Ô˙\˜.k˙\.na/ <Ôh\~.kh\.na> fem.

.an intense desire.

z&`vavu& /Ô˙\˜k˙.va.vu~/ <Ôh\~.kh\.va.vu~>

v.intr. .to be crestfallen.

z&`vu& /Ô˙\˜k˙.vu~/ <Ôh\~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. .to

desire something eagerly.

z&z4 /Ô˙\µ.Ô˙\ˇ/ <Ôh\~.Ôh\.ˇ\> fem.

.useless discussion.

z&zavat /Ô˙\µ.Ô˙a.vat/ <Ôh\~.Ôha.va.t\>

masc. .a cyclone.

z&6o /Ô\.¯Îo/ <Ôh\~.Îo> masc. .a flag.

z&plavvu& /Ô˙\mp.lav.vu~/

<Ôh\~.p\.la.v\.vu~> v.intr. .to start some

work without considering risk factors.

zakX /Ô˙a.k\/ <Ôha.k\.Æ\> fem. .dew.

zazu& /Ô˙a.Ô˙u~/ <Ôha.Ôhu~> adj. .plentiful.

za4kvu& /Ô˙a.ˇ\k.vu~/ <Ôha.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to winnow 2. to scold.

za6 /Ô˙aÎ/ <Ôha.Î\> neut. .a tree.

za6vu& /Ô˙aÎ.vu~/ <Ôha.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

clean by sweeping.

za6I /Ô˙a.Îi/ <Ôha.Îii> fem. .a dense

bush.

za6u& /Ô˙a.Îu~/ <Ôha.Îu~> neut. .a broom.

za6o /Ô˙a.Îo/ <Ôha.Îo> masc. .excretion.

zap4vu& /Ô˙a.p\ˇ.vu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇ.vu~> v.tr. .to

clean by striking a piece of cloth.

zap4vu& /Ô˙a.p\ˇ.vu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.

.to eat speedily.

zap4u& /Ô˙ap.ˇu~/ <Ôha.p\.ˇu~> neut. .a

sudden rain that comes for a short time.

zar8 /Ô˙a.r\¯/ <Ôha.r\.¯\> neut. .solder.

zarvu& /Ô˙ar.vu~/ <Ôha.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

solder.

zalr /Ô˙a.l\r/ <Ôha.l\.r\> masc. .a kind

of pulse.

zalvu& /Ô˙al.vu~/ <Ôha.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to hold

with hands.

zaX /Ô˙aÆ/ <Ôha.Æ\> fem. .a flame (of

fire).

za&`ru& /Ô˙a~k˙.ru~/ <Ôa~.kh\.ru~> neut. .a

thorny shrub.

za&zr /Ô˙a~.Ô\r/ <Ôha~.Ôh\.r\> neut. .a

jingling anklet.

za&zrI /Ô˙a~Ô˙.ri/ <Ôha~.Ôh\.rii> fem. .a

jingling anklet for children.

za&po /Ô˙a~.po/ <Ôha~.po> masc. .a gate.

zI8u& /Ô˙i.¯u~/ <Ôhii.¯u~> adj. .small (in

size).

zIlvu& /Ô˙il.vu~/ <Ôii.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to catch.

zUkvu& /Ô˙uk.vu~/ <Ôhuu.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to

bow.

zUzvu& /Ô˙uÔ˙.vu~/ <Ôhuu.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. .to

fight desperately.

zU&4vvu& /Ô˙u~.ˇ\v.vu~/ <Ôhu~.ˇ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to snatch.

zU6vu& /Ô˙uÎ.vu~/ <Ôhuu.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

thrash.

zU6I /Ô˙u.Îi/ <Ôhuu.Îii> fem. .a small

bunch or bundle.

zU6o /Ô˙u.Îo/ <Ôuu.Îo> masc. .a big

bunch or bundle.

zu&be= /Ô˙um.beß/ <Ôhu~.be.ß\> fem. .a

movement.

zUmvu& /Ô˙um.vu~/ <Ôuu.m].vu~> v.intr. .to

hand over.

zUrvu& /Ô˙ur.vu~/ <Ôhuu.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to

grieve for some thing or some person.

zUlvu& /Ô˙ul.vu~/ <Ôuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to

swing.

zulavvu& /Ô˙u.lav.vu~/ <Ôhu.la.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to swing 2. to rock.

zU&p6u& /Ô˙u~p.Îu~/ <Ôhu~.p\.Îu~> neut. .a hut.

zer /Ô˙er/ <Ôhe.r\> neut. .poison.

zerI /Ô˙e.ri/ <Ôhe.rii> adj. .poisonous.

zerIlu& /Ô˙e.ri.lu~/ <Ôhe.rii.lu~> adj.

.1.jealous 2. envious.

zokvu& /Ô˙ok.vu~/ <Ôho.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to

doze.

zoku& /Ô˙o.ku~/ <Ôho.ku~> neut. .a dozing.

4kvu& /ˇ\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

survive 2. to last.

4kaw /ˇ\.ka.u/ <ˇ\.ka.u> adj. ..durable 2.

lasting.

4kavarI /ˇ\.ka.va.ri/ <ˇ\.ka.va.rii> fem.

.percentage.

4ko /ˇ\.ko/ <ˇ\.ko> masc. .percentage.

4kor /ˇ\.kor/ <ˇ\.ko.r\> fem. .1. a

suggestion, 2. a mild scolding.

4korvu& /ˇ\.kor.vu~/ <ˇ\.ko.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to suggest 2. to scold mildly.

4k\kr /ˇ\k.k\r/ <ˇ\.kk\.r\> fem. .1. a

collision 2. a resistance.

4ko /t\.ko/ <ˇ\.ko> masc. .a shaved off

head.

4gr 4gr /ˇ\.g\r ˇ\.g\r/

<ˇ\.g\.r\.ˇ\.g\.r\> advb. . with a fixed

gaze.

4gumgu /ˇ\.gu.m\.gu/ <ˇ\.gu.m\.gu>

advb. .1. shaking 2. shaking.

4ckavvu& /ˇ\c.kav.vu~/ <ˇ\.c\.ka.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .to cut with a stroke.

4cko /ˇ\c.ko/ <ˇ\.c\.ko> masc. .a mild

stroke to cut a piece of wood.

4clI /ˇ\c.li/ <ˇ\.c\.lii> fem. .the last

finger.

4cUk6u& /ˇ\.cuk.Îu~/ <ˇ\.cuu.k\.Îu~> adj.

.very small.

44ar /ˇ\.ˇar/ <ˇ\.ˇa.r\> adj. .stiff.

44\4u /ˇ\ˇ.ˇu/ <ˇ\.ˇˇu> neut. .1. a pony 2. a

lean horse.

4pkvu& /ˇ\.p\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.p\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.to drip.

4pkavvu& /t\p.kav.vu~/ <ˇ\.p\.ka.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to write down briefly 2. to copy

out.

4pku& /ˇ\p.ku~/ <ˇ\.p\.ku~> neut. .1. a drop

2. a dot.

4p4p /ˇ\p.ˇ\p/ <ˇ\.p\.ˇ\.p\> advb. .to

prattle.

4p/lI /ˇ\p.li/ <ˇ\.p\.lii> fem. .1. a light

stroke with a finger 2. a light slap.

4po4p /ˇ\.po.ˇ\p/ <ˇ\.po.ˇ\.p\> advb.

.one by one.

4pa4pI /ˇ\.pa.ˇ\.pi/ <ˇ\.pa.ˇ\.pii> fem. .a

hot exchange of words.

4parvu& /ˇ\.par.vu~/ <ˇ\.pa.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

warn in a mild language.

4pal /ˇ\.pal/ <ˇ\.pa.l\> fem. .1. post 2.

mail.

4palI /ˇ\.pa.li/ <ˇ\.pa.lii> masc. .a

postman.

4bUk6u& /ˇ\.buk.Îu~/ <ˇ\.bu.k\.Îu~> adj. .a

very small.

4mkvu& /ˇ\.m\k.vu~/ <ˇ\.m\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.to twinkle slowly.

4hU&ko /ˇ\.hu~.ko/ <ˇ\.huu~.ko> masc. .a

bird’s cooing.

4XvXvu& /ˇ\Æ.v\Æ.vu~/ <ˇ\.Æ\.v\.Æ\.vu~>

v.intr. .to wail.

4Xvu& /ˇ\Æ.vu~/ <ˇ\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

removed.

4&k=aX /t\˜.k\.ßaÆ/ <ˇ\~.k\.ßa.Æ\> fem. .a

mint.

4&4o /ˇ\¯.ˇo/ <ˇ\~.ˇo> masc. .a quarrel.

4a7 /ˇaÎ˙/ <ˇa.Îh\> fem. .cold.

4a7u& /ˇa.Î˙u~/ <ˇa.Îhu~> adj. .1. cold 2.

stale.

4a8u& /ˇa.¯u~/ <ˇa.¯u~> neut. .occasion.

4ap4Ip /ˇap.ˇip/ <ˇa.p\.ˇii.p\> fem. .an

external pomp.

4apu /ˇa.pu/ <ˇa.pu> masc. .an island.

4al /ˇal/ <ˇa.l\> fem. .baldness.

4aXvu& /ˇaÆ.vu~/ <ˇa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to avoid

2. to avert.

4a&k8I /ˇa~k.¯i/ <ˇa~.k\.¯ii> fem. .a pin.

4a&kvu& /ˇa~k.vu~/ <ˇa~.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to chisel.

4a&kI /ˇa~.ki/ <ˇa~.kii> fem. .a tank (of some

liquid).

4a&ko /ˇa~.ko/ <ˇa~.ko> masc. .a stitch.

4a&g /ˇa~˜g/ <ˇa~.g\> fem. .a leg

(derogatory use).

4a&gvu& /ˇa~˜g.vu~/ <ˇa~.g\.vu> v.tr. .to hang.

4a&c8 /ˇa~.c\¯/ <ˇa~.c\.¯\> neut. .a short

note.

4a&i4yo /ˇa~.ˇi.jo/ <ˇa~.ˇi.jo> masc. .a leg

(derogatory).

i4cavu& /ˇi.ca.vu~/ <ˇi.ca.vu~> v.intr. .1.to be

collided 2. to run errands vainly.

i44o6I /ˇi.ˇo.Îi/ <ˇi.ˇo.Îii> fem. .a kind of

bird.

i4Pp8I /ˇip.p\.¯i/ <ˇi.pp\.¯ii> fem. .a

commentary.

4Ik6I /ˇik.Îi/ <ˇi.k\.Îii> fem. .a pill.

4Ika /ˇi.ka/ <ˇii.ka> fem. .criticism.

4I`X /ˇi.k˙\/ <ˇii.kh\.Æ\> neut. .a quip.

4Icvu& /ˇic.vu~/ <ˇii.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to forge.

4Ipvu& /ˇip.vu~/ <ˇii.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to strike.

4Ipu& /ˇi.pu~/ <ˇii.pu~> neut. .a drop.

4Il6I /ˇil.Îi/ <ˇii.l\.Îii> fem. .a small

mark on the forehead.

4IlI /ˇi.li/ <ˇi.li> fem. .a blot of disgrace.

4I&6oru& /ˇi¯.Îo.ru~/ <ˇi.Îo.ru~> neut. .a kind

of vegetable.

4uk6I /ˇuk.Îi/ <ˇuu.k\.Îii> fem. .a team.

4uk6o /ˇuk.Îo/ <ˇu.k\.Îo> masc. .a piece.

4Ucko /ˇuc.ko/ <ˇu.c\.ko> masc. .1. a

black art 2. a joke.

4uval /ˇu.val/ <ˇu.vo> masc. .a towel.

4U&kavvu& /ˇu~.kav.vu~/ <ˇu~.ka.v\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to shorten 2. to abridge.

4U&pvu& /ˇu~p.vu~/ <ˇu~.p\.vu~> v.tr. .to

remove grass.

4U&po /ˇu~.po/ <ˇu~.po.> masc. .a strangling.

4ekrI /ˇek.ri/ <ˇe.k\.rii> fem. .a hill.

4ekvvu& /ˇe.k\v.vu~/ <ˇe.k\v.vu~> v.tr. .to

prop.

4ekvu& /ˇek.vu~/ <ˇe.k\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

lean on 2. to be propped.

4eko /ˇe.ko/ <ˇe.ko> masc. .1. a support 2.

a prop.

4ervu& /ˇer.vu~/ <ˇe.r\.vu~> neut. .a tip (of

finger).

4ev /ˇev/ <ˇe.v]> fem. .a habit.

4evavu& /ˇe.va.vu~/ <ˇe.va.vu~> v.intr. .to be

acquainted with.

4okvu& /ˇok.vu~/ <ˇ\.ko.vu~> v.tr. .to blame

a person for his or her fault.

4oc /ˇoc/ <ˇo.c\> fem. .1. a peak 2. a top

part.

4ocvu& /ˇoc.vu~/ <ˇo.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to prick.

4oplI /ˇop.li/ <ˇo.p\.lii> fem. .a small

basket.

4oplo /ˇop.lo/ <ˇo.p\.lo> masc. .a big

basket.

4opI /ˇo.pi/ <ˇo.pii> fem. .a cap.

4opo /ˇo.po/ <ˇo.po> masc. .a hat.

4oXkI /ˇoÆ.ki/ <ˇo.Æ\.kii> fem. .a gang.

4oXI /ˇo.Æi/ <ˇo.Æii> fem. .a small group.

4oXu& /ˇo.Æu~/ <ˇo.Æu~> neut. .a crowd.

5g /ˇ˙\g/ <ˇh\.g\> masc. . a cheat.

5gvu& /ˇ˙\g.vu~/ <ˇh\.g\.vu~> v.tr. .to

cheat.

5ga; /ˇ˙\.ga.i/ <ˇh\.ga.ii> fem. .cheating.

5garu& /ˇ˙\.ga.ru~/ <ˇh\.ga.ru~> adj.

deceitful.

5p/ko /ˇ˙\p.ko/ <ˇh\.p\.ko> masc. .a

scolding.

5rvu& /ˇ˙\r.vu~/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to

become cold.

5rvu& /ˇ˙\r.vu~/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

stabilized.

5rav /ˇ˙\.rav/ <ˇh\.r\.vu~> masc. .1.a

proposal 2. a resolution.

5ravvu& /ˇ˙\.rav.vu~/ <ˇh\.ra.v\.vu~>

v.tr..1. to fix 2. to decide.

5rel /ˇ˙\.rel/ <ˇh\.re.l\> adj. .1.cool-

minded 2. wise.

5lvavu& /ˇ˙\l.va.vu~/ <ˇh\.l\.va.vu~> v.intr.

.to be emptied.

5svu& /ˇ˙\s.vu~/ <ˇh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

convinced.

5so5s /ˇ˙\.so.ˇ˙\s/ <ˇh\.so.th\.s\> advb.

full to the mouth.

5iXyo /ˇ˙\.Æi.jo/ <ˇh\.Æi.jo> masc. .the

stone of a fruit.

5&6k /ˇ˙\¯.Î\k/ <ˇh\~.Î\.k\> fem.

.coldness.

5&6I /ˇ˙\¯.Îi/ <ˇh\~.Îii> fem. .cold.

5&6u& /t˙\¯.Îu~/ <ˇh\~.Îu~> adj. .cold.

5akor /ˇ˙a.kor/ <ˇha.ko.r\> masc. .a

community.

5akor@ /ˇ˙a.kor.Ôi/ <ˇha.ko.r\.Ôii> masc.

.a name of Lord Vishnu.

5a5 /ˇ˙aˇ˙/ <ˇha.ˇh\> masc. .pomp.

5a56I /ˇ˙aˇ˙.Îi/ <ˇha.ˇh\.Îii> fem. .a

funeral bier.

5arvu& /ˇ˙ar.vu~/ <ˇha.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

cool 2. to freeze 3. to pacify.

5alvvu& /ˇ˙a.l\v.vu~/ <ˇha.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to empty.

5alu& /ˇ˙a.lu~/ <ˇha.lu~> adj. empty.

5avku& /ˇ˙av.ku~/ <ˇha.v\.ku~> adj. .1.

serious 2. cool-minded.

5a&svu& /ˇ˙a~s.vu~/ <ˇha~.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to fill

closely.

5Ik /ˇ˙ik/ <ˇhii.k\> advb. .1. o.k. 2.

suitable.

5I&gravu& /ˇ˙i˜g.ra.vu~/ <ˇhi~.g\.ra.vu~>

v.intr. .to suffer heavy cold.

5U&5vavu& /ˇ˙u~ˇ˙.va.vu~/ <ˇhu~.ˇh\.va.vu~>

v.intr. .to be troubled by heavy cold.

5U&5u& /ˇ˙u~.ˇ˙u~/ <ˇhu~.ˇhu~> neut. .1. the

stump of a tree 2. a stump of cigarette

etc.

5ek6I /ˇ˙ek.Îi/ <ˇhe.k\.Îii> fem.

.mockery.

5ek5eka8e /ˇ˙ek.ˇ˙e.ka.¯e/

<ˇhe.k\.ˇhe.ka.¯e> advb. . everywhere.

5ek6o /ˇ˙ek.Îo/ <ˇhe.k\.Îo> masc. .a

jump.

5ekvu& /ˇ˙ek.vu~/ <ˇhe.k\.vu~> v.intr. .to

jump or peap over.

5eka8u& /t˙e.ka.¯u~/ <ˇhe.ka.¯u~> neut. .1.an

address 2. a place 3. a location.

5er 5er /ˇ˙er.ˇ˙er/ <ˇhe.r\.ˇhe.r\> advb.

everywhere.

5ervvu& /ˇ˙e.r\v.vu~/ <ˇhe.r\.v\.vu~> v.intr.

.to fix the price.

5elvu& /ˇ˙el.vu~/ <ˇhe.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to puch

forward.

5elo /ˇ˙e.lo/ <ˇhe.lo> masc. .a puch.

5e= /ˇ˙eß/ <ˇhe.ß\> fem. .a light kick.

5okr /ˇ˙o.k\r/ <ˇho.k\.r\> fem. .a

stumbling.

5okvu& /ˇ˙ok.vu~/ <ˇho.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

strike against 2. to hammer.

5ok&5ok /ˇ˙o.k\m.ˇ˙ok/ <ˇho.k\~.ˇho.k\>

advb.

an act of striking repeatedly.

5o5 /ˇ˙oˇ˙/ <ˇho.ˇh\> adj. stupid.

5o&so /ˇ˙o~.so/ <ˇha~.so> masc. .a fist blow.

6`o /Î\.k˙o/ <Î\.kho> masc. .1.

confusion 2. a dispute 3. a quauurel.

6gmg /Î\g.m\g/ <Î\.g\.m\.g\> adj.

unstable.

6gmgvu& /Î\g.m\g.vu~/ <Î\.g\.m\.g\.vu~>

v.intr. .to become unstable.

6glu& /Î\g.lu~/ <Î\.g\.lu~> neut. .a jacket.

6glu& /Î\g.lu~/ <Î\.g\.lu~> neut. .a

footstep.

6glo /Î\g.lo/ <Î\.g\.lo> masc. .a coat.

6gvu& /Î\g.vu~/ <Î\.g\.vu~> v.intr. .to

become unstable.

6gXu& /Î\g.Æu~/ <Î\.g\.Æu~> neut. .1. a big

slice of fruit 2. a piece of wood.

63avu& /Î\.g˙a.vu~/ <Î\.gha.vu~> v.intr. .to

be stunned.

64\4o /Î\ˇ.ˇo/ <Î\.ˇˇo> masc. .a cork.

68kvu& /Î\.¯\k.vu~/ <Î\.¯\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.to roar.

6f8u& /Î\p˙.¯u~/ <Î\.ph\.¯u~> neut. .a

short thick staff.

6blu& /Î\b.lu~/ <Î\.b\.lu~> neut. .a tin

box.

6bI /Î\.bi/ <Î\.bii> fem. .a small

metalic, wooden or ivory box.

6bo /Î\.bo/ <Î\.bo> masc. .a large tin-

box.

6mro /Î\m.ro/ <Î\.m.ro> masc. .a kind

of fragrant plant.

6r /Î\r/ <Î\.r\> masc. .fear.

6rpok /Î\r.pok/ adj. . craven.

6rvu& /Î\r.vu~/ <Î\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to fear.

6ram8u& /Î\.ra.m\.¯u~/ <Î\.ra.m\.¯u~>

adj. . frightening.

6svu& /Î\s.vu~/ <Î\.s\.vu~> v.tr. .to bite

(of serpent etc).

6hap8 /Î\.ha.p\¯/ <Î\.ha.p\.¯\> neut.

wisdom.

6hoXvu& /Î\.hoÆ.vu~/ <Î\.ho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

.to dirty liquid by shaking.

6hoXu& /Î\.ho.Æu~/ <Î\.ho.Æu~> adj. .dirty

(water).

6&` /Î\¯.k˙\/ <Î\~.kh\> masc. .a sting.

6&`vu& /Î\˜k˙.vu~/ <Î\~.kh\.vu~> v.intr. .to

sting.

6&`Ilu& /Î\¯.k˙i.lu~/ <Î\~.khii.lu~> adj.

vindictive.

6&fa= /Î\m.p˙aß/ <Î\~.pha.ß\> fem.

boastfulness.

6ak8 /Îa.k\¯/ <Îa.k\.¯\> fem. .a witch.

6aku /Îa.ku/ <Îa.ku> masc. .robber.

6a3 /Îag˙/ <Îa.gh\> masc. .1. a blot 2. a

stain 3. a spot.

6ai3yu& /Îa.g˙i.ju~/ <Îa.ghi.ju~> adj. .wild

(usually used to modify a dog.).

6a3u& /Îa.g˙u/ <Îa.ghu~> masc. pl..a

member of a funeral procession.

6a3o /Îa.g˙o/ <Îa.gho> masc. .a spot.

6acu& /Îa.cu~/ <Îa.cu~> neut. .the mouth

(derogatory).

6abu& /Îa.bu~/ <Îa.bu~> adj. .left.

6aberI /Îa.be.ri/ <Îa.be.rii> adj. .leftist.

6abo6I /Îa.bo.Îi/ <Îa.bo.Îii> adj. .left-

handed.

6am /Îam/ <Îa.m\> masc. .a burn given

as a part of a ritual or a custom.

6amvu& /Îam.vu~/ <Îa.m\.vu~> v.tr. .to

give a burn as a part of a ritual or a

custom.

6ama6oX /Îa.ma.ÎoÆ/ <Îa.ma.Îo.Æ\> adj.

.1. unsteady 2. chaotic.

6aX /ÎaÆ/ <Îa.Æ\> fem. .a branch of a

tree.

6a&`XI /Îø~k˙.Æi/ <Îa~.kh\.Æii> fem. .1. a

tender offshoot 2. a thin branch.

6a&gr /Îa~.g\r/ <Îa~.g\.r\> fem. .peddy.

6a&6 /Îa~Î/ <Îa~.Î\> adj. .1. shameless 2.

bullying.

6a&i6yo /Îa~.Îi.jo/ <Îa~..jo> masc. .1. a

drumstick 2. a small stick used to play a

Raas - a kind of collective dance.

6a&6I /Îa~¯.Îi/ <Îa~.Îii> fem. .a small thin

stick.

6uk\kr /Îuk.k\r/ <Îu.kk\.r\> neut. .a

pig.

6U&gr /Îu˜.g\r/ <Îuu~.g\.r\> masc. .a

small mountain.

6&ugraX /Îu˜g.raÆ/ <Îuu~.g\.ra.Æ\> adj.

mountainous.

6u&grI /Îu˜g.ri/ <Îu~.g\.rii> fem. .a hill.

6u&gXI /Îu˜g.Æi/ <Îu~.g\.Æii> fem. .an

onion.

6Uco /Îu.co/ <Îuu.co> masc. .a roll of

rags or papers.

6UbkI /Îub.ki/ <Îuu.b\.kii> fem. .a dive.

6Ubvu& /Îub.vu~/ <Îu.b\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

sink 2. to drown.

6Umo /Îu.mo/ <Îu.mo> masc.

.suffocation caused by sobbing.

6Usku& /Îus.ku~/ <Îu.s\.ku~> neut. .a sob.

6U&4I /Îu~.ˇi/ <Îuu~.ˇii> fem. .the navel.

6U&6U& /Îu¯.Îu~/ <Îuu~.Îuu~> neut. .an ear

of corn.

6ok /Îok/ <Îo.k\> fem. .the neck.

6oikyu& /Îo.ki.ju~/ <Îo.ki.ju~> neut. .a

glance.

6oku& /Îo.ku~/ <Îo.ku~> neut. .the head.

6o6o /Îo.Îo/ <Îo.Îo> masc. .a spike of

maize.

6obu& /Îo.bu~/ <Îo.bu~> neut. .a buffalo.

6obu& /Îo.bu~/ <Îo.bu~> adj. 1.dull 2.

stupid.

6ol /Îol/ <Îo.l\> fem. .a bucket.

6olvu& /Îol.vu~/ <Îo.l\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

swing 2. to oscillate.

6o=I /Îo.ßi/ <Îo.ßii> fem. .an old woman.

6oXo /Îo.Æo/ <Îo.Æo> masc. .the eyeball.

7glo /Î˙\g.lo/ <Îh\.g\.lo> masc. .1. a

pile 2. a heap.

7glab&0 /Î˙\g.la.b\nd˙/

<Îh\.g\.la.b\~.dh\> adj. . abundant.

7cupcu /Î˙\.cu.p\.cu/ <Îh\.cu.p\.chu>

advb. .1. wavering 2. hesitating.

7b /Î˙\b/ <Îh\.b\> fem. .1.a style 2. a

method.

7s6vu& /Î˙\.s\Î.vu~/ <Îh\.s\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.to drag.

7Xvu& /Î˙\.vu~/ <Îh\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

come out (of liquid) 2. to incline.

7&kavu& /Î˙\˜.ka.vu~/ <Îh\~.ka.vu~> v.intr.

.to be covered.

7&g /Î˙\˜g/ <Îh\~.g\> masc. .manners.

7&7ero /Î˙\¯.Î˙e.ro/ <Îh\~.Îhe.ro> masc.

proclamation.

7&7oXvu& /Î˙\¯.Î˙oÆ.vu~/ <Îh\~.Îho.Æ\.vu~>

v.tr. to shake soneone to awake him or

her.

7ak7oX /Î˙ak.Î˙oÆ/ <Îha.k\.Îho.Æ\>

masc. outward appearance.

7al /Î˙al/ <Îha.l\> fem. .a shield.

7aX /Î˙aÆ/ <Îha.l\> masc. .a slpoe.

7aXvu& /Î˙aÆ.vu~/ <Îha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .1.to

lower 2. to let incline downwards 3. to

mould with a die.

7a&k8 /Î˙a~.k\¯/ <Îha~.k\.¯\> neut. .a

cover.

7a&k8u& /Î˙a~k.¯u~/ <Îha~.k\.¯u~> neut. .a

cover.

7a&kvu& /Î˙a~k.vu~/ <Îha.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

cover 2. to shut with a lid.

7Il /Î˙il/ <Îhii.l\> fem. .a delay.

7Ilu& /Î˙i.lu~/ <Îhii.lu~> adj. .loose.

7I&glI /Î˙i˜g.li/ <Îhii~.g\.lii> fem. .a doll.

7I&c8 /Î˙i~.c\¯/ <Îhii~.c\.¯\> masc.

.knee.

7I&cvu& /Î˙i~c.vu~/ <Îhii~.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to

drink excessively.

7ebru& /Î˙eb.ru~/ <Îhe.b\.ru~> neut. .a food

item.

7okXI /Î˙ok.Æi/ <Îho.k\.Æii> fem. .a food

item.

7okXu& /Î˙ok.Æu~/ <Îho.k\.Æu~> neut. .a

food item.

7or /Î˙or/ <Îho.r\> neut. .cattle.

7ol /Î˙ol/ <Îho.Æ\> masc. .a kind of

drum.

7olI /Î˙o.li/ <Îho.lii> masc. .a drummer.

7oX /Î˙oÆ/ <Îho.Æ\> masc. .metal-

plating.

7oXvu& /Î˙oÆ.vu~/ <Îho.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to

spill.

7o&g /Î˙ø~˜.g\/ <Îho~.g\> masc. .1.false

show 2. disguise.

tk /t\k/ <t\.k\> fem. .opportunity.

tktkvu& /t\k.t\k.vu~/ <t\.k\.t\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to glitter.

tkrar /t\k.rar/ <t\.k\.ra.r\> fem. .a

quarrel.

tkladI /t\k.la.di/ <t\.k\.la.dii> adj.

.fragile.

tklIf /t\k.lip˙/ <t\.k\.lii.ph\> fem.

trouble.

tkIyo /t\.ki.jo/ <t\.kii.jo> masc. .a

pillow.

tkedarI /t\.ke.da.ri/ <t\.ke.da.rii> fem. .a

watch.

t`to /t\k˙.to/ <t\.kh\.to> masc. .the

stage.

tg6o /t\g.Îo/ <t\.g\.Îo> masc. .the

figure 3.

tgtgvu& /t\g.t\g.vu~/ <t\.g\.t\.g\.vu~>

v.intr. to glitter.

tgaru& /t\.ga.ru~/ <t\.ga.ru~> neut. .a broad

mouthed bucket.

tge6vu& /t\.geÎ.vu~/ <t\.ge.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .to

cause to run away.

tj /t\Ô/ <t\.Ô\> masc. .cinnamon.

tjvIj /t\Ô.viÔ/ <t\.Ô\.vii.Ô\> fem.

.planning.

tjvu& /t\Ô.vu~/ <t\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. .to

renounce.

tj}a /t\.Ô\.gn\/ <t\.Ô\.gn\> adj. .expert.

t4 /t\ˇ/ <t\.ˇ\> masc. .a shore.

t4S9 /t\.ˇ\s.t˙\/ <t\.ˇ\.sth\> adj.

.neutral.

t6 /t\Î/ <t\.Î\> fem. .a crack.

t6 /t\Î/ <t\.Î\> neut. .a subdivision of

a caste.

t6ko /t\Î.ko/ <t\.Î\.ko> masc.

.sunshine.

t6ko2a&y6o /ˇ\Î.ko.c˙a~j.Îo/

<t\.Î\.ko.cha~.j\.Îo> masc. .a cycle of

happiness and unhappiness.

t6kI.2a&y6I /ˇ\Î.ki.c˙a~j.Îi/

<t\.Î\.kii.cha~.j\.Îii> fem. ..a cycle of

happiness and unhappiness.

t6f6 /t\Î.p˙\Î/ <t\.Î\.ph\.Î\> advb.

instantly.

t6f6vu& /t\Î.p˙\Î.vu~/ <t\.Î\.ph\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. .to struggle hard hopelessly.

t6amar /t\.Îa.mar/ <t\.Îa.ma.r\> advb.

nonstop.

t8`lu& /t\.¯\.k˙\.lu~/ <t\.¯\.kh\.lu~>

neut. .a straw.

t8`o /t\¯.k˙o/ <t\.¯\.kho> masc. .a

spark.

t8avu& /t\.¯a.vu~/ <t\.¯a.vu~> v.intr. .to be

dragged.

ttkal /t\t.kal/ <t\.t\.ka.l\> advb. .at

once.

tt6avvu& /t\t.Îav.vu~/ <t\.t\.Îa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to rebuke.

t]v /t\t.v\/ <t\.tv\> neut. .an element.

t]v}aan /t\t.v\.gna.n\/ <t\.tv\.gna.n\>

neut. .philosphy.

t]v}aanI /t\t.v\.gna.ni/ <t\.tv\.gna.nii>

masc. .a philosopher.

t9a /t\.t˙a/ <t\.tha> conj.. and.

t9aip /t\.t˙a.pi/ <t\.tha.pi> advb. .even

then.

tdupra&t /t\.dup.ra~t/ <t\.d\.u.p\.ra~.t\>

advb. .1. in addition 2. moreover.

tn /t\n/ <t\.n\> neut. .the body

(human).

tp`Ir /t\p.k˙ir/ <t\.p\.khii.r\> fem.

.snuff.

tpvu& /t\p.vu~/ <t\.p\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to be

heated 2. to become angry.

tpas /t\.pas/ <t\.pa.s\> fem. .1.an

examination 2. a check up 3. an

investigation.

tpasvu& /t\.pas.vu~/ <t\.pa.s\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to examine 2. to investigate.

tpelI /t\.pe.li/ <t\.pe.lii> fem. .a

cooking vessel.

tf6&cI /t\p˙.Î\µ.ci/ <t\.ph\.Î\~.cii> fem.

1. misappropriation 2. theft 3.

plagiarism.

tf6avvu& /t\p˙.Îav.vu~/ <t\.ph\.Îa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .1. to misappropriate 2. to steal 3. to

plagiarize.

tfavt /t\.p˙a.v\t/ <t\.pha.v\.t\> masc.

.difference.

tbk\ko /t\.b\k.ko/ <t\.b\.kko> masc. .a

stage (in development).

tibyt /t\.bi.j\t/ <t\.bi.j\.t\> fem.

.health.

tbIb /t\.bib/ <t\.bii.b\> masc. .a

doctor.

tbelo /t\.be.lo/ <t\.be.lo> masc. .a

stable.

tmru& /t\m.ru~/ <t\.m\.ru~> neut. .cricket

(insect).

tm&co /t\.m\µ.co/ <t\.m\~.co> masc. .a

country made pistol.

tmaku& /t\.ma.ku~/ <t\.ma.ku~> fem.

.tobacco.

tmaco /t\.ma.co/ <t\.ma.co> masc. .a

slap.

tmam /t\.mam/ <t\.ma.m\> adj. .all.

tmaru& /t\.ma.ru~/ <t\.ma.ru~> adj. .yours.

tma=o /t\.ma.ßo/ <t\.ma.ßo> masc. .a

public show.

tme /t\.me/ <t\.me> pron.. you.

tr2o6vu& /t\r.c˙oÎ.vu~/ <t\.r\.cho.Î\.vu~>

v.tr. to renounce.

trt /t\.r\t/ <t\.r\.t\> advb. .. 1. at once

2. promptly.

trfe8 /t\r.p˙e¯/ <t\.r\.phe.¯\> fem.

.partiality.

trvra4 /t\r.v\.raˇ/ <t\.r\.v\.ra.ˇ\>

masc. .intense zeal.

trvu& /t\r.vu~/ <t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to swim.

trvu& /t\r.vu~/ <t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to float.

tr&g /t\.r\˜.g\/ masc. . <t\.r\~.g\> 1. a

ripple 2. imagination.

tr&gI /t\.r\˜.gi/ <t\.r\~.gi> adj.

.whimsical.

trap /t\.rap/ <t\.ra.p\> fem. .a sudden

attack.

trIke /t\.ri.ke/ <t\.rii.ke> advb. .in the

manner of.

tru8 /t\.ru¯/ <t\.ru.¯\> masc. .young.

tkR /t\r.k\/ <t\.rk\> masc. .1. an

inference 2. a hypothesis.

tkR=aS{a /t\r.k\.ßas.tr\/ <t\.rk\.ßa.str\>

neut. .logic.

tl /t\l/ <t\.l\> masc. .sesame.

tlp /t\.l\p/ <t\.l\.p\> fem. .a frenzied

desire.

tlpvu& /t\.l\p.vu~/ <t\.l\.p\.vu~> v.intr.

.to desire something or someone

intensely.

tlvar /t\l.var/ <t\.l\.va.r\> fem. .a

sward.

tlsa&kXI /t\l.sa~k.Æi/ <t\.l\.sa~.k\.Æii> fem.

.a kind of sweet made of sesame.

tvarI` /t\.va.rik˙/ <t\.va.rii.kh\> fem.

.a chronicle.

tsvIr /t\s.vir/ <t\.s\.vii.r\> fem. .a

photograph.

tXpdu& /t\Æ.p\.du~/ <t\.Æ\.p\.du~> adj. .1.

regional 2. local.

tXvu& /t\Æ.vu~/ <t\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. .to fry.

tXa; /t\.Æa.i/ <t\.Æa.ii> fem. .a mattress.

t&tu /t\n.tu/ <t\~.tu> masc. .a fiber.

t&{a /t\n.tr\/ <t\~.tr\> neut. .1.

management 2. administration.

t&{aI /t\n.tri/ <t\~.trii> masc. .editor.

t&durSt /t\n.du.r\st/ <t\~.du.r\.st\> adj.

healthy.

t&durStI /t\.ndu.r\s.ti/ <t\.du.r\.stii>

fem. health.

t&bU /t\m.bu/ <t\~.bu> masc. .a tent.

t&bUro /t\m.bu.ro/ <t\~.buu.ro> masc. .a

kind of musical instrument.

takvu& /tak.vu~/ <ta.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to aim

at 2. to take a target.

takat /ta.kat/ <ta.ka.t\> fem. .strength.

tag6i0NNaa /ta.g\Î.d˙in.na/

<ta.g\.Î\.dhi.nna> masc. .to spend

money carelessly.

tagvu& /tag.vu~/ <ta.g\.vu~> v.intr. .to

estimate.

taj /taÔ/ <ta.Ô\> masc. .a crown.

tajaklm /ta.Ôa.k\.l\m/ <ta.Ôa.k\.l\.m\>

fem. a postscript.

taju /ta.Ôu/ <ta.Ôu> adj. .fresh.

tajetrma& /ta.Ôe.t\r.ma~/ <ta.Ôe.t\.r\.ma~>

advb. .recently.

ta8 /ta¯/ <ta.¯\> fem. .1. scarcity 2.

shortage.

ta8 /ta´/ <ta.¯\> fem. .a muscle strain.

ta8vu& /ta¯.vu~/ <ta.¯\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

stretch 2. to drag.

taTkailk /tat.ka.lik/ <ta.tka.li.k\> advb.

immediately.

tai]vk /tat.tvik/ <ta.tvi.k\> adj.

philosophical.

tap /tap/ <ta.p\> masc. .sunshine (refers

to the heat and not the light).

tap8u& /tap.¯u~/ <ta.p\.¯u~> neut. .a

bonfire.

tapvu& /tap.vu~/ <ta.p\.vu~> v.intr. .to

warm up by sitting beside a fire place.

tab6tob /ta.b\Î.tob/ <ta.b\.Î\.to.b\>

advb. at once.

tar /tar/ masc. . <ta.r\> 1. a fiber 2. a

string 3. a thread.

tar /tar/ <ta.r\> masc. .a telegram.

tarvvu& /ta.r\v.vu~/ <ta.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to summarize 2. to prepare a balance-

sheet.

taraj /ta.raÔ/ <ta.ra.Ô\> adj. .ruined.

tarI` /ta.rik˙/ <ta.rii.kh\> fem. .a date.

taru& /ta.ru~/ <ta.ru~> adj. .your (sing).

taro /ta.ro/ <ta.ro> masc. .a star.

taikRk /tar.kik/ <ta.rki.k\> adj. .logical.

talavelI /ta.la.ve.li/ <ta.la.ve.lii> fem. .a

strong facination.

talIm /ta.lim/ <ta.lii.m\> fem. .training.

taluko /ta.lu.ko/ <ta.lu.ko> masc. .a sub-

district.

tav /tav/ <ta.v\> masc. .fever.

tavvu& /tav.vu~/ <ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to purify

a thing by heating.

tavIj /ta.viÔ/ <ta.vii.Ô\> neut. .1.

talisman 2. an amulet.

taXvu& /taÆ.vu~/ <ta.Æ\.vu~> neut. .the

palate.

taXI /ta.Æi/ <ta.Æii> fem. .a clapping.

ta&t8o /ta~t.¯o/ <ta~.t\.¯o> masc. .1.a

sting 2. a fiber 3. a thread.

ta&i{ak /ta~.trik/ <ta~.tri.k\> adj. .pertaining

to occultism.

ta&i{ak /ta~.trik/ <ta~.tri.k\> masc. .an

occultist.

ta&bu& /ta~.bu~/ <ta~.bu~> neut. .copper.

itjorI /ti.Ôo.ri/ <ti.Ôo.rii> fem. .1. a safe

2. a wardrobe.

iti9 /ti.t˙i/ <ti.thi> fem. .a date according

to Hindu calander.

itrSkar /ti.r\s.kar/ <ti.r\.ska.r\> masc.

.hatred.

itlk /ti.l\k/ <ti.l\.k\> neut. .an

auspicious mark on the forehead.

tI`u& /ti.k˙u~/ <tii.khu~> adj. .1. hot 2.

acrid 3. bitter.

tI6 /tiÎ/ <tii.Î\> neut. .a locust.

tI8u& /ti.¯u~/ <tii.¯u~> adj. .sharp.

tItI3o6o /ti.ti.g˙o.Îo/ <tii.tii.gho.Îo>

masc. a grasshopper.

tIr /tir/ <tii.r\> neut. .an arrow.

tI9Rya{aa /tirt˙.ja.tra/ <tii.rth\.ja.tra> fem.

.a pilgrimage.

tI9RS9an /tirt˙.st˙an/ <ti.rth\.stha.n\>

neut. a pilgrimage place.

tIv/ /ti.vr\/ <tii.vr\> adj. .1. intense 2.

actuate.

tuC2 /tuc.c˙\/ <tu.cch\> adj.

.insignificant.

tuma`I /tu.ma.k˙i/ <tu.ma.khii> fem.

.hot-tempered.

turt /tu.r\t/ <tu.r\.t\> advb. .at once.

tulna /tul.na/ <tu.l\.na> fem. .a

comparison.

tula /tu.la/ <tu.la> fem. .Libra.

tuver /tu.ver/ <tu.ve.r\> fem. .a kind of

pulse.

tu& /tu~/ <tu~> pron.. you (singular).

tU4vu& /tuˇ.vu~/ <tu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

destroyed.

tUt /tut/ <tu.t\> neut. .1. a lie 2. a hoax.

tUtk /tu.t\k/ <tuu.t\.k\> neut. .a deck.

tUru& /tu.ru~/ <tu.ru~> adj. .astringent.

te /te/ <te> pron.. Third person singular

pronoun (He, She, It).

tej /teÔ/ <te.Ô\> adj. .1. speedy 2. intense

3. sharp-edued 4. active.

tej /teÔ/ <te.Ô\> neut. .light.

tejSvI /te.Ô\.svi/ <te.Ô\.svii> adj.

1.brilliant 2. shining.

tejab /te.Ôab/ <te.Ôa.bii> masc. .acid.

te@ /te.Ôi/ <te.Ôii> fem. .good business.

te4lu& /teˇ.lu~/ <te.ˇ\.lu~> adj. .of a certain

proportion.

te6vu& /teÎ.vu~/ <te.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1.to invite

2. to carry a child.

te6u& /te.Îu~/ <te.Îu~> neut. .an invitation.

te8I /te.¯i/ <te.¯ii> pron.. she. (mainly

in legal language)

tetalIs /te.ta.lis/ <te.ta.lii.s\> adj. .forty

three.

te{aIs /te.tris/ <te.trii.s\> adj. .33 (thirty

three).

te9I /te.ˇ˙i/ <t\.thii> advb. .1. therefore

2. so 3. hense.

tem /tem/ <te.m\> advb. .in that manner.

ter /ter/ <te.r\> adj. .thirteen,

termu& /ter.mu~/ <te.r\.mu~> adj.

.thirteenth.

termu& /ter.mu~/ <te.r\.mu~> neut. .the

religious ritual performed on the 13

day

after a person’s death.

ter= /te.r\ß/ <te.r\.ß\> fem. .thirteenth

day of a bright or dark fortnight of the

Hindu calendar.

tel /tel/ <te.l\> neut. .oil.

te&talIs /t´~.ta.lis/ <te.ta.lii.s\> adj. .forty

three.

te&s5 /t´~.s\ˇ˙/ <te~.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty

three.

tEyar /t\i.jar/ <t\i.ja.r\> adj. .ready to

use.

tEyarI /t\i.ja.ri/ <t\i.ja.rii> fem.

.readiness.

to /to/ <to> advb. .1.then 2. in that case.

to26a; /toc˙.Îai/ <to.ch\.Îa.ii> fem.

rudeness.

to26u& /toc˙.Îu~/ <to.ch\.Îu~> adj. .blunt.

to4o /to.ˇo/ <to.ˇo> masc. .shortage.

to6 /toÎ/ <to.Î\> masc. .1. a settlement

2. a compromise.

to6vu& /toÎ.vu~/ <to.Î\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to

break 2. to pluck.

tot6u& /tot.Îu~/ <to.t\.Îu~> neut.

.stammering.

toit&g /to.ti˜.g\/ <to.ti~.g\> adj. .huge.

toter /to.ter/ <to.te.r\> adj. .seventy

three.

top /top/ <to.p\> fem. .a cannon.

to p8 /to p\¯/ <to p\.¯\> advb. .even

then.

tofan /to.p˙an/ <to.pha.n\> neut. .1.riot

2. disturbance.

tofanI /to.p˙a.ni/ <to.pha.nii> adj.

mischievous.

tor8 /to.r\¯/ <to.r\.¯\> neut. .an arch

of a gate.

tol /tol/ <to.l\> masc. .1.weight 2.

value.

tolo /to.lo/ <to.lo> masc. .an unit of

weight.

toXvu& /toÆ.vu~/ <to.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to weigh.

Tyjvu& /tj\Ô.vu~/ <tj\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. .to

abandon.

Tyag /tja.g\/ <tja.g\> masc.

.renunciation.

Tyagvu& /tjag.vu~/ <tja.g\.vu~> v.tr. .to

renounce.

TyagI /tja.gi/ <tja.gii> adj. .one who has

renounced material comforts.

TyagI /tja.gi/ <tja.gii> masc. .an ascetic.

Tyare /tja.re/ <tja.re> advb. .1. at taht time

2. then.

Tya=I /tja.ßi/ <tja.ßii> adj. .eighty three.

Tya& /tja~/ <tja~> advb. .there.

{a8 /tr\¯/ <tr\.¯\> adj. .three.

{aa4kvu& /tra.ˇ\k.vu~/ <tra.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.to raid or attack suddenly.

{aa6 /traÎ/ <tra.Î\> fem. .a roar.

{aa8u& /tra.¯u~/ <tra.¯u~> adj. .ninety three.

{aas /tras/ <tra.s\> masc. .1. terror 2.

nuisance.

{aasvad /tras.vad/ <tra.s\.va.d\> masc.

terrorism.

{aaiht /tra.hit/ <tra.hi.t\> adj. .third

party.

i{ako8 /tri.kø¯/ <tri.ko.Î\> masc. .a

triangle.

i{a-e4o /tri.b˙e.ˇo/ <tri.bhe.ˇo> masc. .a

meeting place of three roads.

i{ar&gI /tri.r\˜.gi/ <tri.r\~.gii> adj.

.tricolor.

{aIj /tri:Ô/ <trii.Ô\> fem. .the third day...

{aIju /tri:.Ôu/ <trii.Ôu> adj. .third.

{aIs /tris/ <trii.s\> adj. .thirty.

{aepn /tre.p\n/ <tre.p\.n\> adj. .53 (fifty

three).

{aevIs /tre.vis/ <tre.vii.s\> adj. .twenty

three.

{aes5 /tre.s\ˇ˙/ <tre.s\.ˇh\> adj. .sixty

three.

{aEmaisk /tr\i.ma.sik/ <tr\i.ma.si.k\> adj.

quarterly.

{aofvu& /trop˙.vu~/ <tro.ph\.vu~> v.tr. .to

tattoo.

]vca /tv\.ca/ <tv\.ca> fem. .skin.

96 /t˙\Î/ <th\.Î\> neut. .the trunk of a

tree.

96kvu& /t˙\Î\k.vu~/ <th\.Î\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to stammer 2. to tremble with fear.

99rvu& /t˙\.t\r.vu~/ <th\.th\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

.to shiver.

9ngnvu& /t˙\n.g\n.vu~/ <th\.n\.g\.n\.vu~>

v.intr. .to be very excited for soemthing.

9PpI /t˙\p.pi/ <th\.ppi> fem. .an orderly

pile or stack.

9r /t˙\r/ <th\.r\> masc. .1. a layer 2. a

crust.

9r9r /t˙\r.t˙\r/ <th\.r\.th\.r\> advb.

shivering manner.

9vu& /t˙\.vu~/ <th\.vu~> v.intr. .1.to be 2. to

happen 3. to occur.

9ak /t˙ak/ <tha.k\> masc. fatigue.

9ag69Ig6 /t˙a.g\Î.t˙i.g\Î/

<tha.g\.Î\.thi.g\.Î\> neut. .1. a

repairing 2. a patching.

9a\8u& /t˙a.¯u~/ <tha.¯u~> neut. .1. a center

2. a post.

9ank /t˙a.n\k/ <tha.n\.k\> neut. .a place

of worship.

9ap4 /t˙a.p\ˇ/ <tha.p\.ˇ\> fem. .a light

blow.

9ap8 /t˙a.p\¯/ <tha.p\.¯\> fem.

.capital.

9apo /t˙ap/ <tha.po> masc. .the hip.

9ab6vu& /t˙a.b\Î.vu~/ <tha.b\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to pat 2. to encourage.

9aX /t˙aÆ/ <tha.Æ\> masc. .a large plate.

9aXI /t˙a.Æi/ <tha.Æii> fem. .a dinner plate.

9a&-lo /t˙a~b˙.lo/ <tha~.bh\.lo> masc. .a

small pillar.

9Ig6u& /t˙ig.Îu~/ <thii.g\.Îu~> neut. .a

patch.

9Ijvu& /t˙iÔ.vu~/ <thii.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. .to be

froze.

9UlI /t˙u.li/ <thuu.lii> fem. .half

grounded wheat.

9Ulu& /t˙u.lu~/ <thuu.lu~> neut. .husks

separated from flour.

9U&k /t˙u~k/ <thu~.k\> neut. .1. saliva 2.

spittle.

9eplu& /t˙ep.lu~/ <the.p\.lu~> neut. .a kind

of bread.

9elI /t˙e.li/ <the.lii> fem. .a small bag.

9elo /t˙e.lo/ <the.lo> masc. .a big bag.

9ok6I /t˙ok.Îi/ <tho.k\.Îii> fem. .a small

bundle.

9ok6o /t˙ok.Îo/ <tho.k\.Îo> masc. .a big

bundle.

9okb&0 /t˙ok.b\nd˙/ <tho.k\.b\~.dh\>

adj. wholesale.

9o6u& /t˙o.Îu~/ <tho.Îu~> adj. .little.

9o9vavu& /t˙ot˙.va.vu~/ <tho.th\.va.vu~>

v.intr. to stammer.

9o9u& /t˙o.t˙u~/ <tho.thu~> neut. .a book

(derogatory).

9o-vu& /t˙ob˙.vu~/ <tho.bh\.vu~> v.intr. .to

stop.

9or /t˙or/ <tho.r\> masc. .a throny plant.

dix8 /d\k.ßi¯/ <d\.kßi.¯\> fem. .the

south.

dix8a /d\k.ßi.¯a/ <d\.kßi.¯a> fem. .alms

(given to the Brahmins).

dga`or /d\.ga.k˙or/ <d\.ga.kho.r\> adj.

treacherous.

dgabaj /d\.ga.baÔ/ <d\.ga.ba.Ô\> adj.

treacherous.

dga`orI /d\.ga.k˙o.ri/ <d\.ga.kho.rii>

fem. . treachery.

dgaba@ /d\.ga.ba.Ôi/ <d\.ga.ba.Ôii> fem.

treachery.

dgo /d\.go/ <d\.go> masc. .treachery.

d6 d6 /d\Î d\Î/ <d\.Î\.d\.Î\> advb. .a

sound like that of water falling

incessantly.

d6 b6 /d\Î b\Î/ <d\.Î\.b\.Î\> advb.. a

sound like that of running of a human

being.

d6bu& /d\Î.bu~/ <d\.Î\.vu~> neut. .a slice

of solid food (not of a fruit).

d6o /d\.Îo/ <d\.Îo> masc. .a ball.

ddU6I /d\.du.Îi/ <d\.duu.Îii> fem. .a

thin current of water falling down.

dbdbo /d\b.d\.bo/ <d\.b\.d\.bo> masc.

pomp.

dba8 /d\.ba¯/ <d\.ba.¯\> neut. .1.

pressure 2. force.

dbavu& /d\.ba.vu~/ <d\.ba.vu~> v.intr. .to

be pressed.

dm /d\m/ <d\.m\> masc. .asthma.

dm /d\m/ <d\.m\> masc. .stamina.

dmkvu& /d\.m\k.vu~/ <d\.m\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to glow.

dmda4I /d\m.da.ˇi/ <d\.m\.da.ˇii> fem.

.a threatening.

dmn /d\.man/ <d\.m\.n\> neut.

.tyranny.

dmam /d\.mam/ <d\.ma.m\> masc.

grandeur.

dya /d\.ja/ <d\.ja> fem. .compassion.

dr /d\r/ <d\.r\> masc. .rate.

dr /d\r/ <d\.r\> masc. .1. a burrow 2. a

hole.

drkar /d\r.kar/ <d\.r\.ka.r\> fem. .care.

dr`aSt /d\r.k˙as.t\/ <d\.r\.kha.st\>

fem. proposal.

drgah /d\r.gah/ <d\.r\.ga.h\> fem. .the

tomb of a Muslim saint.

dr@ /d\r.Ôi/ <d\.r\.Ôii> masc. .a tailor.

drj8 /d\r.Ô\¯/ <d\.r\.Ô\.¯\> fem. .1. a

tailor’s wife, 2. a woman tailor.

drjjo /d\.r\Ô.Ôo/ <d\.r\.ÔÔo> masc. .a

rank.

drd /d\.r\.d/ <d\.r\.d\> neut. .1.

disease 2. pain.

drdI /d\r.di/ <d\.r\.dii> masc. .patient

drdagIno /d\r.da.gi.no/ <d\.r\.da.gii.no>

masc. . money, ornaments, valuables etc.

together.

dpR8 /d\r.p\¯/ <d\.rp\.¯\> neut. .a

mirror.

drbar /d\r.bar/ <d\.r\.ba.r\> masc. .a

royal court.

drbar /d\r.bar/ <d\.r\.ba.r\> masc.

Rajput- a community.

drimyan /d\r.mi.jan/ <d\.r\.mi.ja.n\>

advb. meanwhile.

drroj /d\r.roÔ/ <d\.r\.ro.Ô\> advb.

everyday.

drvajo /d\r.va.Ôo/ <d\.r\.va.Ôo> masc.

.1. a gate 2. an entrance.

drvan /d\r.van/ <d\.r\.va.n\> masc. .a

gate-keeper.

drve= /d\r.veß/ <d\.r\.ve.ß\> masc. .a

Muslim saint.

d=Rn /d\.rß\n/ <d\.rß\.n\> neut. .1.

seeing 2. viewing, 3. a form of

worshiping

d=Rn /d\.rß\n/ <d\.rß\.n\> neut.

philosophy.

d=aRvvu& /d\r.ßav.vu~/ <d\.rßa.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to show 2. to suggest.

draj /d\.raÔ/ <d\.ra.Ô\> fem. .ringworm

(a skin disease).

dirya; /d\.ri.ja.i/ <d\.ri.ja.ii> adj.

.marine.

diryo /d\.ri.jo/ <d\.ri.jo> masc. .the sea.

drek /d\.rek/ <d\.re.k\> adj. .1.each 2.

every.

dro6o /d\.ro.Îo/ <d\.ro.Îo> masc. .a

raid.

dlal /d\.lal/ <d\.la.l\> masc. .a broker.

dlalI /d\.la.li/ <d\.la.lii> fem.

.brokerage.

dilt /d\.lit/ <d\.li.t\> adj. .1. oppressed

2. down-trodden.

dlIl /d\.lil/ <d\.lii.l\> fem. .an

argument.

dv /d\v/ <d\.v\> masc. .a wild-fire.

dva /d\.va/ <d\.va> fem. .a medicine.

dva`anu& /d\.va.k˙a.nu~/ <d\.va.kha.nu~>

neut. .1. a hospital 2. a clinic.

dvada£ /d\.va.da.ru~/ <d\.va.da.ru~>

neut. pl.. medicines in general.

dvapa8I /d\.va.pa.ni/ <d\.va.pa.¯i>

neut. medicines in general.

d= /d\ß/ <d\.ß\> adj. .ten.

d=k /d\.ß\k/ <d\.ß\.k\> masc. .the tenth

part.

d=m /d\.ß\m/ <d\.ß\.m\> fem. .tenth

day of the Hindu fortnight.

d=/mu& /d\ß.mu~/ <d\.ß\.mu~> neut. .tenth

day after a person’s death.

d=a /d\.ßa/ <d\.ßa> fem. .condition.

d=a&= /d\.ßa~ß/ <d\.ßa~.ß\> adj. decimal.

d=I /d\.ßi/ <d\.ßi> fem. .1. hem of a

garment 2. wick.

d=era /d\.ße.ra/ <d\.ße.ra> masc. .the

tenth day of the bright half of the Aso

month.

ds /d\s/ <d\.s\> adj. .10 (ten).

d=ko /d\ß.ko/ <d\.s\.ko> masc. a

decade.

dStavej /d\.sta.veÔ/ <d\.sta.ve.Ô\> masc.

a document.

dha6o /d\.ha.Îo/ <d\.ha.Îo> masc. a

day.

dhI& /d\.hi~/ <d\.hii~> neut. 1. yogurt 2.

curd.

dhI&tru& /d\.hi~.t\.ru~/ <d\.hii.t\.ru~> neut.

a food item.

dhI&v6u& /d\.hi~.v\.Îu~/ <d\.hi.v\.Îu~>

neut. a food item.

dhej /d\.heÔ/ <d\.he.Ô\> neut. dowry.

dhe=t /d\.he.ß\t/ <d\.he.ß\.t\> fem.

apprehension.

dXdar /d\.dar/ <d\.Æ\.da.r\> adj. 1.

thick 2. heavy.

dXvu& /d\Æ.vu~/ <d\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to grind.

d&gl /d\˜.g\l/ <d\~.g\.l\> neut. a

quarrel.

d&6 /d\¯.Î\/ <d\~.Î\> masc.

punishment.

d&6vu& /d\¯Î.vu~/ <d\~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

punish.

d&tk9a /d\nt.k\.t˙a/ <d\.t\.k\.tha> fem.

1. a legend 2. a fable.

d&tm&jn /d\nt.m\µ.Ô\n/

<d\.nt\.m\~.Ô\.n\> neut. 1. tooth-

powder 2. tooth-paste.

d&t=UX /d\nt.ßuÆ/ <d\~.t\.ßu.Æ\> masc. an

elephant’s tusk.

d&ptI /d\m.p\.ti/ <d\~.p\.tii> neut. a

couple (husband and wife).

d&- /d\mb˙/ <d\~.bh\> masc.

hypocrisy.

d&-I /d\m.b˙i/ <d\~.bhii> adj.

hypocritical.

d&= /d\mß/ <d\~.ß\> masc. 1. a biting

(of a serpent or scorpian) 2. a sting.

da`lo /da.k˙.lo/ <da.kh\.lo> masc. 1.

an example 2. an illustration 3. a

mathematical problem.

dagIno /da.gi.no/ <da.gii.no> masc. an

ornament.

da3 /dag˙/ <da.gh\> masc. 1. a spot 2.

burning.

daz /daÔ˙/ <da.Ôh\> fem. feeling.

dazvu& /daÔ˙.vu~/ <da.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to

get burn.

da4vu& /daˇ.vu~/ <da.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to bury.

da6m /da.Î\m/ <da.Î\.m\> neut. a

pomegranate.

da7 /daÎ˙/ <da.Îh\> fem. a molar

tooth.

da7I /da.Î˙i/ <da.Îhii> fem. 1. the chin

2. the beard.

da8o /da.¯o/ <da.¯o> masc. a grain.

dat8 /da.t\¯/ <da.t\.¯\> neut. a small

piece of a branch of a tree or a plant used

to clean teeth.

dadr /da.d\r./ <da.d\.r\> masc. a

staircase.

dadro/dad.ro./ <da.d\.ro> masc. a

staircase.

dadagIrI /da.da.gi.ri/ <da.da.gii.rii>

fem. bullying.

dadI /da.di/ <da.dii> fem. grandmother.

dado /da.do/ <da.do> masc.

grandfather.

dan /dan/ <da.n\> neut. 1. a gift 2. a

donation.

dant /da.n\t/ <da.n\.t\> fem.

intention.

danv /da.n\v/ <da.n\.v\> masc. a

monster.

dane=rI /da.ne.ß\.ri/ <da.ne.ß\.rii>

masc. a liberal donor.

dab6I /dab.Îi/ <da.b\.Îii> fem. a very

small box.

dabvu& /dab.vu~/ <da.b\.vu~> v.tr. to

press.

dayko /daj.ko/ <da.j\.ko> masc. a

decade.

day8 /da.j\¯/ <da.j\.¯\> fem. a mid-

wife.

da£ /da.ru/ <da.ruu> masc. 1. wine 2.

liquor.

da£`anu& /da.ru.k˙a.nu~/ <da.ruu.kha.nu~>

masc. fire-works.

da£i6yo /da.ru.Îi.jo/ <da.ru.Îii.jo>

masc. a drunkard.

da=Rink /da.rß\.nik/ <da.rß\.ni.k\> adj.

philosophical.

dav /dav/ <da.v\> masc. a person’s turn

in a game.

davo /da.vo/ <da.vo> masc. 11. a right

2. a claim 3. a law-suit 4. a demand.

das /das/ <da.s\> masc. a male servant.

dasI /da.si/ <da.sii> fem. a male

servant.

daX /daÆ/ <da.Æ\> fem. 1. pulses

grounded into two parts 2. a food item

prepared from

such pulses.

da&t /da~t/ <da~.t\> masc. tooth.

da&ityo /da~.ti.jo/ <da~.ti.jo> masc. a comb.

idGd=Rk /dig.d\r.ß\k/ <di.gd\.rß\.k\>

masc.

a director (of a film or a drama).

idGmU7 /dig.muÎ˙/ <di.gmu.Îh\> adj. 1.

stunned 2. wonderstruck.

idncyaR /din.c\.rja/ <di.n\.c\.rja> fem. a

daily routine activities.

idnrat /din.rat/ <di.n\.ra.t\> advb. day

and night.

idmag /di.mag/ <di.ma.g\> neut. the

brain.

idyr /di.j\r/ <di.j\.r\> masc. a

husband’s younger brother.

idl /dil/ <di.l\> neut. the heart.

idlgIr /dil.gir/ <di.l\.gi.r\> adj.

dejected.

idlgI.rI /dil.gi.ri/ <di.l\.gii.rii> fem.

dejection.

idlcSp /dil.c\ß.p\/ <di.l\.c\.ßp\> adj.

fascinating.

idlcSpI /dil.c\ß.pi/ <di.l\.c\.ßpii> fem.

fascination.

idldar /dil.dar/ <di.l\.da.r\> adj. 1.

beloved 2. liberal.

idlaso /di.la.so/ <di.la.so> masc.

consolation.

idvs /di.v\s/ <di.v\.s\> masc. a day.

idvaso /di.va.so/ <di.va.so> masc. a

festival.

idvaXI /di.va.Æi/ <di.va.Æii> fem. the

Hindu festival on the last day of the

Hindu year.

idve4 /di.veˇ/ <di.ve.Î\> fem. a wick.

idvel /di.vel/ <di.ve.l\> neut. castor-oil.

idVy /div.j\/ <di.vj\> adj. divine.

dIkrI /dik.ri/ <dii.k\.rii> fem. a

daughter.

dIkro /dik.ro/ <dii.k\.ro> masc. a son.

dIdI /di.di/ <dii.dii> fem. elder sister.

dIn /din/ <din> adj. poor (literary).

dIp /dip/ <dii.p\> masc. a lamp.

dIpk /di.p\k/ <dii.p\.k\> masc. lamp.

dIp6o /dip.Îo/ <dii.p\.Îo> masc. a

lamp.

dIpavlI /di.pav.li/ <dii.pa.v\.lii> fem.

the Diwali festival.

dI3R /dir.g\/ <dii.rgh\> adj. long.

dIvada&6I /di.va.da~.Îi/ <dii.va.da~.Îii>

fem. a light-house.

dIval /di.val/ <dii.va.l\> fem. a wall.

dIvasXI /di.va.s\.Æi/ <dii.va.s\.Æii> fem.

a matchstick.

dIvI /di.vi/ <dii.vii> fem. a lamp-stand.

dIvo /di.vo/ <dii.vo> masc. a lamp.

dukan /du.kan/ <du.ka.n\> fem. a shop.

dukaX /du.kaÆ/ <du.ka.Æ\> masc. a

famine.

du`vu& /duk˙.vu~/ <du.kh\.vu~> v.intr. 1.

to pain 2. to ache.

du`avo /du.k˙a.vo/ <du.kha.vo> masc.

1. pain 2. ache.

dui`yaru& /du.k˙i.ja.ru~/ <du.khi.ja.ru~> adj.

unhappy.

du8avu& /du.¯a.vu~/ <du.¯a.vu~> v.intr. to

be burnt (of food).

duinya /du.ni.ja/ <du.ni.ja> fem. 1. the

world 2. the universe.

dup4\4o /du.p\.ˇˇo/ <du.p\.ˇˇo> masc. a

scarf.

du-agvu& /du.b˙ag.vu~/ <du.bha.g\.vu~>

v.tr. to divide by two.

du-avvu& /du.b˙av.vu~/ <du.bha.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to displease.

du-avu& /du.b˙a.vu~/ <du.bha.vu~> v.intr.

to be displeased.

du-aiqyo /du.b˙a.ßi.jo/ <du.bha.s°i.jo>

masc. an interpreter.

durag/h /du.ra.gr\h/ <du.ra.gr\.h\>

masc. excessive and undue insistence.

duracr8 /du.ra.c\.r\¯/ <du.ra.c\.r\.¯\>

neut. immoral behavior.

duracr8I /du.ra.c\.r\.¯i/

<du.ra.c\.r\.¯ii> adj. a person who

behaves immorally.

duracar /du.ra.car/ <du.ra.ca.r\> neut.

immoral behavior.

duracarI /du.ra.ca.ri/ <du.ra.ca.rii> adj.

a person who behaves immorally.

dugRit /dur.g\.ti/ <du.rg\.tii> fem.

spiritual degeneration.

dugR&0 /dur.g\nd˙/ <du.rg\~.dh\> fem.

unpleasant smell.

dubRX /dur.b\Æ/ <du.rb\.Æ\> adj. weak.

dulR- /dur.l\b˙/ <du.rl\.bh\> adj. rare.

duva /du.va/ <du.va> fem. blessing.

du+mn /duß.man/ <du.ßm\.n\> masc. an

enemy.

duŠ` /duk˙/ <duŠ.kh\> neut. 1.

unhappiness 2. pain.

dusa)y /du.sad˙.j\/ <du.sa.dhj\> adj.

difficult to achieve.

duzvu& /duÔ˙.vu~/ <du.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to

ooze.

dU0 /dud˙/ <du.dh\> neut. milk.

dUi0ya /du.d˙i.ja/ <du.dhi.ja> adj. milk-

white.

dU0I /du.d˙i/ <du.dhii> fem. a kind of

gourd.

dUbXu& /dub.Æu~/ <du.b\.Æu~> adj. weak.

dU-vvu& /du.b˙\v.vu~/ <du.bh\.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to afflict.

dU-avu& /du.b˙a.vu~/ <du.bha.vu~> v.intr.

to be afflicted.

dUr /dur/ <du.r\> adj. far away.

dUr/bIn /dur.bin/ <du.r\.bii.n\> neut. 1.

a telescope 2. a binocular.

±7 /dr\Î˙/ <dr\.Îh\> adj. 1. firm 2.

strong.

±iQ4 /dr\.ßˇi/ <dr\.s°ˇi> fem. sight.

de`re` /dek˙.rek˙/ <de.kh\.re.kh\> fem.

1. watch 2. guardianship.

de`vu& /dek˙.vu~/ <de.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to see.

de`ade`I /de.k˙a.de.k˙i/ <de.kha.de.khii>

fem. senseless imitation.

de`av /de.k˙av/ <de.kha.v\> masc.

appearance.

de`av6u& /de.k˙av.Îu~/ <de.kha.v\.Îu~>

adj. 1. attractive 2. handsome

3.beautiful.

de`avu& /de.k˙a.vu~/ <de.kha.vu~> v.tr. to

appear.

de`Itu& /de.k˙i.tu~/ <de.khii.tu~> adj.

obvious.

de6kI /deÎ.ki/ <de.Î\.kii> fem. a

(female/ small) frog.

de6ku& /deÎ.ku~/ <de.Î\.ku~> neut. a frog.

de6ko /deÎ.ko/ <de.Î\.ko> masc. a

(male) frog.

dera8I /de.ra.¯i/ <de.ra.¯ii> fem.

husband’s younger brother’s wife.

derasr /de.ra.s\r/ <de.ra.s\.r\> neut. a

Jain temple.

derI /de.ri/ <de.rii> fem. a small temple.

dev /dev/ <de.v\> masc. a deity (male).

devta /dev.ta/ <de.v\.ta> masc. a fire.

devnagrI /dev.nag.ri/ <de.v\.na.g\.rii>

adj. the Sanskrit script.

devX /de.v\Æ/ <de.v\.Æ\> neut. a church.

devadar /de.va.dar/ <de.va.da.r\> adj.

indebted.

devaXIyu& /de.va.Æi.ju~/ <de.va.Æii.ju~> adj.

bankrupt.

devI /de.vi/ <de.vii> fem. 1. a deity

(female) 2. goddess.

devu& /de.vu~/ <de.vu~> v.tr. to give.

de= /deß/ <de.ß\> masc. 1. a country 2. a

region.

de=kaX /deß.kaÆ/ <de.ß\.ka.Æ\> masc.

time and space.

de=daz /deß.daÔ˙/ <de.ß.da.Ôh\> fem.

patriotism.

de=a4n /de.ßa.ˇ\n/ <de.ß\.ˇ\.n\> neut.

traveling in foreign country.

de=ai-man /de.ßa.b˙i.man/

<de.ßa.bhi.ma.n\> neut. patriotism.

de=I /de.ßi/ <de.ßii> masc. 1. native 2.

indigenous.

de=I /de.ßi/ <de.ßii> adj. a villager.

deh /deh/ <de.h\> masc. body.

dehTyag /deh.tjag/ <de.h\.tja.g\> masc.

death.

dEink /d\i.nik/ <d\i.ni.k\> adj. daily.

dEvI /d\i.vi/ <d\i.vii> adj. devine.

do4 /doˇ/ <do.ˇ\> fem. an act of

running.

do6 /doÎ/ <do.Î\> fem. an act of

running.

do60am /doÎ.d˙am/ <do.Î\.dha.m\>

fem. turmoil

do6vu& /doÎ.vu~/ <do.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to

run.

do6ado6 /do.Îa.doÎ/ <do.Îa.do.Î\> fem.

1. hurry 2. haste.

do7 /ÎoÎ˙/ <do.Îh\> adj. one and half.

do76a¬u& /doÎ˙.Îahju~/ <do.Îh\.Îa.hju~>

adj. over wise.

do7u& /do.Î˙u~/ <do.Îhu~> adj. one and

half time.

dodXu& /dod.Æu~/ <do.d\.Æu~> adj. weak.

dor6I /dor.Îi/ <do.r\.Îii> fem. a string.

dor6u& /dor.Îu~/ <do.r\.Îu~> neut. a rope.

dorv8I /do.r\v.¯i/ <do.r\.v\.Îii> fem.

guidance.

dorvu& /dor.vu~/ <do.r\.vu~> v.tr. to draw

(picture, figure etc.)

dorvu& /dor.vu~/ <do.r\.vu~> v.tr. to guide

a person or any other animal.

dorI /do.ri/ <do.rii> fem. a string.

doro /do.ro/ masc. <do.ro> 1. a thread 2.

a kind of necklace.

doq /doß/ <do.s°\> masc. 1. mistake 2.

fault.

doSt /dost/ <dos.t\> masc. a friend.

dohvu& /doh.vu~/ <do.h\.vu~> v.tr. to milk.

doih{a /do.hi.tr\/ <do.hi.tr\> masc. a

daughter’s son.

doih{aI /do.hi.tri/ <do.hi.trii> fem. a

daughter’s daughter.

±ax /drakß/ <dra.kßha> fem. a grape.

±oh /droh/ <dro.h\> masc. a betrayal.

µIp /dvip/ <dvi.pa> masc. an island.

µEmaisk /dv\i.ma.sik/ <dw\i.ma.si.k\.>

adj. bi-monthly.

0kelvu& /d˙\.kel.vu~/ <d\.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr.

to push.

0k\k&0k\ka /d˙\.kk\m.d˙\k.ka/

<d\.kke.dh\.kka> masc. intensely

crowded state.

0k\ka0k\kI /d˙\.kka.d˙\k.ki/

<dh\.kka.mu.kkii> fem. . intensely

crowded state.

0k\kamuk\kI /d˙\.kka.muk.ki/

<dh\.kka.mu.kkii> fem. a crowd

marked with pushes and blows.

0kko /d˙\k.ko/ <dh\.kko> masc. a

push.

0kko /d˙\k.ko/ <dh\.kko> masc. an

errand.

0g0gvu& /d˙\g.d˙\g.vu~/

<dh\.g\.dh\.g\.vu~> v.intr. to burn

intensely.

0g= /d˙\.g\ß/ <dh\.g\.ß\> fem. 1. zeal

2. enthusiasm.

0ja /d˙\.Ôa/ <dh\.Ôa> fem. 1. a flag 2. a

banner.

06 /d˙\Î/ <dh\.Î\> neut. the human

body without head.

06k /d˙\.Î\k/ <dh\.Î\.k\> fem.

throbbing of the heart due to fright,

shock etc.

06kvu& /d˙\.Î\k.vu~/ <dh\.Î\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to throb.

06ako /d˙\.Îa.ko/ <dh\.Îa.ko> masc. an

exploding sound.

06a06 /d˙\.Îa.d˙\Î/ <dh.Îa.dh\.Î\>

advb. quickly and violently.

06a06I /d˙\.Îa.d˙\.Îi/ <dh\.Îa.dh\.Îii>

fem. commotion.

08 /d˙\¯/ <dh\.¯\> neut. a herd of

cattle.

0808vu& /d˙\¯.d˙\¯.vu~/

<dh\.¯\.dh\.¯\.vu~> v.intr. to quake

(of earth etc).

08I /d˙\.¯i/ <dh\.¯ii> masc. 1. a

master 2. an owner 3. the husband.

08Iya8I /d˙\.¯i.ja.¯i/ <dh\.¯ii.ja.¯ii>

fem.1. master’s wife 2. owner’s wife 3. a

female owner.

0it&g /d˙\.ti˜.g\/ <dh\.ti~.g\> neut. 1. a

sham 2. phoniness.

0n /d˙\n/ <dh\.n\> neut. 1. money 2.

wealth.

0nter= /d˙\n.te.r\ß/ <dh\.n\.te.r\.ß\>

fem. a Hindu festival.

0nuQy /d˙\.nu.ßj\/ <dh\.nu.ßj\> neut. a

bow.

0Ny /d˙\.nj\/ <dh\.nj\> adj. 1.

fortunate 2. praiseworthy.

0b6ko /d˙\.b\Î.ko/ <dh\.b\.Î\.ko>

masc. a fiasco.

0mkvu& /d˙\.m\k.vu~/ <dh\.m\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to tremble.

0mkavvu& /d˙\m.kav.vu~/ <dh\.m\.ka.vu~>

v.tr. to scold.

0mkI /d˙\m.ki/ <dh\.m\.kii> fem. a

threat.

0m0okar /d˙\m.d˙o.kar/

<dh\.m\.dho.ka.r\> advb. at full

speed.

0min /d˙\m.ni/ <dh\.m\.ni> fem. an

artery.

0mp2a6a /d˙\m.p\.c˙a.Îa/

<dh\.m\/p\.cha.Îa> masc. vain

efforts made impatiently.

0mal /d˙\.mal/ <dh\.ma.l\> fem.

commotion.

0rtI /d˙\r.ti/ <dh\.r\.tii> fem. 1. the

earth 2. the soil.

0rpk6 /d˙\r.p\.k\Î/ <dh\.r\.p\.k\.Î\>

fem. an arrest.

0rbvu& /d˙\.r\b.vu~/ <dh\.r\.b\.vu~> v.tr.

to over fill.

0rmUX /d˙\r.mu/ <dh\.r\.muu.Æ\>

neut. the very beginning.

0rvu& /d˙\r.vu~/ <dh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

hold by hand 2. to assume 3. to offer.

0ravu& /d˙\.ra.vu~/ <dh\.ra.vu~> v.intr. to

be satisfied.

0rI /d˙\.ri/ <dh\.rii> fem. an axle.

0ro /d˙\.ro/ <dh\.ro> masc. a deep pit

in a river.

0mR /d˙\r.m\/ <dh\.rm\> masc. 1.

religion 2. duty.

0mRguru /d˙\r.m\.gu.ru/ <dh\.rm\.gu.ru>

masc. a spiritual teacher.

0mRg/&9 /d˙\r.m\.gr\nt˙/

<dh\.rm\.gr\~.th\> masc. a religious

book.

0mRs&k4 /d˙\r.m\.s\m.k\ˇ/

<dh\.rm\.s\~.k\.ˇ\> neut. a moral

dilemma.

0maRTma /d˙\r.mat.ma/ <dh\.rma.tma>

masc. a man with a holy soul.

0maRda /d˙\r.ma.da/ <dh\.rma.da> adj.

pertaining to religious charity.

0maRNtr /d˙\r.man.t\r/ <dh\.rma.nt\.r\>

neut. an act of adopting another’s

religion.

0maR&0 /d˙\r.man.d˙\/ <dh\.rma~.dh\>

adj. fanatic.

0imRQ4 /d˙\r.mißˇ/ <dh\.rmi.s°ˇ\> adj.

religious minded.

0sms /d˙\s.m\s/ <dh\.s\.m\.s\> fem.

excitement.

0svu& /d˙\s.vu~/ <dh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. to

rush forcefully.

0saro /d˙\.sa.ro/ <dh\.sa.ro> masc.

rush.

0&0o /d˙\n.d˙o/ <dh\~.dho> masc. a

business.

0ak /d˙ak/ <dha.k\> fem. fright.

0a6 /d˙aÎ/ <dha.Î\> fem. robbery.

0a6pa6u /d˙aÎ.pa.Îu/ <dha.Î\.pa.Îu>

masc. a robber.

0a8I /d˙a.¯i/ <dha.¯ii> fem. popcorn.

0atu /d˙a.tu/ <dha.tu> fem. a metal.

0an /d˙an/ <dha.n\> neut. grain.

0ap /d˙ap/ fem. a cheating.

0abu& /d˙a.bu~/ <dha.bu~> neut. a terrace.

0abu& /d˙a.bu~/ <dha.bu~> neut. a blot.

0am /d˙am/ <dha.m\> neut. a dwelling

place.

0am0Um /d˙am.d˙um/ <dha.m\.dhu.m\>

fem. grandeur.

0amo /d˙a.mo/ <dha.mo> masc.

unexpected stay.

0ar /d˙ar/ <dha.r\> fem. 1. the edge of

a weapon 2. a thin current of falling

water.

0ar8a /d˙ar.¯a/ <dha.r\.¯a> fem.

inference.

0arvu& /d˙ar.vu~/ <dha.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

infer.

0ara0or8 /d˙a.ra.d˙o.r\¯/

<dha.ra.dho.r\.¯\> neut. 1. rules and

regulations 2. code and conduct.

0ara=aS{aI /d˙a.ra.ßaß.tri/ <dha.ra.ßa.ßtrii>

masc. a lawyer.

0aras-a /d˙a.ra.s\.b˙a/ <dha.ra.sa.bha>

fem. a legislative assembly.

0aro /d˙a.ro/ <dha.ro> masc. 1. a

custom 2. a tradition.

0aimRk /d˙ar.mik/ <dha.rmi.k\> adj.

religious.

0av8 /d˙a.v\¯/ <dha.v\.¯\> neut.

mother’s milk.

0avvu& /d˙av.vu~/ <dha.v\.vu~> v.intr. to

suck milk from mother’s breasts.

0a&0l /d˙a~.d˙\l/ <dha~.dh\.l\> fem.

commotion.

i0kavvu& /d˙i.kav.vu~/ <dhi.kka.r\.vu~>

v.tr. to burn intensely.

i0k\kar /d˙i.kkar/ <dhi.kka.r\> masc.

hatred.

0Imu& /d˙i.mu~/ <dhii.mu~> adj. slow.

0Ime /d˙i.me/ <dhii.mu~> advb. slowly.

0Ime9I /d˙i.me.t˙i/ <dhii.me.thii> advb.

slowly.

0Irj /d˙i.r\Ô/ <dhi.r\.Ô\> fem. patience.

0Ir0ar /d˙ir.d˙ar/ <dhi.r\.dha.r\> fem.

money-landing.

0Irvu& /d˙ir.vu~/ <dhii.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1.to

give on credit 2. to lend money on

interest.

0utarI /d˙u.ta.ri/ <dhu.ta.rii> fem. a

deceitful woman.

0utaro /d˙u.ta.ro/ <dhu.ta.ro> masc. a

deceitful man.

0upel /d˙u.pel/ <dhu.pe.l\> neut. hair-

oil.

0umai6yu& /d˙u.ma.Îi.ju~/ <dhu.ma.Îi.ju~>

neut. a chimney.

0uma6o /d˙u.ma.Îo/ <du.ma.Îo> masc.

smoke.

0U8vu& /d˙u¯.vu~/ <dhuu.¯\.vu~> v.intr. to

shake or swing head under the influence

of black art.

0Utvu& /d˙ut.vu~/ <dhuu.t\.vu~> v.intr. to

cheat.

0Un /d˙un/ <dhuu.n\> fem. a strong

addiction.

0Up /d˙up/ <dhuu.p\> masc. a kind of

fragrant substance.

0UpsXI /d˙up.s\.Æi/ <dhu.p\.s\.Æii> fem.

an incense stick.

0UX /d˙uÆ/ <dhuu.Æ\> fem. dust.

100

0U&AapU&Aa /d˙u~.a.pu~.a/ <dhuu~.a.puu~.a>

adj.

burning with anger.

0U&0vavu& /d˙u~nd˙.va.vu~/ <dhu~.dh\.va.vu~>

v.intr. to grudge silently.

0U&0Xu& /d˙u~d˙.Æu~/ <dhu~.dh\.Æu~> adj. 1.

misty 2. dim.

0U&srI /d˙u~s.ri/ <dhu~.s\.rii> fem. a yoke.

0oka4vu& /d˙o.kaˇ.vu~/ <do.ka.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.

to beat with a club.

0oko /d˙o.ko/ <dho.ko> masc. a short

tick staff.

0oko /d˙o.ko/ <dho.ko> masc. 1. harm

2. betrayal.

0oityu& /d˙o.ti.ju~/ <dho.ti.ju~> neut. a big

scarf-like lower garment of Hindu males.

0otI /d˙o.ti/ <dho.tii> fem. a big scarf-

like lower garment of Hindu males.

0o0 /d˙od˙/ <dho.dh\> masc. a water-

fall.

0ob8 /d˙o.b\¯/ <dho.b\.¯\> fem. 1. a

washer man’s wife 2. a washer-woman.

0obI /d˙o.bi/ <dho.bii> masc. a washer

man.

0or8 /d˙o.r\¯/ <dho.r\.¯\> neut. a

grade (first, second etc) of a school.

0ola; /d˙o.la.i/ <dho.la.ii> fem. 1.

washing 2. remuneration for washing.

0ova8 /d˙o.va¯/ <dho.va.¯\> neut.

attrition.

0ovu& /d˙o.vu~/ <dho.vu~> v.tr. 1. to wash

2. to clean.

0oX /d˙oÆ/ <dho.Æ\> neut. a kind of

devotional song.

0oXu& /d˙o.Æu~/ <dho.Æu~> adj. white.

)yan /d˙ja.n\/ <dhj.n\> neut. attention.

)yey /d˙jej/ <dhje.j\> masc. goal.

0/ujarI /d˙ru.Ôa.ri/ <dhru.Ôa.rii> fem.

trembling.

)vj /d´v\Ô/ <dhv\.Ô\> masc. a flag.

)vin /d˙va.ni/ <dhv\.ni> masc. sound.

nkl /n\.k\l/ <n\.k\.l\> fem. 1. a copy

2. a transcript.

nklI /n\k.li/ <n\.k\.lii> adj. 1.

artificial 2. unoriginal.

nk=Ikam /n\k.ßi.kam/ <n\.k\.ßii.ka.m\>

neut. carving.

nk=o /n\k.ßo/ <n\.k\.ßo> masc. 1. a

map 2. an outline.

nkamu& /n.ka.mu~/ <n\.ka.mu~> adj.

useless.

nkar /n\.kar/ <n\.ka.r\> masc.

negation.

101

nkUco /n\.ku.co/ <n\.kuu.co> masc. a

hook for locking.

nkor6o /n\.kor.Îo/ <n\.ko.r\.Îo> adj.

without food and water (fasting).

nkkr /n\k.k\r/ <n\.kk\.r\> adj. 1.

solid 2. authentic.

nkkI /n\k.ki/ <n\.kki> adj. 1. sure 2.

certain 3. fixed.

nx{a /n\.kß\.tr\/ <n\.kß\.tr\> neut. a

constellation.

n` /n\k˙/ <n\.kh\> masc. a nail.

n`raXu& /n\k˙.ra.Æu~/ <n\.kh\.ra.Æu~> adj.

1. prudish 2. coquettish.

n`ra`or /n\k˙.ra.k˙or/

<n\.kh\.ra.kho.r\> adj. 1. prudish 2.

coquettish.

n`rabaj /n\k˙.ra~.baÔ/ <n\.kh\.ra.ba.Ô\>

adj. 1. prudish 2. coquettish.

n`ru& /n\k˙.ru~/ <n\.kh\.ru~> neut. 1.

prudery 2. coquetry.

n`lI /n\k˙.li/ <n\.kh\.lii> fem. a nail-

polish.

n`i=` /n\k˙.ßik˙/ <n\.kh\.ßi.kh\> adj.

from the toe to the head.

n~`od /n\k˙.k˙od/ <n\.khokho.d\>

neut. 1.end of a family generation 2.

complete destruction.

ng8u& /n\.g\.¯u~/ <n\.g\.¯u~> adj.

ungrateful.

ngd /n\.g\d/ <n\.g\.d\> adj. in cash.

ngr /n\.g\r/ <n\.g\.r\> neut. a city.

ngrI /n\g.ri/ <n\.g\.rii> fem. a small

city.

ngru& /n\g.ru~/ <n\.g\.ru~> adj. 1. a

person who has no guru 2. shameless.

nGn /n\g.n\/ <n\.gn\> adj. 1. naked 2.

nude 3. shameless.

nic&t /n\.ci~nt/ <n\.ci~.t\> adj. free from

worries.

n2U4ke /n\.c˙uˇ.ke/ <na.chuu.t\.ke>

advb. 1. compulsorily 2. helplessly.

njdIk /n\Ô.dik/ <n\.Ô\.dii.k\> advb. 1.

near 2. beside.

njr /n\.Ô\r/ <n\.Ô\.r\> fem. sight.

njra8u& /n\Ô.ra.¯u~/ <n\.Ô\.ra.¯u~> neut. a

gift.

njravu& /n\Ô.ra.vu~/ <n\.Ô\.ra.¯u~> v.intr.

to be the victim of evil sight.

njronjr /n\Ô.ro.n\.Ô\r/

<n\.Ô\.ro.n\.Ô\.r\> advb. in front of.

n@k /n\.Ôik/ <n\.Ôii.k\> postp. 1. near

2. beside.

n@vu& /n\.Ôi.vu~/ <n\.Ôii.vu~> adj.

insignificant (in amount and quantity).

n4 /n\ˇ/ <n\.ˇ\> masc. a male actor.

n4I /n\.ˇi/ <n\.ˇii> fem. a female actor.

102

n5aru& /n\.ˇ˙a.ru~/ <n\.ˇha.ru~> adj. 1.

wicked 2. harmful.

n5or /n\.ˇ˙or/ <n\.ˇho.r\> adj. 1.

heartless 2. cruel.

n6tr /n\Î.t\r/ <n\.Î\.t\.r\> neut. 1. an

obstruction 2. troubles assumed to be

created by ghosts and evil spirits.

n8dl /n\¯.d\l/ <n\.¯\.d\.l\> fem.

husband’s sister.

n8dI /n\¯.di/ <n\.¯\.dii> fem.

husband’s sister.

n8do; /n\¯.do.i/ <n\.¯\.do.ii> fem.

husband’s sister’s husband.

ntIjo /n\.ti.Ôo/ <n\.tii.Ôo> masc. 1.

result 2. an outcome.

n8&d /n\.¯\nd/ <n\~.¯\.d\> fem.

husband’s sister.

n9 /n\t˙/ <n\.th\> fem. a nose-ring.

n9I /t\.t˙i/ <n\.thii> neg. is not.

ndI /n\.di/ <n\.dii> fem. a river.

n0i8yatu& /n\.d˙\.¯i.ja.tu~/

<n\.dh\.¯i.ja,tu~> adj. 1. unguarded 2.

stray.

nnamI /n\.na.mi/ <n\.na.mii> fem. a

bier.

nnamu& /n\.na.mu~/ <n\.na.mu~> adj.

nameless.

nNno /n\n.no/ <n\.nno> masc.

negation.

npas /n\.pas/ <n\.pa.s\> adj. fail.

npu&sk /n\.pu~m.s\k/ <n\.pu~.s\.k\> adj.

1. impotent 2. neuter gender.

nfkru& /n\.p˙\k.ru~/ <n\.ph\.k\.ru~> adj.

careless.

nf\f4 /n\p˙.p˙\ˇ/ <n\.phph\.ˇ\> adj.

1.shameless 2. rude.

nfa`or /n\.p˙a.k˙or/ <n\.pha.kho.r\>

adj. inclined to profiteering.

nifkru& /n\.p˙ik.ru~/ adj. careless.

nfo /n\.p˙o/ <n\.pho> masc. profit.

nbXa; /n\b.Æa.i/ <n\.b\.Æa.ii> fem.

weakness.

nbXu& /n\b.Æu~/ <n\.b\.Æu~> adj. weak.

nbapu& /n\.ba.pu~/ <n\.ba.pu~> adj.

fatherless.

n- /n\b˙/ <n\.bh\> neut. the sky.

n-vu& /n\b˙.vu~/ <n\.bh\.vu~> v.intr. to

last.

nmk /n\.m\k/ <n\.m\.k\> neut. salt.

nm8u& /n\m.¯u~/ <n\.m\.¯u~> adj.

humble.

nmn /n\.m\n/ <n\.m\.n\> neut. a

bowing in reverence.

nmvu& /n\m.vu~/ <n\.m\.vu~> v.intr. to

bend down.

nmaj /n\.maÔ/ <n\.ma.Ô\> fem. prayer

to god (in Islam).

103

nmayu& /n\.ma.ju~/ <n\.ma.ju~> adj.

orphan.

nmUi2yu& /n\.mu.c˙i.ju~/ <n\.muu.chi.ju~>

adj. having no mustache.

nmUnedar /n\.mu.ne.dar/

<n\.mu.ne.da.r\> adj. ideal.

nmUno /n\.mu.no/ <n\.muu.no> masc.

1. a sample 2. a model.

nm/ /n\m.r\/ <n\.mr\> adj. humble.

nyn /n\.j\n/ <n\.j\.n\> fem. am eye.

nr /n\r/ <n\.r\> masc. a male.

nrk /n\.r\k/ <n\.r\.k\> neut. hell.

nrjait /n\r.Ôa.ti/ <n\.r\.Ôa.ti> fem. the

male class.

ntRk /n\r.t\k/ <n\.rt\.k\> masc. a male

dancer.

ntRkI /n\r.t\.ki/ <n\.rt\.kii> fem. a

female dancer.

nXakar /n\.Æa.kar/ <n\.Æa.ka.r\> adj.

cylindrical.

nv /n\v/ <n\.Æa.ka.r\> adj. nine.

nvjuvan /n\v.Ôu.van/ <n\.v\.Ôu.va.n\>

masc. a blooming youth.

nv@vn /n\v.Ôi.v\n/ <n\.v\.Ôii.v\.n\>

neut. new life.

nvjot /n\v.Ôot/ <n\.v\.Ôo.t\> fem. the

sacred-thread ceremony of the Parsi

comunity.

nvtr /n\v.t\r/ <n\.v\.t\.r\> adj. novel.

nv0a /n\v.d˙a/ <n\.v\.dha> fem. nine

types of Bhakti.

nvra= /n\v.raß/ <n\.v\.ra.ß\> fem.

leisure.

nvru& /n\v.ru~/ <n\.v\.ru~> adj.

unemployed.

nvlk9a /n\.v\l.k\.t˙a/ <n\.v\.l\.k\.tha>

fem. novel.

nvilka /n\v.li.ka/ <n\.v\.li.ka> fem.

short story.

nvv0U /n\v.v\.d˙u/ <n\.v\.v\.dhuu>

fem. a bride.

nv=eku& /n\v.ße.ku/ <n\.v\.ße.ku~> adj.

lukwarm.

nvS{au& /n\.v\s.tru~/ <n\.v\.stru~> adj.

undressed.

nva; /n\.va.i/ <n\.va.ii> fem. a wonder.

nvajvu& /n\.vaÔ.vu~/ <n\.va.Ô\.vu~> v.tr.

to honor.

nvajUnI /n\.va.Ôu.ni/ <n\.va.Ôuu.nii>

fem. a new development.

nvIn /n\.vin/ <n\.vii.n\> adj. new.

nvu& /n\.vu~/ <n\.vu~> adj. new.

104

nvesr9I /n\.ve.s\r.t˙i/ <n\.ve.s\.r\.thii>

advb. to start a work again from the

beginning.

nVva8u& /n\v.va.¯u~/ <n\.vva.¯u~> adj.

ninety nine.

n=o /n\.ßo/ <n\.ßo> masc. intoxication.

ns /n\s/ <n\.s\> fem. a vein.

nskoru& /n\s.ko.ru~/ <n\s.ko.ru~> neut. 1.

a nostril 2. the nose.

nsIb /n\.sib/ <n\.sii.b\> neut. 1. fate

2. fortune.

nih /n\.hi/ <n\.hi> advb. 1. no 2. not.

nihvt\ /n\.hi.v\t/ <n\.hi.v\.t> adj.

slightly.

nher /n\.her/ <n\.he.r\> fem. a canal.

nhor /n\.hor/ <n\.ho.r\> masc. a claw.

niXyu& /n\.Æi.ju~/ <n\.Æi.ju~> neut. a roof

tile.

nXI /n\.Æi/ <n\.Æii> fem. a tube.

n&g /n\˜.g\/ <n\~.g\> neut. a unit of a

thing.

na /na/ <na> advb. 1. no 2. not.

na;laj /na.i.laÔ/ <na.i.la.Ô\> adj.

incurable.

nak /nak/ <na.k\> neut. the nose.

naku& /na.ku~/ <na.ku~> neut. 1. the eye of

a needle 2. an entrance or end of a road

3. a hole.

na`vu& /nak˙.vu~/ <na.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

throw.

nag /nag/ <na.g\> masc. a male cobra.

nag8 /na.g\¯/ <na.g\.¯\> fem. a

female cobra.

nagr /na.g\r/ <na.g\.r\> masc. a

community of that name.

nagrvel /na.g\r.vel/ <na.g\.r\.ve.l\>

fem. the betel plant.

nagirk /nag.rik/ <na.g\.ri.k\> masc. a

citizen.

nagrI /nag.ri/ <na.g\.rii> adj. 1. related

to the Nagar community, 2. civilized, 3.

urban.

nagu& /na.gu~/ <na.gu~> adj. 1. naked 2.

nude.

nac /nac/ <na.c\> masc. a dance.

nacvu& /nac.vu~/ <na.c\.vu~> v.intr. to

dance.

na2U4ke /na.c˙uˇ.ke/ <na.chuu.ˇ\.ke>

advb. helplessly.

najuk /na.Ôuk/ <na.Ôu.k\> adj. tender.

na4k /na.ˇ\k/ <na.ˇ\.k\> neut. 1. a

drama 2. a play.

na4kkar /na.ˇ\k.kar/ <na.ˇ\.k\.ka.r\>

masc. 1. a playwright 2. a dramatist.

105

na4kIyu& /na.ˇ\.ki.ju~/ <na.ˇ\.kii.ju~> adj. 1.

dramatic 2. not real.

nai4ka /na.ˇi.ka/ <na.ˇi.ka> fem. a short

play.

na6a26I /na.Îa.c˙\.Îi/ <na.Îa.ch\.Îii>

fem. a many colored cotton string used

in various rituals.

na6I /na.Îi/ <na.Îii> fem. 1. a vain 2. an

artery.

na6u& /na.Îu~/ <na.Îu~> neut. a string of a

garment.

na8vu& /na¯.vu~/ <na.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to

examine.

na8akIy /na.¯a.kij/ <na.¯a.kii.j\> adj. 1.

monetary 2. financial.

na8abjar /na.¯a.b\.Ôar/

<na.¯a.b\.Ôha.r\> neut. money-

market.

na8a-I6 /na.¯a.b˙iÎ/ <na.¯a.bhii.Î\>

fem. financial stringency.

na8u& /na.¯u~/ <na.¯u~> neut. money.

nat /nat/ <na.t\> fem. a caste.

natvro /nat.v\.ro/ <na.t\.v\.ro> masc.

a caste-dinner.

natal /na.tal/ <na.ta.l\> fem. the

Christmas.

nato /na.to/ <na.to> masc. relation.

na9 /nat˙/ <na.th\> masc. 1. a master 2.

the husband.

nadan /na.dan/ <na.da.n\> adj.

childish.

nadar /na.dar/ <na.da.r\> adj. bankrupt.

nan`4a; /nan.k˙\.ˇa.i/ <na.n\.kh\.ˇa.ii>

fem. a kind of sweet.

nanp /na.n\p/ <na.n\.p\> fem.

inferiority complex.

nanm /na.n\m/ <na.n\.m\> fem.

inferiority complex.

nanp8 /nan.p\¯/ <na.n\.p\.¯\> neut.

childhood.

nanu& /na.nu~/ <na.nu~> adj. small.

napas /na.pas/ <na.pa.s\> adj. failed.

nai- /na.b˙i/ <na.bhi> fem. the navel.

nam /nam/ <na.m\> neut. a name.

namcIn /nam.cin/ <na.m\.cii.n\> adj.

infamous.

nam5am /nam.ˇ˙am/ <na.m\.ˇha.m\>

neut. a person’s name and address.

namdar /nam.dar/ <na.m\.da.r\> adj.

honorable.

namna /nam.na/ <na.m\.na> fem. fame.

namu& /na.mu~/ <na.mu~> neut. a credit

and debit account.

nayk /na.j\k/ <na.j\.k\> masc. a hero of

a novel, a play etc.

106

naiyka /na.ji.ka/ <na.ji.ka> fem. a

heroine of a novel, a play etc.

nar&gI /na.r\˜.gi/ <na.r\~.gii> fem. an

orange.

naraj /na.raÔ/ <na.ra.Ô\> adj.

displeased.

nairyeX /na.ri.jeÆ/ <na.ri.je.Æ\> neut. 1. a

coconut 2. a coconut tree.

narI /na.ri/ <na.rii> fem. a woman.

nalayk /na.la.j\k/ <na.la.j\.k\> adj.

unworthy.

nav /nav/ <na.v\> fem. a small boat.

naivk /na.vik/ <na.vi.k\> masc. 1. a

sailor 2. a boatman.

na= /naß/ <na.ß\> masc. destruction.

nas /nas/ <na.s\> masc. inhalation of

vapor for curing a disease.

naspit /nas.p\.ti/ <na.s\.p\.ti> neut. a

pear fruit or tree.

nas-ag /nas.b˙ag/ <na.s\.bha.g\> fem.

a retreat.

nasvu& /nas.vu~/ <na.s\.vu~> v.intr. to run

away.

naSto /nas.to/ <na.sto> masc. a

breakfast.

nahk /na.h\k/ <na.h\.k\> advb.

unnecessarily.

nahvu& /nah.vu~/ <na.h\.vu~> v.intr. to

bathe.

naX /naÆ/ <na.Æ\> fem. a horse shoe.

naXcu& /naÆ.cu~/ <na.Æ\.cu~> neut. a funnel.

naXu& /na.Æu~/ <na.Æu~> neut. a rivulet.

inkal /ni.kal/ <ni.ka.l\> masc. 1.

disposal 2. judgment.

inkas /ni.kas/ <ni.ka.s\> fem. export.

inkah /ni.kah/ <ni.ka.h\> masc. Muslim

marriage.

in`als /ni.k˙a.l\s/ <ni.kha.l\.s\> adj.

open-hearted.

ingU7 /ni.guÎ˙/ <ni.guu.Îh\> adj.

mysterious.

incovvu& /ni.cov.cu~/ <ni.cho.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to squeeze 2. to extract.

injan&d /ni.Ôa.n\nd/ <ni.Ôa.n\~.d\> masc.

the joy caused by self-realization.

intarvu& /ni.tar.vu~/ <ni.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

filter.

inTy /ni.tj\/ <ni.tj\> adj. eternal.

inTykmR /nit.j\.k\r.ma/ <ni.tj\.k\.rm\>

neut. daily worship.

indan /ni.dan/ <ni.da.n\> neut.

diagnosis.

in0n /ni.d˙\n/ <ni.dh\.n\> neut. death.

inpu8 /ni.pu¯/ <ni.pu.¯\> adj. expert.

107

inb&0 /ni.b\nd˙/ <ni.b\~.dh\> masc. an

essay.

in-avvu& /ni.b˙av.vu~/ <ni.bha.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to maintain.

inm8U&k /nim.¯u~k/ <ni.m\.¯u~.k\> fem.

an appointment.

inm&{a8 /ni.m\n.tr\¯/ <ni.m\~.tr\.¯\>

neut. an invitation.

inm&{avu& /ni.m\n.tr\.vu~/ <ni.m\~.tr\.vu~>

v.tr. to invite.

inma6o /ni.ma.Îo/ <ni.ma.Îo> masc. a

potter’s kiln.

inym /ni.j\m/ <ni.j\.m\> masc. a rule.

inymn /ni.j\.m\n/ <ni.j\.m\.n\> neut.

controlling.

inyimt /ni.j\.mit/ <ni.j\.mi.t\> adj.

regular.

inyamk /ni.ja.m\k/ <ni.ja.m\.k\> masc.

1. director 2. controller.

inyuikt /ni.juk.ti/ <ni.ju.kti> fem.

appointment.

inrxr /ni.r\.kß\r/ <ni.r\.kß\.r\> adj.

illiterate.

inrpex /nir.pek.ß\/ <ni.r\.pe.kß\> adj.

independent.

inr9Rk /ni.r\r.t˙\k/ <ni.rth\.k\> adj.

useless.

inr&ku= /ni.r\˜.kuß/ <ni.r\~.ku.ß\> adj.

uncontrolled.

inr&tr /ni.r\n.t\r/ <ni.r\~.t\.r\> adj.

1incessant.

inrakrr8 /ni.ra.k\.r\¯/ <ni,ra.k\.r\.¯\>

neut. 1. settlement 2. disposal.

inrakar /ni.ra.kar/ <ni.ra.ka.r\> adj.

shapeless.

inra0ar /ni.ra.d˙ar/ <ni.ra.dha.r\> adj.

1. orphan 2. support less.

inra= /ni.raß/ <ni.ra.sh\> adj.

disappointed.

inraXu& /ni.ra.Æu~/ <ni.ra.Æu~> adj. 1.

peculiar 2. distinct 3. different.

inra&t /ni.ra~t/ <ni.ra~.t\> fem. 1. peace 2.

repose.

inrIxk /ni.ri.kß\k/ <ni.ri.kß\.k\> masc.

1. an observer 2. an inspector.

inru]ar /ni.ru.tt\r/ <ni.ru.tt\.r\> neut. 1.

un-answering 2. silent, 3. speechless in

response.

inrupyogI /ni.rup.jo.gi/ <ni.ru.p\.jo.gii>

adj. useless.

in£p8 /ni.ru.p\¯/ <ni.ruu.p\.¯\> neut.

narration.

in£pvu& /ni.rup.vu~/ <ni.ruu.p\.vu~> v.tr.

to narrate.

injRn /nir.Ô\n/ <ni.rÔ\.n\> adj.

uninhabited.

injRX /nir.Ô\Æ/ <ni.rÔ\.Æ\> adj. 1. dry 2.

waterless.

108

in@Rv /nir.Ôiv/ <ni.rÔii.v\> adj. lifeless.

in8Ry /nir.¯\j/ <ni.r¯\.j\> masc.

decision.

in8aRyk /nir.¯a.j\k/ <ni.r¯a.j\.k\> adj.

decisive.

indRy /nir.d\j/ <ni.rd\.j\> adj. cruel.

indeR= /nir.deß/ <ni.rde.ß\> masc. an

indication.

indoRq /nir.doß/ <ni.rdo.s°\> adj.

innocent.

in0Rn /nir.d˙\n/ <ni.rdh\.n\> adj.

moneyless.

in0aRr /nir.d˙ar/ <ni.rdha.r\> masc.

determination.

inbRX /nir.b\/ <ni.rb\.Æ\> adj.

powerless.

in-Ry /nir.b˙\j/ <ni.rbh\.j\> adj.

fearless.

in-eRX /nir.b˙e/ <ni.rbhe.Æ\> adj.

unadulterated.

inmRX /nir.m\Æ/ <ni.rm\.Æ\> adj. without

dirt.

inmaR8 /nir.ma¯/ <ni.rma.¯\> neut. a

creation.

inmaRLy /nir.ma.lj\/ <ni.rma.lj\> adj.

powerless.

inmURX /nir.muÆ/ <ni.rmuu.Æ\> adj.

rootless.

invaR8 /nir.va¯/ <nir.va.¯\> neut.

salvation.

invaRist /nir.va.sit/ <ni.rva.si.t\> adj.

refugee.

invaRh /nir.vah/ <nir.va.h\> masc.

maintenance.

inivR#n /nir.vign/ <ni.rvi.ghn\> adj. free

from obstacles.

invarvu& /ni.var.vu~/ <ni.va.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

prevent.

invas /ni.vas/ <ni.va.si> masc.

residence.

invasI /ni.va.si/ <ni.va.sii> masc. a

resident.

inv<]a /ni.vru.tt\/ <ni.vr≤u.tt\> adj.

retired.

inv<i]a /ni.vrut.ti/ <ni.vr≤u.tti> fem.

retirement.

inve6o /ni.ve.Îo/ <ni.ve.Îo> masc.

.settlement 2. verdict.

invedn /ni.ve.d\n/ <ni.ve.d\.n\> neut. a

statement.

in=an /ni.ßan/ <ni.ßa.n\> neut. 1. target

2. a mark.

in=anI /ni.ßa.ni/ <ni.ßa.nii> fem. a mark.

in=aX /ni.ßaÆ/ <ni.ßa.Æ\> fem. a school.

in=aiXyo /ni.ßa.Æi.jo/ <ni.ßa.Æi.jo> masc.

1. a school boy 2. a student.

109

in¾y /niß.c\.j\/ <ni.ßc\.j\> masc. a

determination.

ini¾t /niß.cit/ <ni.ßci.t\> adj. decided.

in¼as /niß.vas/ <ni.ßva.s\> masc. a

sigh.

inqe0 /ni.ßed˙/ <ni.s°e.dh\> masc.

prohibition.

inQkl&k /niß.ka.la˜k/ <ni.s°k\.l\~.k\> adj.

1. free from blamsih.

inQk/Iy /niß.kri.j\/ <ni.s°krii.j\> adj.

inactive.

inQ5a /niß.ˇ˙a/ <ni.s°ˇha> fem.

faithfulness.

inQ5ur /niß.ˇur/ <ni.s°ˇhu.r\> adj. 1. cruel

2. merciless.

inQ8at /niß.¯at/ <ni.s°¯a.t\> adj. an

expert.

inQpx /niß.p\k.ß\/ <ni.s°p\.kß\> adj.

impartial.

inQpap /niß.pap/ <ni.s°pa.p\> adj.

sinless.

inQp/a8 /niß.pra¯/ <ni.s°pra.¯\> adj. 1.

weak 2. spiritless.

inQfX /niß.p˙\l/ <ni.s°ph\.Æ\> adj.

unsuccessful.

insr8I /ni.s\r.¯i/ <ni.s\.r\.¯ii> fem. a

ladder.

insaso /ni.sa.so/ <ni.sa.so> masc. a

sigh.

inStej /nis.teÔ/ <ni.ste.Ô\> adj. 1. dim 2.

dull.

inSbt /nis.b\t/ <ni.sb\.t\> fem. 1.

relation 2. concern.

inhairka /ni.ha.ri.ka/ <ni.ha.ri.ka> fem.

a nebula.

inhaXvu& /ni.haÆ.vu~/ <ni.ha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to

see with full attention.

in&dvu& /nind.vu~/ <ni~.d\.vu~> v.tr. . to

backbite.

in&da /nin.da/ <ni~.da> fem. backbiting.

inŠ=Bd /ni.ß\b.d\/ <ni:.ß\.bd\> adj.

silent.

inŠ=S{a /ni.ß\s.tr\/ <ni:.ß\.str\> adj.

unarmed.

inŠ=uLk /ni.ßul.k\/ <ni:.ßu.lk\> adj. free

of charge.

inŠs&tan /ni.s\n.tan/ <ni:.s\~.ta.n\> adj.

childless.

inŠs&deh /ni.s\n.deh/ <ni:.s\~.de.h\> adj.

without any doubt.

inŠSva9R /ni.svar.th\/ <ni:.sva.rth\> adj.

unselfish.

nIk /nik/ <nii.k\> fem. a drain.

nIkXvu& /ni.k\Æ.vu~/ <nii.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to come out 2. to go out 3. to appear.

nIc /nic/ <nii.c\> adj. 1. wicked 2.

mean.

110

nIcajo8u& /ni.ca.Ôo.¯u~/ <nii.ca.Ôo.¯u~>

neut. shameful condition.

nIca8 /ni.ca¯/ <nii.ca.¯\> neut.

descent.

nIcu& /ni.cu~/ <nii.cu~> adj. 1. low 2. vile.

nI6r /ni.Î\r/ <nii.Î\.r\> adj. fearless.

nItrvu& /ni.t\r.vu~/ <nii.t\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to ooze 2. to be filtered.

nItyuR& /nit.rju~/ <nii.t\.rju~> adj. filtered.

nIit /ni.ti/ <nii.ti> fem. morality.

nIit=aS{a /ni.ti.ßas.tr\/ <nii.ti.ßa.str\>

neut. ethics.

nIpj /ni.p\Ô/ <nii.p\.Ô\> fem. product.

nIpjvu& /ni.p\Ô.vu~/ <nii.p\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.

to be produced.

nIm /nim/ <nii.m\> masc. a religious

vow.

nImvu& /nim.vu~/ <nii.m\.vu~> v.tr. to

appoint.

nIr`vu& /ni.r\k˙.vu~/ <nii.r\.kh\.vu~> v.tr.

to observe.

nIr8 /ni.r\¯/ <nii.r\.¯\> neut. fodder.

nIrv /ni.r\v/ <nii.r\.v\> adj. noiseless.

nIrvu& /nir.vu~/ <nii.r\.vu~> v.tr. to feed

cattle fodder.

nIrogI /ni.ro.gi/ <nii.ro.gii> adj.

healthy.

nIl /nil/ <nii.l\> adj. dark-blue.

nIv6vu& /ni.v\Î.vu~/ <nii.v\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

to be accomplished.

nI&d8 /nin.d\¯/ <nii~.d\.¯\> neut. the

act of removing weeds.

nI&dvu& /nind.vu~/ <nii~.d\.vu~> v.tr. to

weed.

nuksan /nuk.san/ <nu.k\.sa.n\> neut.

damage.

nUtn /nu.t\n/ <nuu.t\.n\> adj. new.

nUr /nur/ <nuu.r\> neut. fright.

n<Ty /nrut.j\/ <nr≤u.tj\> neut. a dance.

nek /nek/ <ne.k\> adj. honest.

neta /ne.ta/ <ne.ta> masc. a leader.

netagIrI /ne.ta.gi.ri/ <ne.ta.gii.rii> fem.

leadership.

nevu& /ne.vu~/ <ne.vu~> adj. ninety.

neVya=I /nev.ja.ßi/ <ne.vja.ßii> adj.

eighty nine.

nEitk /n\i.tik/ <n\i.ti.k\> adj. 1. ethical

2. moral.

nE¢Ty /n\i.rut.j\/ <n\i.ru≤.tj\> adj.

south-west (direction).

nEved /n\i.ved/ <n\i.ve.d\> masc. the

food offered to a god or deity.

111

nEsigRk /n\i.s\r.gik/ <n\i.s\r.gi.k\> adj.

natural.

nokr /no.k\r/ <no.k\.r\> masc. a male

servant.

nokr=ahI /no.k\r.ßa.hi/ <no.k\.r\.ßa.hii>

fem. a bureaucracy.

nokiryat /no.k\.ri.jat/ <no.k\.ri.ja.t\>

adj.

salaried (person).

notrvu& /no.t\r.vu~/ <no.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

give a formal invitation on an auspicious

occasion.

notru& /not.ru~/ <no.t\.ru~> neut. a formal

invitation.

no0aru& /no.d˙a.ru~/ <no.dha.ru~> adj.

support less.

nobt /nob\t/ <no.b\.t\> fem. a big

drum used normally in temples.

nom /nom/ <no.m\> fem. ninth day of

the bright or dark half of a Hindu month.

noiXyo /no.Æi.jo/ <no.Æi.jo> masc. a

mongoose.

no&0 /nø~d˙/ <no~.dh\> fem. a noting

down.

nOka /n\u.ka/ <n\u.ka> fem. a boat.

nOkadX /n\u.ka.d\Æ/ <n\u.ka.d\.Æ\>

neut. navy.

Nyat /njat/ <nja.t\> fem. a caste.

NyatIlu& /nja.ti.lu~/ <nja.tii.lu~> adj. a

person from the same caste.

Nyay /njaj/ <nja.j\> masc. justice.

Nyaya0I= /nja.ja.d˙iß/ <nja.ja.dhii.ß\>

masc. a judge.

NyayI /njaji/ <nja.jii> adj. righteous.

pk6 /p\.k\Î/ <p\.k\.Î\> fem. an act of

holding or gripping.

pk6vu& /p\.k\Î.vu~/ <p\.k\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to hold 2. to catch 3. to grasp.

pkvvu& /p\.k\v.vu~/ <p\.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to ripen 2. to cook 3. to produce

pkvan /p\k.van/ <p\.k\.va.n\> neut.

sweets.

px /p\k.ß\/ <p\.kß\> masc. 1. side 2. a

party (political).

pxa3at /p\k.ßa.g˙at/ <p\.kßa.gha.t\>

masc. paralysis.

pxpat /p\k.ß\.pat/ <p\.kß\.pa.t\>

masc. partiality.

pxapxI /p\k.ßa.p\k.ßi/ <p\.kßa.p\.kßii>

fem. discord.

pxI /p\k.ßi/ <p\.kßii> neut. a bird.

p`vaj /p\k˙.vaÔ/ <p\.kh\.va.Ô\> fem. a

kind of drum.

p`vai6yu& /p\k˙.va.Îi.ju~/

<p\.kh\.va.Îi.ju~> neut. a fortnight.

p`vai6k /p\k˙.va.Îik/ <p\.kh\.va.Îi.k\>

adj. fortnightly.

112

p`aXvu& /p\.k˙aÆ.vu~/ <p\.kha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

to wash (formal).

pg /p\g/ <p\.g\> masc. 1. a leg 2. a

foot.

pgi9yu& /p\.g\.t˙i.ju~/ <p\.g\.thi.ju~> neut.

a footstep.

pgpaXu& /p\g.pa.Æu~/ <p\.g\.pa.Æu~> adj.

pedestrian.

pgpesaro /p\g.pe.sa.ro/ <p\.g\.pe.sa.ro>

masc. intrusion.

pg-r /p\g.b˙\r/ <p\.g\.bh\.r\> adj.

self-reliant.

pgr`u& /p\.g\r.k˙u~/ <p\.g\.r\.khu~> neut.

a shoe.

pgrv /p\g.r\v/ <p\.g\.r\.v\> masc.

the sound of foot-steps.

pglu& /p\g.lu~/ <p\.g\.lu~> neut. a

footprint.

pgar /p\.gar/ <p\.ga.r\> masc. 1. pay

2. salary.

pgI /p\.gi/ <p\.gi> masc. 1. a foot-print

reader 2. a village watchman.

pgeru& /p\.ge.ru~/ <p\.ge.ru~> neut. a

foortprint.

pcr&gI /p\c.r\˜.gi/ <p\.c\.r\~.gii> adj.

colorful.

pcvu& /p\c.vu~/ <p\.c\.vu~> v.intr. to be

digested.

pcas /p\.cas/ <p\.ca.s\> adj. fifty.

pCcIs /p\c.cis/ <p\.ccii.s\> adj. 25

(twenty five).

p26a4 /p\ch.Îaˇ/ <p\.ch\.Îa.ˇ\> fem.

an act of being knocked.

p2a6vu& /p\.c˙aÎ.vu~/ <p\.cha.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to throw 2. to defeat .

p2at /p\.c˙at/ <p\.cha.t\> adj.

backward.

p2I /p\.c˙i/ <p\.chii> postp.

afterwards.

p2It /p\.c˙it/ <p\.chii.t\> fem. a rear

wall of a building.

p2e6I /p\.c˙e.Îi/ <p\.che.Îii> fem. a

kind of shawl.

pjv8I /p\.Ô\v.¯i/ <p\.Ô\.v\.¯ii> fem.

harassment.

pjvvu& /p\.Ô\v.vu~/ <p\.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

harass.

p4ko /p\ˇ.ko/ <p\.ˇ\.ko> masc. a small

piece of cloth used to wra round the

waist or

the head.

p4p4 /p\ˇ.p\ˇ/ <p\.ˇ\.p\.ˇ\> advb.

quickly.

p4p4avvu& /p\ˇ.p\.ˇav.vu~/

<p\.ˇ\.p\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to wag.

p4la; /p\ˇ.lai/ <p\.ˇ\.la.ii> fem. a

village headman’s duty.

113

p4la8I /p\ˇ.la.¯i/ <p\.ˇ\.la.¯ii> fem. 1.

the wife of the village headman 2. the

wife of a Patel.

p4abaj /p\.ˇa.baÔ/ <p\.ˇa.ba.Ô\> adj.

skilled in swordsmanship.

p4aba@ /p\.ˇa.ba.Ôi/ <p\.ˇa.ba.Ôii> fem.

skill in swordmanship.

p4am8I /p\.ˇam.¯i/ <p\.ˇa.m\.¯ii> fem.

deceit by flattering.

p4avvu& /p\.ˇav.vu~/ <p\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

cheat by flattery.

p4avaXo /p\.ˇa.va.Æo/ <p\.ˇa.va.Æo> masc.

a peon.

p4\4I /p\ˇ.ˇi/ <p\.ˇˇii> fem. a strip.

p4el /p\.ˇel/ <p\.ˇe.l\> masc. 1. the

headman of a caste 2. the headman of a

village 3. a surname so named 4. the

name of a community.

p4\4o /p\ˇ.ˇo/ <p\.ˇˇo> masc. a belt.

p6 /p\Î/ <p\.Î\> neut. a layer.

p6kar /p\Î.kar/ <p\.Î\.ka.r\> masc. a

challenge.

p6`u& /p\Î.k˙u~/ <p\.Î\.khu~> neut. a

side.

p62ayo /p\Î.c˙a.jo/ <p\Î.cha.jo> masc.

a shadow.

p6tr /p\Î.t\r/ <p\.Î\.t\.r\> adj. a

base price.

p6tr /p\Î.t\r/ <p\.Î\.t\.r\> adj.

uncultivated (land).

p6tI /p\Î.ti/ <p\.Î\.tii> fem. a fall.

p6tu& /p\Î.tu~/ <p\.Î\.tu~> adj. 1.

decaying 2. falling.

p6do /p\Î.do/ <p\.Î\.do> masc. a

curtain.

p6pU2 /p\Î.puc˙/ <p\.Î\.puu.ch\> fem.

inquiry.

p6vu& /p\Î.vu~/ <p\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to fall.

p6vo /p\Î.vo/ <p\.Î\.vo> masc. the

first day of the first or second fortnight

of a Hindu month.

p6av /p\.Îav/ <p\.Îa.v\> masc. a

camp.

pi6yo /p\.Îi.jo/ <p\.Îi.jo> masc. a bowl

made of leaves.

p6I /p\.Îi/ <p\.Îii> fem. a small

packet.

p6IkI /p\.Îi.ki/ <p\.Îii.kii> fem. a very

small packet.

p6Iku& /p\.Îi.ku~/ <p\.Îii.ku~> neut. a

small packet.

p8 /p\¯/ <p\.¯\> conj. 1. but 2. stll 3.

yet.

p82 /p\.¯\c˙/ <p\.¯\.ch\> fem. the

string of a bow.

pt /p\t/ <p\.ˇ\> neut. laprosy.

ptn /p\.t\n/ <p\.ˇ\.n\> neut. 1. a fall

2. a defeat.

114

ptrI /p\t.ri/ <p\.t\.rii> fem. a small

thin metal piece.

ptru& /p\t.ru~/ <p\.t\.ru~> neut. a sheet of

metal.

ptvu& /p\t.vu~/ <p\.t\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to be

settled (account), 2. to end 3. to be

concluded.

pt&g /p\.t\˜.g\/ <p\.t\~.g\> masc. a

kite.

pt&igyu& /p\.t\˜.gi.ju~/ <p\.t\~.gi.ju~> neut.

a butterfly.

ptak6u& /p\.tak.Îu~/ <p\.ta.k\.Îu~> neut.

a small piece of paper.

ptav4 /p\.ta.v\ˇ/ <p\.ta.v\.ˇ\> fem. a

settlement.

ptavvu& /p\.tav.vu~/ <p\.ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to settle 2. finalise.

ptasu& /p\.ta.su~/ <p\.ta.su~> neut. a kind

of cookie.

pit /p\.ti/ <p\.ti> masc. the husband.

pityu& /p\.ti.ju~/ <p\.ti.ju~> adj. suffering

from leprosy.

p]au /p\t.tu~/ <p\.ttu~> neut. 1. a leaf 2. a

playing card.

p]ao /p\t.to/ <p\.tto> masc. 1.

whereabouts 2. address.

pTnI /p\t.ni/ <p\.tnii> fem. the wife.

p{a /p\t.r\/ <p\.tr\> masc. a letter.

p{akar /p\.tr\.kar/ <p\.tr\.ka.r\> masc.

a journalist.

p{akar]v /p\tr.ka.r\t.r\/

<p\.tr\.ka.r\.tv\> neut. journalism.

p{aVyvhar /p\.tr\.vj\v.har/

<p\.tr\.vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc.

correspondance.

pi{aka /p\.tri.ka/ <p\.tri.ka> fem. a

pamphlet.

p9raX /p\t˙.raÆ/ <p\.th\.ra.Æ\> adj.

stony.

p9rI /p\t˙.ri/ <p\.th\.rii> fem. a small

stone.

p9ro /p\t˙.ro/ <p\.th\.ro> masc. a

stone.

p9arI /p\.t˙a.ri/ <p\.tha.rii> fem. a bed.

p(9r /p\t˙.t˙\r/ <p\.thth\.r\> masc. a

stone.

pd /p\d/ <p\.d\> masc. a rank.

pd /p\d/ <p\.d\> neut. a sentential

phrase.

pdvI /p\d.vi/ <p\.d\.vii> fem. 1. a title

2. a rank.

pda9R /p\.dar.t˙\/ <p\.da.rth\> masc. 1.

a substance 2. an object.

pda9R /p\.dar.t˙\/ <p\.da.rth\> masc. a

meaning of phrase.

pdavil /p\.dav.li/ <p\.da.v\.li> fem.

diction.

115

pdavvu& /p\.dav.vu~/ <p\.da.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to cause work hard.

p(9it /p\.d˙d˙\.ti/ <p\.dhdh\.ti> fem.

a method.

pd\y /p\.dj\/ <p\.dj\> neut. verse.

p0ram8I /p\d˙.ram.¯i/

<p\.dh\.ra.m\.¯ii> fem. a formal

visit.

p0ravvu& /p\d˙.rav.vu~/ <p\.dh\.ra.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to offer respectfully.

p0arvu& /p\.0˙ar.vu~/ <p\.dha.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to come or go respectfully.

pno /p\.no/ <p\.no> masc. breadth of

cloth.

pnotI /p\.no.ti/ <p\.no.tii> fem.

misfortune.

pnotu& /p\.no.tu~/ <p\.no.tu~> adj.

auspicious.

ppEyu& /p\.p\i.ju~/ <p\.p\i.ju~> neut.

papaya.

pr /p\r/ <p\.r\> postp. 1. on 2. over 3.

above.

prkIy /p\r.kij/ <p\.r\.kii.j\> adj. 1.

belonging to others 2. belongingto

foreign.

pr` /p\.r\k˙/ <p\.r\.kh\> fem. 1. a test

2. an examination.

pr`avvu& /p\r.k˙av.vu~/ <p\.r\.kha.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to tell unscrupulously.

prgju /p\r.g\.Ôu~/ <p\.r\.g\.Ôu> adj.

benevolent.

prgam /p\r.gam/ <p\.r\.ga.m\> neut.

another’s village.

prcUr8 /p\r.cu.r\¯/ <p\.r\.cu.r\.¯\>

neut. 1. change (coins), 2. miscellaneous.

prco /p\r.co/ <p\.r\.co> masc. a

miracle.

pr@vI /p\r.Ôi.vi/ <p\.r\.Ôii.vii> adj.

parasite.

pr8vu& /p\.r\¯.vu~/ <p\.r\.¯\.v~> v.tr. to

marry.

prt /p\.r\t/ <p\.r\.t\> advb. in return.

prt&{a /p\r.t\n.tr\/ <p\.r\.t\~.tr\> adj.

dependence.

prdado /p\r.da.do/ <p\.r\.da.do> masc.

a great grand-father.

prduŠ` /p\r.duk˙/ <p\.r\.duŠ.kh\> neut.

other’s misery.

prde= /pre.deß/ <p\.r\.de.ß\> masc. a

foreign country.

prdo /p\r.do/ <p\.r\.do> masc. a

curtain.

pr0n /p\r.d˙\n/ <p\.r\.dh\.n\> neut.

other’s money or wealth.

pr0mR /p\r.d˙\r.ma/ <p\.r\.dh\.rm\>

masc. other’s religion.

prnatIlu& /p\r.na.ti.lu~/ <p\.r\.na,tii.lu~>

adj. belonging to others’ caste.

116

prpuruq /p\r.pu.ruß/ <p\.r\.pu.ru.s°\>

masc. a man other than one’s husband.

prpo4I /p\r.po.ˇi/ <p\.r\.po.ˇii> fem. a

small bubble.

prpo4o /p\r.po.ˇo/ <p\.r\.po.ˇo> masc.

a big bubble.

prb /p\.r\b/ <p\.r\.b\> fem. a public

water house.

prbI6Iyu& /p\r.bi.Îi.ju~/ <p\.r\.bii.Îii.ju~>

neut. an envelope.

pr-v /p\r.b˙\v/ <p\.r\.bh\.v\> masc.

a previous or the next birth.

prm /p\.r\m/ <p\.r\.m\> adj. highest.

prma8u /p\r.ma.¯u/ <p\.r\.ma.¯u~>

neut. an atom.

prmaTma /p\r.mat.ma/ <p\.r\.ma.tma>

masc. 1. the supreme being 2. god.

prman&d /p\r.ma.nand/

<p\.r\.ma.n\~.d\> masc. supreme

bliss.

prma9R /p\r.mar.t˙\/ <p\.r\.ma.rth\>

masc. 1. the highest aim 2. benevolence.

prme¼r /p\r.meß.v\r/ <p\.r\.me.ßv\.r\>

masc. god.

prlok /p\r.lok/ <p\.r\.lo.k\> masc. the

other world where the soul is believed o

be going after death.

prv6vu& /p\r.v\Î.vu~/ <p\.r\.v\.Î\.vu~>

exp. to afford.

prv= /p\r.v\ß/ <p\.r\.v\.ß\> adj.

dependent.

prvX /p\r.v\/ <p\.r\.v\.Æ\> neut. a

kind of vegetable.

prva /p\r.va/ <p\.r\.va> fem. care.

prvangI /p\r.van.gi/ <p\.r\.va.n\.gii>

fem. permission.

prvano /p\r.va.no/ <p\.r\.va.no> masc.

a licence.

prsevo /p\r.se.vo/ <p\.r\.se.vo> masc.

perspiration.

prS{aI /p\r.stri/ <p\.r\.strii> fem. other

than one’s wife.

prSpr /p\.r\s.p\r/ <p\.r\.sp\.r\> advb.

1. mutually 2. reciprocally.

pr&t u/p\.r\n.tu/ <p\.r\~.tu> advb. but.

pr&pra /p\.r\m.p\.ra/ <p\.r\~.p\.ra> fem.

a tradition.

pr&pragt /p\.r\m.p\.ra.g\t/

<p\.r\~.p\.ra.g\.t\> adj. traditional.

prakaQ5a /p\.ra.kaß.t˙a/ <p\.r\.ka.s°ˇa>

fem. 1. climax 2. extremity.

prak/m /p\.ra.kr\m/ <p\.ra.kr\.m\>

neut. 1. an adventure 2. heroism.

prak/mI /p\.ra.kr\.mi/ <p\.ra.kr\.mii>

adj. enterprising.

prajy /p\.ra.Ô\j/ <p\.ra.Ô\.j\> masc. a

defeat.

117

pra8e /p\.ra.¯e/ <p\.ra.¯e> advb. 1.

unwillingly 2. forcibly.

pra0In /p\.ra.d˙in/ <p\.ra.dhii.n\> adj.

dependent.

pram=R /p\.ra.m\r.ß\/ <p\.ra.m\.rß\>

masc. contact.

prayu& /p\.ra.ju~/ <p\.ra.ju~> adj. other’s

pir3 /p\.rig˙/ <p\.ri.dh\> masc.

circumference.

pircy /p\.ri.c\j/ <p\.ri.c\.j\> masc.

familiarity.

pircairka /p\.ri.ca.ri.ka/ <p\.ri.ca.ri.ka>

fem. a maid-servant.

pirict /p\.ri.cit/ <p\.ri.ci.t\> adj.

knowing.

pirC2ed /p\.ric.c˙ed/ <p\.ri.cche.d\>

masc. a paragraph.

pir8am /p\.ri.¯am/ <p\.ri.¯a.m\> neut.

1. result 2. outcome.

pir8It /p\.ri.¯it/ <p\.ri.¯ii.t\> adj.

married.

pir0an /p\.ri.d˙an/ <p\.ri.dha.n\> neut.

clothing.

pirpkv /p\.ri.p\k.v\/ <p\.ri.p\.kva>

adj. mature.

pirbX /p\.ri.b\/ <p\.ri.b\.Æ\> neut. 1.

force 2. a factor.

pir-aqa /p\.ri.b˙a.ßa/ <p\.ri.bha.s°a>

fem. terminology.

pirml /p\.ri.m\l/ <p\.ri.m\.l\> fem.

fragrance.

pirvtRn /p\.ri.v\r.t\n/ <p\.ri.v\.rt\.n\>

neut. a change.

pirvar /p\.ri.var/ <p\.ri.va.r\> neut. a

family.

piri=Q4 /p\.ri.ßiß.ˇ˙\/ <p\.ri.ßi.s°ˇ\> adj.

an appendix.

pir=Iln /p\.ri.ßi.l\n/ <p\.ri.ßii.l\.n\>

neut. deep study.

pir[am /p\.ri.ßr\m/ <p\.ri.ßr\.m\> masc.

hard work.

pirqd /p\.ri.ß\d/ <p\.ri.s°\.d\> fem. an

assembly.

piriS9it /p\.riß.t˙i.ti/ <p\.ri.sthi.ti> fem.

circumstances.

prI /p\.ri/ <p\.rii> fem. a fairy.

prIxk /p\.rik.ß\k/ <p\.rii.kß\.k\> masc.

an examinar.

prIx8 /p\.rik.ß\¯/ <p\.rii.kß\.¯\> neut.

a testing.

prIxa /p\.rik.ßa/ <p\.ri.kßa> fem.

examination.

pru /p\.ru/ <p\.ru> neut. pus.

pru& /p\.ru~/ <p\.ru~> neut. a suburban

area.

pre=an /p\.re.ßan/ <p\.re.ßa.n\> adj.

perplexed.

118

prox /p\.rok.ß\/ <p\.ro.kß\> adj.

indirect.

pro7 /p\.roÎ˙/ <p\.ro.Îh\> neut.

daybreak.

pro8o /p\.ro.¯o/ <p\.ro.¯o> masc. a

guest.

propkar /p\.rop.kar/ <p\.ro.p\.ka.r\>

masc. benevolence.

propkarI /p\.rop.ka.ri/ <p\.ro.p\.ka.rii>

adj. benevolent.

provvu& /p\.rov.vu~/ <p].ro.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to thread a needle 2. to string beads.

pyaRPt /p\.ri.jap.t\/ <p\.rja.pt\> adj.

sufficient.

pyuRq8 /p\r.ju.ß\¯/ <p\.rju.s°\.¯\> neut.

a festival of the Jains.

plk /p\.l\k/ <p\.l\.k\> fem. a moment.

plk /p\.l\k/ <p\.l\.k\> fem. a

twinkling of the eye.

plkaro /p\l.ka.ro/ <p\.l\.ka.ro> masc. a

twinkling.

pl48 /p\l.ˇ\¯/ <p\.l\.ˇ\.¯\> fem. a

battalion.

pl4vu& /p\.l\ˇ.vu~/ <p\.l\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tarns.

to change.

pl4o /p\l.ˇo/ <p\.l\.ˇo> masc. a big

change.

plXvu& /p\.l\Æ.vu~/ <p\.l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

to be drenched.

pl&g /p\.l\˜g/ <p\.l\~.g\> masc. a big

cot.

pla&5I /p\.la~.ˇ˙i/ <p\.la~.ˇhii> fem. a

posture of sitting with crossed-legs.

plIt /p\.lit/ <p\.lii.t\> neut. an evil

spirit.

plo4vu& /p\.loˇ.vu~/ <p\.lo.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to

train animals.

pvn /p\.v\n/ <p\.v\.n\> masc. wind.

piv{a /p\.vit.r\/ <p\.vi.tr\> adj. sacred.

p=u /p\.ßu/ <p\.ßu> neut. a quadruped

animal.

p¾atap /p\ß.ca.tap/ <p\.ßca.ta.p\>

masc. repentance.

pi¾m /p\ß.cim/ <p\.ßci.m\> adj.

western.

pi¾m /p\ß.cim/ <p\.ßci.m\> fem. the

west (direction).

ps&d /p\.s\nd/ <p\.s\~.d\> fem. choice.

pStavu& /p\s.ta.vu~/ <p\.sta.vu~> v.intr. to

repent.

pStI /p\s.ti/ <p\.stii> fem. paper scrap.

pha6 /p\.haÎ/ <p\.ha.Î\> masc. a

mountain.

pha8o /p\.ha.¯o/ <p\.ha.¯o> masc. a

stone.

pher8 /p\.he.r\¯/ <p\.he.r\.¯\> neut. a

kind of shirt.

119

phervu& /p\.her.vu~/ <p\.he.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

wear.

pherve= /p\.her.veß/ <p\.he.r\.ve.ß\>

masc. dress.

phero /p\.he.ro/ <p\.he.ro> masc. a

watch.

phel /p\.hel/ <p\.he.l\> fem. an

initiation.

phelvan /p\.hel.van/ <p\.he.l\.va.n\>

masc. a wrestler.

phelu& /p\.he.lu~/ <p\.he.lu~> adj. first.

pho&c /p\.ha~c/ <p\.ho~.c\> fem. a

receipt.

pho&c /p\.ha~c/ <p\.ha~.c\> fem. a power

affecting a person, thing, or course of

events.

pho&cvu& /p\.ha~c.vu~/ <p\.ha~.c\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to reach 2. to arrive.

phoXu& /p\.ho.Æu~/ <p\.ho.Æu~> adj. broad.

pho&cI /p\.ha~.ci/ <p\.ha~.cii> fem.

wristler.

pho&co /p\.ha~.co/ <p\.ha~.co> masc. the

wrist.

pX /p\Æ/ <p\.Æ\> fem. 1. aperiod of

twenty four second 2. a moment.

p&ikt /p\˜.ki/ <p\~.kti> fem. a line.

p&`I /p\˜.k˙i/ <p\~.khii> neut. a bird.

p&`o /p\˜.k˙o/ <p\~.kho> masc. a fan.

p&gt /p\˜.g\t/ <p\~.g\.t\> fem. a row of

diners.

p&c /p\µ.c\/ <p\~.c\> neut. a arbitrator

(traditionally a body of five arbitrators).

p&ca8u& /p\µ.ca.¯u~/ <p\~.ca.¯u~> adj.

ninty five.

p&cat /p\µ.cat/ <p\~.ca.t\> fem. a body

of arbitrators.

p&cam<t /p\µ.ca.mrut/ <p\~.ca.mru≤.t\>

neut. a mixture of milk, yogurt, ghee,

honey and sugar.

p&cayt /p\µ.ca.j\t/ <p\~.ca.j\.t\> fem. an

executive body of a caste or village.

p&cal /p\µ.cal/ <p\~.ca.l\> masc. a

blacksmith.

p&cavn /p\µ.ca.v\n/ <p\~.ca.v\.n\> adj.

fifty five.

p&ca=I /p\µ.ca.ßi/ <p\~.ca.ßii> adj. eighty

five.

p&ca&g /p\µ.ca~.˜g\/ <p\~.ca~.g\> neut. an

almanac.

p&coter /p\µ.co.ter/ <p\~.co.te.r\> adj.

seventy five.

p&jo /p\µ.Ôo/ <p\~.Ôo> masc. 1. a paw 2.

a claw.

p&6 /p\¯.Î\/ <p\~.Î\> neut. the human

body.

p&i6t /p\¯.Îit/ <p\~.¯i.t\> masc. a

scholar.

120

p&9 /p\n.t˙/ <p\~.th\> masc. 1. a road, 2.

a sect 3. a cult.

p&dr /p\n.d\r/ <p\~.d\.r\> adj. fifteen.

p&paXvu& /p\m.paÆ.vu~/ <p\~.pa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to pat 2. to fondle.

pa /pa/ <pa> adj. one forth.

pak /pak/ <pa.k\> masc. crop.

pak /pak/ <pa.k\> masc. pus.

pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.k\.vu~> v.intr. to be

produced.

pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.k\.vu~> v.intr. to

ripen.

pakvu& /pak.vu~/ <pa.t\.vu~> v.intr. the

formation of pus.

pak=aS{a /pak.ßaß.tr\/ <pa.k\.ßa.ßtr\>

neut. the science of cooking.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. ripened.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. properly

cooked.

paku& /pa.ku~/ <pa.ku~> adj. 1. skillful 2.

shrewd.

paixk /pak.ßik/ <pa.kßi.k\> adj.

fortnightly.

pa`&6 /pa.k˙\¯Î/ <pa.kh\~.Î\> neut.

deceit.

pa`&6I /pa.k˙\¯.Îi/ <pa.kh\~.Îii> adj.

deceitful.

pagl /pa.g\l/ <pa.g\.l\> adj. 1. mad 2.

lunatic.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. turban.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. bribe.

pa36I /fem./ <pa.gh\.Îii> fem. an

illegal payment for having tenancy rights

of a house, place etc.

pacn /pa.c\n/ <pa.c\.n\> neut.

digestion.

pacn=ikt /pa.c\n.ß\k.ti/

<pa.c\.n\.ß\.kti> fem. digestive

power.

pa2lu& /pac˙.lu~/ <pa.ch\.lu~> adj. 1.

former 2. later.

pa2X /pa.c˙\Æ/ <pa.ch\.Æ\> postp.

behind.

pa2u& /pa.c˙u~/ <pa.chu~> adj. again.

pa@ /pa.Ôi/ <pa.Ôii> adj. mean.

pa4 /paˇ/ <pa.ˇ\> masc. a plank of

wood.

pa4ngr /paˇ.n\.g\r/ <pa.ˇ\.n\.g\.r\>

neut. the capital of a country, state etc.

pa4lUn /paˇ.lun/ <pa.ˇ\.luu.n\> neut.

trousers.

pai4yu& /pa.ˇi.ju~/ <pa.ˇi.ju~> neut. 1. a

board 2. a black-board.

pa4Idar /pa.ˇi.dar/ <pa.ˇi.da.r\> masc. a

name of a caste.

121

pa4u /pa.ˇu~/ <pa.ˇu> neut. a kick.

pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. a reading.

pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. a

punishment.

pa5 /paˇ˙/ <pa.ˇh\> masc. a school

lesson.

pa5vvu& /pa.ˇ\v.vu~/ <pa.ˇh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to send.

pa6vu& /paÎ.vu~/ <pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

cause to fall.

pa6vu& /paÎ.vu~/ <pa.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

draw.

pa6I /pa.Îi/ <pa.Îii> fem. a female calf

of a buffalo.

pa6u& /pa.Îu~/ <pa.Îu~> neut. a calf of a

buffalo.

pa6o /pa.Îo/ <pa.Îo> masc. a male calf

of a buffalo.

pa6o= /pa.Îoß/ <pa.Îo.ß\> masc.

neighborhood.

pa6o=I /pa.Îo.ßi/ <pa.Îo.ßii> masc. a

neighbor.

pa6o=8 /pa.Îo.ß\¯/ <pa.Îo.ß\.¯\> fem.

a female neighbor.

pai8yaru& /pa.¯i.ja.ru~/ <pa.¯i.ja.ru~> neut.

a water room in a house.

pa8I /pa.¯i/ <pa.¯ii> neut. water.

pa8Icu& /pa.¯i.cu~/ <pa.¯ii.cu~> neut.

discharge from a position of

employment:

pa8Idar /pa.¯i.dar/ <pa.¯ii.da.r\> adj.

sharp.

patXu& /pat.Æu~/ <pa.t\.Æu~> adj. thin.

pa9r8u& /pa.t˙\r.¯u~/ neut. a carpet.

padrI /pad.ri/ <pa.d\.rii> masc. a

Christian priest.

pan /pan/ <pa.n\> neut. a leaf.

pan`r /pan.k˙\r/ <pa.n\.kh\.r\> fem.

the fall (season).

panI /pa.ni/ <pa.nii> fem. the heel.

panu& /pa.nu~/ <pa.nu~> neut. 1. a leaf of a

book 2. a playing card.

panetr /pa.ne.t\r/ <pa.ne.t\.r\> neut. a

wedding sari.

pap6 /pa.p\Î/ <pa.p\.Î\> masc. a food

item.

pap6I /pap.Îi/ <pa.p\.Îii> fem. a pod

of a kind of pulse.

papI /pa.pi/ <pa.pii> adj. sinful.

pamr /pa.m\r/ <pa.m\.r\> adj.

miserable.

pamvu& /pam.vu~/ <pa.m\.vu~> v.dat. to

gain.

payjamo /paj.Ôa.mo/ <pa.j\.Ôa.mo> masc.

trousers.

122

paymal /paj.mal/ <pa.j\.ma.l\> adj. 1.

ruined 2. destroyed.

payl /pa.j\l/ <pa.j\.l\> neut. a tinkling

anklet.

payo /pa.jo/ <pa.j\.l\> masc. a

foundation.

parku& /par.ku~/ <pa.r\.ku~> adj. others’

par`vu& /pa.r\k˙.vu~/ <pa.r\.kh\.vu~> v.tr.

to test.

par`u& /par.k˙u~/ <pa.r\.khu~> neut. a test.

par8u& /par.¯u~/ <pa.r\.¯u~> neut. a

cradle.

par8u& /par.¯u~/ <pa.r\.¯u~> neut. a

dinner after completation of a fast.

pard=Rk /par.d\r.ß\k/ <pa.r\.d\.rß\.k\>

adj. transparent.

par3I /par.g˙i/ <pa.r\.ghii> masc. a

hunter.

parsmi8 /pa.r\s.m\.¯i/

<pa.r\.s\.m\.¯ii> masc. a

mythological stone that turnn iron

into gold.

parsI /par.si/ <pa.r\.sii> masc. a name

of a community.

par&gt /pa.r\m.g\t/ <pa.r\~.g\.t\> adj.

expert.

paray8 /pa.ra.j\¯/ <pa.ra.j\.¯\> neut. a

recitation of a religious text.

pairjat /pa.ri.Ôat/ <pa.ri.Ôa.t\> neut. a

kind of flower plant.

pairtoiqk /pa.ri.to.ßik/ <pa.ri.to.s°i.k\>

neut. a prize.

parevu& /pa.re.vu~/ <pa.re.vu~> neut. a

pegion.

palk /pa.l\k/ <pa.l\.k\> adj. a

guardian.

pal`I /pal.k˙i/ <pa.l\.khii> fem. a

palanquin.

palvvu& /pa.l\v.vu~/ <pa.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

rear.

palvvu& /pa.l\v.vu~/ <pa.l\.v\.vu~> v.exp.

to afford.

palo /pa.lo/ <pa.lo> masc. green

foliage.

pavtI /pav.ti/ <pa.v\.tii> fem. a receipt.

pavr0u& /pa.v\r.d˙u~/ <pa.v\.r\.dhu~> adj.

proficient.

pasu& /pa.su~/ <pa.su~> neut. a side.

pase /pa.se/ <pa.se> postp. near.

paX /paÆ/ <pa.Æ\> fem. an edge of a

water form.

paXvu& /paÆ.vu~/ <pa.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

foster 2. to bring up.

paiXyo /pa.Æi.jo/ <pa.Æi.jo> masc. a

memorial stone.

pa&` /pa~k˙/ <pa~.kh\> fem. a wing.

123

pa&`6I /pa~k˙.Îi/ <pa~.kh\.Îii> fem. a

petal.

pa&`u& /pa~.k˙u~/ <pa~.khu~> adj. 1. not

dense 2. thinly catered.

pa&grvu& /pa~.g\r.vu~/ <pa~.g\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

to blossom.

pa&c /pa~c/ <pa~.c\> adj. five.

pa&cm /pa~.c\m/ <pa~.c\.m\> fem. the

fifth day of either of the fortnight of the

Hindu calander.

pa&jrapoX /pa~Ô.ra.poÆ/ <pa~.Ô\.ra.po.Æ\>

fem. a charitable aylum for domestic

animals and birds.

pa&jru& /pa~Ô.ru~/ <pa~.Ô\.ru~> neut. a cage.

pa&{aIs /pa~t.ris/ <pa~.trii.s\> adj. thirty

five.

pa&9I /pa~.t˙i/ <pa~.thii> fem. the line

caused by combed hair.

pa&d6I /pa~d.Îi/ <pa~.d\.Îii> fem. a small

tender leaf.

pa&p8 /pa~.p\¯/ <pa~.p\.¯\> fem. the eye-

lash.

pa&s5 /pa~.s\ˇ˙/ <pa~.s\.ˇh\> adj. sixty

five.

pa&sXI /pa~.s\.Æi/ <pa~.s\.Æii> fem. a rib.

ipckarI /pic.ka.ri/ <pi.c\.ka.rii> fem. a

kind of water-gun.

ipta /pi.ta/ <pi.ta> masc. the father.

ip]a /pit.t\/ <pi.tt\> neut. bile.

ip]aX /pit.t\Æ/ <pi.tt\.Æ\> neut. brass.

ip{aa; /pit.rai/ <pi.tr\.ii> masc. a

cousin.

iptra; /pi.t\.rai/ <pi.t\.ra.ii> masc. a

cousin.

ippU6I /pi.pu.Îi/ <pi.puu.Îii> fem. a

pipe-like whistle.

ipyr /pi.j\r/ <pi.j\.r\> neut. the paternal

house of a married woman.

ipyu /pi.ju/ <pi.ju> masc. a lover.

ipLlu& /pil.lu~/ <pi.llu~> neut. a skein.

ip=ac /pi.ßac/ <pi.ßa.c\> neut. ghost.

ipStaXIs /pis.ta.Æis/ <pi.sta.Æii.s\> adj.

forty-five.

ip&6I /pi¯.Îi/ <pi~.Îii> fem. the calf of

the leg.

pIgXvu& /pi.g\Æ.vu~/ <pii.g\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

to melt.

pI2u& /pi.c˙u~/ <pii.chu~> neut. a feather.

pI2eh5 /pi.c˙e.h\ˇ˙/ <pii.che.h\.ˇh\>

fem. a retreat.

pI2o /pi.c˙o/ <pii.cho> masc. a pursuit.

pI4vu& /piˇ.vu~/ <pii.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to beat

severely.

pI5 /piˇ˙/ <pii.ˇh\> fem. the back (of the

body).

124

pI5Ika /pi.ˇ˙i.ka/ <pii.ˇhii.ka> fem. a

background.

pI5I /pi.ˇ˙i/ <pii.ˇhii> fem. fragrant

yellow mixture applied to the bodies of

the bridegroom and the bride.

pI6a /pi.Îa/ <pii.Îa> fem. pain.

pI8u& /pi.¯u~/ <pii.¯u~> neut. drink.

pIp /pip/ <pii.p\> neut. a barrel.

pIpX /pi.p\Æ/ <pii.p\.Æ\> fem. a kind of

tree.

pIpXo /pip.Æo/ <pii.p\.Æo> fem. a kind of

tree.

pIrsvu& /pi.r\s.vu~/ <pii.r\.s\.vu~> v.tr. to

serve food (formal).

pIlvu& /pil.vu~/ <pii.l\.vu~> v.tr. to crush.

pIlu& /pi.lu~/ <pii.lu~> neut. a baby

chicken.

pIvu& /pi.vu~/ <pii.vu~> v.tr. to drink.

pIsvu& /pis.vu~/ <pii.s\.vu~> v.tr. to grind.

pIXa= /pi.Æaß/ <pii.Æa.ß\> fem.

yellowness.

pIXu& /pi.Æu~/ <pii.Æu~> adj. yellow.

pI&`vu& /pi~k˙.vu~/ <pi~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

ransack.

pI&jvu& /pi~µÔ.vu~/ <pi~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

card 2. to comb 3. to lengthen a talk etc.

unduly.

pu~t /puk˙.t\/ <pu.kht\> adj. mature.

pu*y /pu¯.j\/ <pu.¯j\> neut.

righteousness.

pu{a /put.r\/ <pu.tr\> masc. a son.

pu{av0U /put.r\.v\.d˙u/ <pu.tr\.v\.dhuu>

fem. a son’s wife.

pU{aI /put.ri/ <pu.trii> fem. a daughter.

punr\ /pu.n\r/ <pu.n\.r> advb. again.

punravlokn /pun.rav.lo.k\n/

<pu.n\.ra.v\.lo.k\.n\> neut. a

revision.

puravtRn /pun.ra.v\r.t\n/

<pu.n\.ra.v\.rt\.n\> neut. a

repetition.

punrav<i]a /pun.ra.vrut.ti/

<pu.n\.ra.vr≤u.tti> fem. a reprint.

punruikt /pu.n\.ru.kti/ <pu.n\.ru.kti>

fem. a repetition (of an expression).

punjRNm /pu.n\r.Ô\n.m\/

<pu.n\.rÔ\.nm\> masc. a rebirth.

punlRGn /pu.n\r.l\g.n\/ <pu.n\.rl\.gn\>

neut. a remarriage.

puint /pu.nit/ <pu.ni.t\> adj. holy.

purbhar /pur.b\.har/ <pu.r\.b\.ha.r\>

adj. at the climax.

purv5o /pur.v\.ˇ˙o/ <pu.r\.v\.ˇho> masc.

supply.

125

purv8I /pu.r\v.¯i/ <pu.r\.v\.¯ii> fem. a

supplement.

purvar /pur.var/ <pu.r\.va.r\> adj.

proved.

purSktaR /pu.r\s.k\r.ta/ <pu.r\.sk\.rta>

masc. an originator.

purSkar /pu.r\s.kar/ <pu.r\.ska.r\>

masc. a prize.

pura8

/pu.ra¯/ <pu.ra.¯\> neut. Purana.

pura8u& /pu.ra.¯u~/ <pu.ra.¯u~> adj. 1.

ancient 2. old.

puratn /pu.ra.t\n/ <pu.ra.t\.n\> adj.

ancient.

puravo /pu.ra.vo/ <pu.ra.vo> masc. 1. a

proof 2. an evidence 3. a testimony.

pura&t /pu.ra~nt/ <pu.ra~.t\> fem. balance

(in account).

puruq /pu.ruß/ <pu.ru.s°\> masc. 1. a

man 2. a husband.

puroiht /pu.ro.hit/ <pu.ro.hi.t\> masc. a

family prist.

pulav /pu.lav/ <pu.la.v\> masc. a food

item (made of rice).

puQkX /puß.k\/ <pu.s°k\.Æ\> adj.

plentiful.

puQp /puß.p\/ <pu.s°p\> neut. a flower.

puStk /pus.t\k/ <pu.st\.k\> neut. a

book.

puiStka /pus.ti.ka/ <pu.sti.ka> fem. a

booklet.

puiLl&g /pul.ling/ <pu.lli~.g\> neut.

masculine.

pU2pr2 /puc˙.p\.r\c˙/

<puu.ch\.p\.r\.ch\> fem. a verbal

inquiry.

pU2vu& /puc˙.vu~/ <puu.ch\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

ask 2. to inquire.

pUjvu& /puÔ.vu~/ <puu.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to

worship.

pUja /pu.Ôa/ <puu.Ôa> fem. worship.

pUjapo /pu.Ôa.po/ <puu.Ôa.po> masc.

articles of worship.

pUjar8 /pu.Ôa.r\¯/ <puu.Ôa.r\.¯\> fem.

a female worshiper.

pUjarI /pu.Ôa.ri/ <puu.Ôa.rii> masc. a

male worshiper.

pUjy /puÔ.j\/ <puu.Ôj\> adj. worth

worshiping (lit. meaning). Used to

address

the elders in letter writing.

pU5 /puˇ˙/ <puu.ˇh\> fem. the back.

pUtXI /put.Æi/ <puu.t\.Æii> fem. 1. a doll

2. the pupil of the eye.

pUrk /pu.r\k/ <pu.r\.k\> adj.

supplementary.

pUrtu& /pur.tu~/ <puu.r\.tu~> adj.

sufficient.

126

pUrpa4 /pur.paˇ/ <puu.r\.pa.ˇ\> advb.

at full speed.

pUrvu& /pur.vu~/ <puu.r\.vu~> v.tr. to fill

up air etc.

pUrI /pu.ri/ <puu.rii> fem. a food item.

pUru& /pu.ru~/ <puu.ru~> adj. complete.

pUrepUru& /pu.re.pu.ru~/ <puu.re.pu.ru~> adj.

absolutely complete.

pU8R /pur.¯\/ <puu.r¯\> adj. complete.

pU8Rivram /pur.¯\.vi.ram/

<puu.r¯\.vi.ra.m\> neut. a full-stop.

pU8aR&k /pur.¯a~k/ <puu.r¯a~.k\> masc. an

integer.

pUi8Rma /pur.¯i.ma/ <puu.r¯i.ma> fem. a

full moon day.

pUvR /pur.v\/ <puu.rv\> adj. east.

pUvRg/h /pur.v\.gr\.h\/ <puu.rv\.gr\.h\>

masc. prejudice.

pUvRj /pur.v\Ô/ <puu.rv\.Ô\> masc. an

ancestor.

pUvRjNm /pur.v\.Ô\n.m\/

<puu.rv\.Ô\.nm\> masc. a previous

birth.

pUvRpx /pur.v\.p\k.ß\/ <puu.rv\.p\.kß\>

masc. an initail argument.

pUvaRpr /pur.va.p\r/ <puu.rva.p\.r\>

adj. contextual.

pUXo /pu.Æo/ <puu.Æo> masc. a bundle of

grass.

pU&26u& /pu~c˙.Îu~/ <puu~.ch\.Îu~> neut. a

tail.

pU&@ /pu~.Ôi/ <puu~.Ôii> fem. wealth.

pU&jo /pu~.Ôo/ <puu~.Ôo> masc. dirt.

p<(9kr8 /pru.t˙\k.k\.r\¯/

<pr≤u.thth\.k\.r\.¯\> neut. analysis.

p<(vI /pru.t˙vi/ <pr≤uth\.vii> fem. the

earth.

pe4 /peˇ/ <pe.ˇ\> neut. 1. the stomach 2,

the belly.

pe4-ru& /peˇ.b˙\.ru~`/ <pe.ˇ\.bh\.ru~> adj.

self-centered.

pe4avvu& /pe.ˇav.vu~/ <pe.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to light 2. to ignite 3. to kindle.

pe4I /pe.ˇi/ <pe.ˇii> fem. a box.

pe7I /pe.Î˙i/ <pe.Îhii> fem. a business

house.

pe7u& /pe.Î˙u~/ <pe.Îhu~> neut. the gum of

a tooth.

pe8I /p´.¯i/ <pe.¯ii> fem. a frying pan.

pelu& /pe.lu~/ <pe.lu~> pron. that.

pe=ab /pe.ßab/ <pe.ßa.b\> masc. urine.

pesvu& /pes.vu~/ <pe.s\.vu~> v.intr. to

eneter.

127

pe&6o /pe¯.Îo/ <pe~.Îo> masc. a kind of

sweet.

pe&tro /p´~t.ro/ <pe~.t\.ro> masc. a

stratagem.

pE6u& /p\i.Îu~/ <p\i.Îu~> neut. a wheel.

pEsadar /p\i.sa.dar/ <p\i.sa.da.r\> adj.

rich.

pEso /p\i.so/ <p\i.so> masc. 1. money

2. a one paisa coin.

pok /pok/ <po.k\> fem. a lod cry of

wailing.

pokX /po.k\Æ/ <po.k\.Æ\> adj. hollow.

pokar /po.kar/ <po.ka.r\> masc. a loud

cry.

pocu& /po.cu~/ <po.chu~> adj. soft.

po4lI /poˇ.li/ <po.ˇ\.lii> fem. a small

bundle.

po5 /poˇ˙/ <po.ˇh\> fem. a caravan.

po7vu& /poÎ˙.vu~/ <po.Îh\.vu~> v.intr. to

sleep (literary, formal).

po8u& /po.¯u~/ <po.¯u~> adj. equal to

three quarters.

po8oso /po.¯o.so/ <po.¯o.so> adj. 3/4

of hundred.

pot /pot/ <po.t\> neut. texture.

potu& /po.tu~/ <po.tu~> neut. a wet piece of

cloth used for cleaning various surfaces.

pote /po.te/ <po.te> pron. self.

po9I /po.t˙i/ <po.thii> fem. an unbound

book.

podXo /pod.Æo/ <po.d\.Æo> masc. a lump

of fresh dung.

popcu& /pop.cu~/ <po.p\.cu~> neut. the

eye-lid.

pop4 /po.p\ˇ/ <po.p\.ˇ\> masc. a

parrot.

pop6o /pop.Îo/ <po.p\.Îo> masc. a thin

crust.

poy8u& /poj.¯u~/ <po.j\.¯u~> neut. a white

lotus.

polad /po.lad/ <po.la.d\> neut. steel.

polu& /po.lu~/ <po.lu~> adj. hollow.

po=ak /po.ßak/ <po.ßa.k\> masc.

apparel.

poq /poß/ <po.s°\> masc. the third

month of the Vikram samvat.

poqk /po.ß\k/ <po.s°\.k\> adj. nutritive.

poq8 /po.ß\¯/ <po.s°\.¯\> neut. 1.

nourishment 2. nutrition.

poX /poÆ/ <po.Æ\> fem. a street

(originally with a gate).

po&k /pø~k/ <po~.k\> masc. roasted green

grains of ceratin corns such as wheat,

etc.

128

po&`vu& /pø~k˙.vu~/ <po~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. the

formal ritual of receiving bride and

bridegroom.

pO{a /p\ut.r\/ <p\u.tr\> masc. a

grandson.

pO{aI /p\ut.ri/ <p\u.trii> fem. a

granddaughter.

pOrai8k /p\u.ra.¯ik/ <p\u.ra.¯i.k\> adj.

related to the Puranas.

pOiQ4k /p\uß.ˇik/ <p\u.s°ˇi.k\> adj.

nutritious.

pOAa /p\u.a/ <p\u.a> masc. a kind of

rice flake.

p/k4 /pr\.k\ˇ/ <pr\.k\.ˇ\> adj. open.

p/kr8 /pr\k.r\¯/ <pr\.k\.r\.¯\> neut.

1. a chapter 2. a subject.

p/kar /pr\.kar/ <pr\.ka.r\> masc. 1. sort

2. kind.

p/ka= /pr\.kaß/ <pr\.ka.ß\> masc. light.

p/ka=vu& /pr\.kaß.vu~/ <pr\.ka.ß\.vu~>

v.intr. 1. to shine 2. to glow.

p/k<it /pr\.kru.ti/ <pr\.kr≤u.ti> fem.

nature.

p/kop /pr\.kop/ <pr\.ko.p\> masc.

anger.

p/k/Iya /pr\.kri.ja/ <pr\.krii.ja> fem. a

method.

p/~yat /pr\k˙.jat/ <pr\.khja.t\> adj.

renowned.

p/g4vu& /pr\.g\ˇ.vu~/ <pr\.g\.ˇ\.vu~>

v.intr. to come into existence.

p/git /pr\.g\.ti/ <pr\.g\.ti> fem.

progress.

p/cilt /pr\.c\.lit/ <pr\.c\.li.t\> adj.

prevalent.

p/c&6 /pr\.c\¯.Î\/ <pr\.c\~.Î\> adj.

terribly huge.

p/car /pr\.car/ <pr\.ca.r\> masc.

propaganda.

p/cur /pr\.cur/ <pr\.cu.r\> adj.

excessive.

p/C2Nn /pr\.c˙\nn/ <pr\.ch\.nn\> adj.

covered.

p/jnn /pr\.Ô\.n\n/ <pr\.Ô\.n\.n\> neut.

biological reproduction

p/jXvu& /pr\.Ô\Æ.vu~/ <pr\.Ô\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

to burn.

p/ja /pr\.Ôa/ <pr\.Ôa> fem. people.

p/jas]aak /pr\.Ôa.s\t.tak/

<pra.Ôa.s\.tta.k\> adj. republic.

p/8am /pr\.¯am/ <pr\.¯a.m\> masc. 1.

a bow 2. a salutation.

p/8alI /pr\.¯a.li/ <pr\.¯a.mii> fem. 1. a

custom 2. a tradition.

p/8alIka /pr\.¯a.li.ka/ <pr\.¯a.lii.ka>

fem. 1. a custom 2. a tradition.

p/8eta /pr\.¯e.ta/ <pr\.¯e.ta> masc. 1.

the author 2. the originator.

129

p/t /pr\t/ <pr\.t\> fem. a copy of a

book.

p/it /pr\.ti/ <pr\.ti> postp. towards.

p/itkar /pr\.ti.kar/ <pr\.ti.k\.r\> masc.

resistance.

p/itkaVy /pr\.ti.kav.j\/ <pr\.ti.ka.vj\>

neut. a parody.

p/itkUX /pr\.ti.kuÆ/ <pr\.ti.kuu.Æ\> adj.

unsuitable.

p/itik/ya /pr\.ti.kri.ja/ <pr\.ti.kri.ja> fem.

reaction.

p/it3oq /pr\.ti.g˙oß/ <pr\.ti.gho.s°\>

masc. an echo.

p/it}aa /pr\.tig.na/ <pr\.ti.gna> fem. 1. a

vow 2. a promise.

p/it)vin /pr\.ti.d˙v\.ni/ <pr\.ti.dhv.ni>

masc. an echo.

p/itini0 /pr\.ti.ni.d˙i/ <pr\.ti.ni.dhi>

masc. a representative.

p/itpx /pr\.ti.p\k.ß\/ <pr\.ti.p\.kß\>

masc. an opposite argument.

p/itb&0 /pr\.ti.b\n.d˙\/ <pr\.ti.b\~.dh\>

masc. 1. prohibition 2. restriction.

p/itib&b /pr\.ti.bim.b\/ <pr\.ti.bi~.b\>

neut. a reflection.

p/it-a /pr\.ti.b˙a/ <pr\.ti.bha> fem.

natural or extraordinary mental faculty.

p/itro0 /pr\.ti.rod˙/ <pr\.ti.ro.dh\>

masc. resistance.

p/itvad /pr\.ti.vad/ <pr\.ti.va.d\> masc.

refutation.

p/itQ5a /pr\.tiß.ˇ˙a/ <pr\.ti.s°ˇha> fem.

reputation.

p/itSp0IR /pr\.ti.sp\r.d˙i/

<pr\.ti.sp\.rdhii> masc. a rival.

p/ithar /pr\.ti.har/ <pr\.ti.ha.r\> masc.

a gate-keeper.

p/tIk /pr\.tik/ <pr\.tii.k\> neut. a

symbol.

p/tIxa /pr\.tik.ßa/ <pr\.tii.kßa> fem. a

waiting for.

p/tIit /pr\.ti.ti/ <pr\.tii.ti> fem.

conviction.

p/Tyx /pr\.tj\k.ß\/ <pr\.tj\.kß\> adj. 1.

visible 2. the knowledge gain through

senses.

p/Tyy /pr\.tj\.j\/ <pr\.tj\.j\> masc. an

affix.

p/Ty&Cya /pr\.tj\n.ca/ <pr\.tj\~.ca> fem.

the string of a bow.

p/Tyagmn /pr\t.ja.g\.m\n/

<pr\.tja.g\.m\.n\> neut. a return.

p/Tyu]ar /pr\t.u.tt\r/ masc. 1. a reply 2. a

rejoinder.

p/Tye /pr\t.je/ <pr\.tje> postp. 1. at 2.

towards.

p/Tyek /pr\t.jek/ <pr\.tje.k\> adj. every

one.

130

p/9m /pr\.t˙\m/ <pr\.th\.m\> adj. 1.

first 2. fundamental 3. initial.

p/9ma /pr\.t˙\.ma/ <pr\.th\.ma> fem. a

nominative case.

p/9a /pr\.t˙a/ <pr\.tha> fem. 1. a custom

2. a tradition.

p/dix8a /pr\.d\k.ßi.¯a/ <pr\.d\.kßi.¯a>

fem. moving circular (left to right)

motion round a person or thing as a part

of a religious ritual.

p/d=Rk /pr\.d\r.ß\k/ <pr\.d\.rß\.k\>

masc. exhibitor.

p/d=Rn /pr\.d\r.ß\n/ <pr\.d\.rß\.n\>

neut. exhibition.

p/dan /pr\.dan/ <pr\.da.n\> neut.

contribution.

p/de= /pr\.deß/ <pr\.de.ß\> masc. 1. a

region 2. territory.

p/doq /pr\.doß/ <pr\.do.s°\> masc. dusk.

p/0an /pr\.d˙n/ <pr\.dha.n\> masc.

minister.

p/p&c /pr\.p\µc/ <pr\.p\~.c\> masc.

deceit.

p/bX /pr\.b\Æ/ <pr\.b\.Æ\> adj. very

strong.

p/-at /pr\.b˙at/ <pr\.bha.t\> neut.

dawn.

p/-aityu& /pr\.b˙a.ti.ju~/ <pr\.bha.ti.ju~>

neut. a devotional song that sung at

dawn.

p/-av /pr\.b˙av/ <pr\.bha.v\> masc. 1.

effectiveness 2. influence.

p/-u /pr\.b˙u/ <pr\.bhu> masc. god.

p/-u]v /pr\.b˙ut.v\/ <pr\.bhu.ttv\>

neut. mastery.

p/m]a /pr\.m\t.t\/ <pr\.m\.tt\> adj.

excited.

p/ma8 /pr\.ma¯/ <pr\.ma.¯\> neut. 1.

norm 2. standard 3. proof (in logic).

p/ma8-Ut /pr\.ma¯.b˙ut/

<pr\.ma.¯\.bhuu.t\> adj. reliable.

p/mai8k /pr\.ma.¯ik/ <pr\.ma.¯i.k\>

adj. honesty.

p/mad /pr\.mad/ <pr\.ma.d\> masc.

laziness.

p/mu` /pr\.muk˙/ <pr\.mu.kh\> masc.

1. chief 2. president.

p/mey /pr\.me.j\/ <pr\.me.j\> masc. a

theorem.

p/yTn /pr\.j\t.n\/ <pr\.j\.tn\> masc. an

effort.

p/ya8 /pr\.ja¯/ <pr\.ja.¯\> neut. a

departure.

p/yas /pr\.jas/ <pr\.ja.s\> masc. an

effort.

p/yog /pr\.jog/ <pr\.jo.g\> masc. 1. an

experiment 2. a trial.

131

p/yojk /pr\.jo.Ô\k/ <pr\.jo.Ô\.k\> masc.

an organizer.

p/ly /pr\.l\j/ <pr\.l\.j\> masc.

destruction of the creation by a deluge.

p/lap /pr\.lap/ <pr\.la.p\> masc. 1.

lamentation 2. prattle.

p/lo-n /pr\.lo.b˙\n/ <pr\.lo.bh\.n\>

neut. a temptation.

p/vcn /pr\.v\.c\n/ <pr\.v\.c\.n\> neut.

a lecture.

p/vah /pre.vah/ <pr\.va.h\> masc. 1. a

flow 2. a current.

p/vahI /pr\.va.hi/ <pr\.va.hii> fem.

liquid.

p/vahI /pr\.va.hi/ <pr\.va.hii> adj.

liquid.

p/vI8 /pr\.vi¯/ <pr\.vii.¯\> adj. expert.

p/v<i]a /pr\.vrut.ti/ <pr\.vr≤u.tti> fem.

activity.

p/ve= /pr\.veß/ <pr\.ve.ß\> masc.

entrance.

p/ve=k /pr\.ve.ß\k/ <pr\.ve.ß\.k\> masc.

introduction of a book or a play etc.

p/vei=ka /pr\.ve.ßi.ka/ <pr\.ve.ßi.ka> fem.

an introductory book.

p/=iSt /pr\.ß\s.ti/ <pr\.ß\.sti> fem.

eulogy.

p/s&=k /pr\.ß\m.ß\k/ <pr\.s\~.ß\.k\>

masc. admirer.

p/s&=a /pr\.ß\m.ßa/ <pr\.s\~.ßa> fem.

eulogy.

p/½ /pr\ß.n\/ <pr\.ßn\> masc. a

question.

p/½p{a /pr\ß.n\.p\t.r\/ <pr\.ßn\.p\.tr\>

neut. a question paper.

p/sNn /pr\.s\n.n\/ <pr\.s\.nn\> adj. 1.

pleased 2. satisfied.

p/srvu& /pr\.s\r.vu~/ <pr\.s\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

to spread.

p/s&g /pr\.s\˜g/ <pr\.s\~.g\> masc. 1. an

occasion 2. an event.

p/sad /pr\.sad/ <pr\.sa.d\> masc. 1.

grace 2. favor.

p/sadI /pr\.sa.di/ <pr\.sa.dii> fem. 1a

thing or etable offered to a deity.

p/sa0n /pr\.sa.d˙\n/ <pr\.sa.dh\.n\>

neut. equipment.

p/sar /pr\.sar/ <pr\.sa.r\> masc.

spread.

p/is)0 /pr\.sid˙.d˙\/ <pr\.si.dhdh\> adj.

famous.

p/Stav /pr\s.tav/ <pr\.sta.v\> masc. a

proposal.

p/S9an /pr\s.t˙an/ <pr\.stha.n\> neut. a

departure.

p/hsn /pr\.h\.s\n/ <pr\.h\.s\.n\> neut.

a comical play.

p/har /pr\.har/ <pr\.ha.r\> masc. 1. a

blow 2. a striking.

132

p/acIn /pra.cin/ <pra.cii.n\> adj.

ancient.

p/a8 /pr\¯/ <pra.¯\> masc. breath.

p/a8I /pra.¯i/ <pra.¯ii> neut. an animal.

p/a9imk /prat˙.mik/ <pra.th\.mi.k\> adj.

primary.

p/adei=k /pra.de.ßik/ <pra.de.ßi.k\> adj.

1. regional 2. territorial.

p/a0aNy /pra.d˙an.j\/ <pra.dha.nj\> neut.

priority.

p/a)yapk /pra.d˙ja.p\k/ <pra.dhja.p\.k\>

masc. a professor.

p/ayi¾t /pra.j\ß.cit/ <pra.j\.ßci.t\> neut.

repentance.

p/ayoigk /pra.jo.gik/ <pra.jo.gi.k\> adj.

experimental.

p/arB0 /pra.r\b.d˙\/ <pra.r\.bdh\> neut.

1. fate 2. destiny.

p/as /pras/ <pra.s\> masc. rhyming.

p/as&igk /pra.s\m.gik/ <pra.s\~.gi.k\>

adj. 1. unusual 2. incidental.

p/a&t /prant/ <pra~.t\> masc. a province.

ip/y /pri.j\/ <pri.j\> adj. 1. dear 2.

beloved.

p/It /prit/ <prii.t\> fem. 1. love 2.

affection.

p/exk /prek.ß\k/ <pre.kß\.k\> masc. 1.

an onlooker 2. a member in audience 3. a

spectator.

p/et /pret/ <pre.t\> neut. a ghost.

p/em /prem/ <pre.m\> masc. love.

p/erk /pre.r\k/ <pre.r\.k\> adj. 1.

inspiring 2. causal (form).

p/er8a /pre.r\.¯a/ <pre.r\.¯a> fem.

inspiration.

p/ervu& /prer.vu~/ <pre.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

inspire 2. to encourage.

p/oTsahn /prot.sa.h\n/ <pro.tsa.h\.n\>

neut. encouragement.

p/O7 /pr\uÎ˙/ <pr\u.Îh\> adj. mature.

fkro /p˙\k.ro/ <ph\.k\.ro> masc. a

paragraph.

fkIr /p˙\.kir/ <ph\.kii.r\> masc. a

Muslim ascetic.

fkIrI /p˙\.ki.ri/ <ph\.kii.rii> fem.

saintly life.

fKt /p˙\k.t\/ <ph\.kt\> advb. only.

fgavvu& /p˙\.gav.vu~/ <ph\.ga.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to reject (little rudely).

fjetI /p˙\.Ôe.ti/ <ph\.Ôe.tii> fem.

disgrace.

f4 /p˙\ˇ/ <ph\.ˇ\> advb. `shame shame’

133

f4k6I /p˙\.ˇ\k.Îi/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.Îii> fem.

alum.

f4kvu& /p˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to go astray.

f4karvu& /p˙\ˇ.kar.vu~/ <ph\.ˇ\.ka.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to beat 2. to give a blow 3. to hit

(a ball).

f4kIyu& /p˙\.ˇ\k.(i).ju~/ <ph\.ˇ\.kii.ju~> adj.

easily breakable.

f4ko /p˙\ˇ.ko/ <ph\.ˇ\.ko> masc. loss

(in business).

f4ko /p˙\ˇ.ko/ <ph\.ˇ\.ko> masc. a

young beautiful girl. (slang).

f4ak6o /p˙\.ˇak.Îo/ <ph\.ˇ\.k\.Îo> masc.

a fire-cracker.

f4a8u& /p˙\.ˇa.¯u~/ <ph\.ˇ\.¯u~> neut. an

abusive marriage song.

f6k /p˙\.Î\k/ <ph\.Î\.k\> fem. a flap

of a garment.

f6ko /p˙\Î.ko/ <ph\.Î\.ko> masc.

sudden terror.

f6co /p˙\Î.co/ <ph\.Î\.co> masc. 1.

disposal 2. liquidation of debts.

f4af4 /p˙\.ˇa.p˙\ˇ/ <p\.ˇa.ph\.ˇ\> advb.

non-stop.

f8go /p˙\¯.go/ <ph\.¯\.ko> masc. a

shoot (of a plant, etc.).

f8s /p˙\.¯\s/ neut. a kind of fruit.

f8sI /p˙\¯.si/ fem. a kind of vegetable

pod.

ftvo /p˙\t.vo/ masc. a religious

command (in Islam).

fteh /p˙\.teh/ <ph\.te.h\> fem. victory.

ffXtu& /p˙\.p˙\Æ.tu~/ <ph\.ph\.Æ\.tu~> adj.

boiling.

frk /p˙\.r\k/ <ph\.r\.k\> masc.

difference.

frkvu& /p˙\.r\k.vu~/ <ph\.r\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to flutter.

frj /p˙\.r\Ô/ <ph\.r\.Ô\> fem. duty.

frijyat /p˙\r.Ôi.jat/ <ph\.r\.Ôi.ja.t\> adj.

compulsory.

frtaram /p˙\r.ta.ram/ <ph\.r\.ta.ra.m\>

masc. a wandering man.

frtu& /p˙\r.tu~/ <ph\.r\.tu~> adj.

surrounding.

frfiryu& /p˙\r.p˙\r.(i).ju~/

<ph\.r\.ph\.ri.ju~> neut. a pamphlet.

frman /p˙\r.man/ <ph\.r\.ma.n\> neut.

an order.

frvu& /p˙\r.vu~/ <ph\.r\.vu~> v.intr. to

move.

frsa8 /p˙\r.sa¯/ <ph\.r\.sa.¯\> neut.

fried tasty food items.

frak /p˙\.rak/ <ph\.ra.k\> neut. a

frock.

134

fraX /p˙\.raÆ/ <ph\.ra.Æ\> masc. light

food taken while fasting.

firyad /p˙\.ri.jad/ <ph\.ri.ja.d\> fem. a

complain.

firyadI /p˙\.ri.ja.di/ <ph\.ri.ja.dii>

masc. a complainant.

frI /p˙\.ri/ <ph\.rii> advb. again.

fla8u& /p˙\.la.¯u~/ <ph\.la.¯u~> neut. 1.

some one 2. some thing.

flahar /p˙\.la.har/ <ph\.la.ha.r\> masc.

fruit diet.

fskvu& /p˙\.s\k.vu~/ <ph\.s\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to burst down with the sound of

tearing.

fsavu& /p˙\.sa.vu~/ <ph\.sa.vu~> v.intr. to

entrapped.

fX /p˙\Æ/ <ph\.Æ\> neut. a fruit.

fXdayk /p˙\Æ.da.j\k/ <ph\.Æ\.da.j\.k\>

adj. fruitful.

fXvu& /p˙\Æ.vu~/ <ph\.Æ\.vu~> v.exp. 1. to

bear fruit 2. to be benefitted.

fXaw /p˙\.Æa.u~/ <ph\.Æa.u~> adj. fruit

bearing (plants, trees etc).

fiXyu& /p˙\.Æi.ju~/ <ph\.Æi.ju~> neut. a

street.

f&goXvu& /p˙\˜.goÆ.vu~/ <ph\~.go.Æ\.vu~>

v.tr.

to throw.

f&4avu& /p˙\¯.ˇa.vu~/ <ph\~.ˇa.vu~> v.intr. to

change direction.

f&6 /p˙\nÎ/ <ph\~.Î\> masc. fund.

f&fosvu& /p˙\m.p˙os.vu~/ <ph\~.pho.s\.vu~>

v.tr. to search minutely.

fakvu& /p˙\k.vu~/ <pha.k\.vu~> v.tr. to

have a mouthful of a powdery thing.

fakI /p˙a.ki/ <pha.kii> fem. powdered

medicine.

fako /p˙a.ko/ <pha.ko> masc. an act of

placing a mouthful of a powdery thing.

fag8 /p˙a.g\¯/ <pha.g\.¯\> masc. the

fifth month of the Vikram year.

facr /p˙a.c\r/ <pha.c\.r\> fem. a wage.

fajl /p˙a.Ô\l/ <pha.Ô\.l\> adj. surplus.

fa4 /p˙aˇ/ <pha.ˇ\> fem. a splitting.

fa4k /p˙a.ˇ\k/ <pha.ˇ\.k\> neut. a

railway crossing.

fa4fU4 /p˙aˇ.p˙uˇ/ <pha.ˇ\.phu.ˇ\> fem.

disunity.

fa4vu& /p˙aˇ.vu~/ <pha.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to be

torn.

fa6 /p˙aÎ/ <pha.Î\> fem. a splitting.

fat6o /p˙at.Îo/ <pha.t\.Îo> masc. a

eunuch.

fans /p˙a.n\s/ <pha.n\.s\> fem. a

lantern.

faydakark /p˙a.j\.da.ka.r\k/

<pha.j\.da.ka.r\.k\> adj. beneficial.

135

faydo /p˙aj.do/ <pha.j\.do> masc.

benefit.

fargtI /p˙ar.g\.ti/ <pha.r\.g\.tii> fem.

a divorce.

fars /p˙a.r\s/ <pha.r\.s\> neut. a farce.

fal /p˙al/ <pha.l\> masc. crop.

faltu& /p˙al.tu~/ <pha.l\.tu~> adj.

unnecessary.

falvu& /p˙al.vu~/ <pha.l\.vu~> v.intr. to

bloom.

fav4 /p˙a.v\ˇ/ <ph.v\.ˇ\> fem.

adaptability.

favvu& /p˙av.vu~/ <pha.v\.vu~> v.exp. 1. to

suit 2. to succeed.

faXv8I /p˙a.Æ\v.¯i/ <pha.Æ\.v\.¯ii> fem.

1. distribution 2. allotment.

faiXyu& /p˙a.Æi.ju~/ <pha.Æi.ju~> neut. a

turban.

faXo /p˙a.Æo/ <pha.Æo> masc. an allotted

share.

fa&k6u& /p˙a~k.Îu~/ <pha~.k\.Îu~> adj.

praiseworthy.

fa&ko /p˙a~.ko/ <pha~.ko> masc. vain pride.

fa&4o /p˙a~.ˇo/ <pha~.ˇo> masc. 1. a branch

2. a diverging part.

fa&d /p˙a/ <pha~.d\> fem. a pot-belly.

fa&fa& /p˙a~.p˙a~/ <pha~.pha~> masc. vain

efforts.

fa&s /p˙a~s/ <pha~.s\> fem. a splinter.

fa&sI /p˙a~.si/ <pha~.sii> fem. gallows.

fa&sIgr /p˙a~.si.g\r/ <pha~.sii.g\.r\>

masc. an executioner.

fa&so /p˙a~.so/ <pha~.so> masc. noose.

ifkr /p˙i.k\r/ <phi.k\.r\> fem. anxiety.

ifKku&/p˙ik.ku~/ <phi.kku~> adj. pale.

if4kar /p˙iˇ.kar/ <phi.ˇ\.ka.r\> masc.

hatred.

iflsUf /p˙il.sup˙/ <phi.l\.suu.ph\>

masc. a philosopher.

iflsUfI /p˙il.su.p˙i/ <phi.l\.suu.phii>

fem. philosophy.

fI8 /p˙i¯/ <phii.¯\> neut. foam.

fI8vu& /p˙i¯.vu~/ <phii.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to

froth.

fIfu& /p˙i.p˙u~/ <phii.phu~> neut. 1. a husk

2. an empty pod.

fugavo /p˙u.ga.vo/ <phuu.ga.vo> masc.

inflation.

fuTkarvu& /p˙ut.kar.vu~/ <phu.tka.r\.vu~>

v.tr. to hiss.

fudIno /p˙u.di.no/ <phu.dii.no> masc.

mint.

fursd /p˙ur.s\d/ <phuu.r\.s\.d\> fem.

leisure.

136

fuleku& /p˙u.le.ku~/ <phuu.le.ku~> neut. a

marriage procession.

fuvaro /p˙u.va.ro/ <phuu.va.ro> masc. a

fountain.

fUg /p˙ug/ <phuu.g\> fem. mould.

fUgvu& /p˙ug.vu~/ <phuu.g\.vu~> v.intr. to

become moldy.

fU4vu& /p˙ut.vu~/ <phuu.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to

break with a loud sound.

fUdu& /p˙u.du~/ <phuu.du~> neut. a

butterfly.

fUmtu& /p˙um.tu~/ <phuu.m\.tu~> neut. a

tassel.

fUl /p˙ul/ <phuu.l\> neut. a flower.

fUl8@ /p˙u.l\¯.Ôi/ <phuu.l\.¯\.Ôii> adj.

vain and boastful because of praise.

fUlf4ak /p˙ul.p˙\.ˇak/

<phu.l\.ph\.ˇa.k\> adj. foppish.

fUlvvu& /p˙u.l\v.vu~/ <phuu.l\.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to cause to swell

fUlvu& /p˙ul.vu~/ <phuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. . to

swell 2. to blossom.

fU&k /p˙u~k/ <phuu~.k\> fem. a puff.

fU&kvu& /p˙u~k.vu~/ <phuu~.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

blow 2. to puff.

fe8 /p˙e¯/ fem. a serpent’s hood.

fefsu& /p˙ep˙.su~/ <phe.ph\.su~> neut. a

lung.

fer /p˙er/ <phe.r\> masc. difference.

fer /p˙er/ <phe.r\> masc. vertigo.

ferIyo /p˙e.ri.jo/ <phe.rii.jo> masc. 1. a

hawker 2. a peddler.

ferI /p˙e.ri/ <phe.rii> fem. 1. a turn 2. a

trip.

fero /p˙e.ro/ <phe.ro> masc. 1. a turn 2.

a trip.

felavu& /p˙e.la.vu~/ <phe.la.vu~> v.intr. to

spread.

felavo /p˙e.la.vo/ <phe.la.vo> masc.

circulation.

fe&kvu& /p˙´~k.vu~/ <phe~.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

throw 2. to hurl.

fe&4o /p˙´~.ˇo/ <phe~.ˇo> masc. a kind of

turban.

fe&dvu& /p˙´~d.vu~/ <phe~.d\.vu~> v.tr. to

search.

fe&slo /p˙´~s.lo/ <phe~.s\.lo> masc.

disposal.

fo: /p˙oi/ <pho.ii> fem. father’s sister.

fok /p˙ok/ <pho.k\> adj. meaningless.

foj /p˙oÔ/ <pho.Ô\> fem. army.

fo6vu& /p˙oÎ.vu~/ <pho.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

break

violently.

fotrI /p˙ot.ri/ <pho.t\.rii> fem. husk.

137

foru& /p˙o.ru~/ <pho.ru~> neut. a drop.

folvu& /p˙ol.vu~/ <pho.l\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

peel

2. to husk.

foLlI /p˙ol.li/ <pho.llii> fem. a skin

boil.

foslavvu& /p˙os.lav.vu~/ <pho.s\.la.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to coax.

bk bk /b\k b\k/ <b\.k\.b\.k\> neut. a

prattle.

bkrI /b\k.ri/ <b\.k\.rii> fem. a female

goat.

bkru& /b\k.ru~/ <b\.k\.ru~> neut. a goat.

bkro /b\k.ro/ <b\.k\.ro> masc. a male

goat.

bkvu& /b\k.vu~/ <b\.k\.vu~> v.intr. to

prattle.

bixs /b\k.ßiß/ <b\.kßi.s\> <b> fem. a

gift.

b`tr /b\k˙.t\r/ <b\.kh\.t\.r\> neut. an

armor.

bi`yo /b\.k˙i.jo/ <b\.khi.jo> masc. a

stitch.

b`e6o /b\.k˙e.Îo/ <b\.khe.Îo> masc. a

quarrel.

b`ol /b\.k˙ol/ <b\.kho.l\> fem. a cave-

like hollow.

bg6vu& /b\.g\Î.vu~/ <b\.g\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to be spoiled 2. to be polluted.

bg6o /b\g.Îo/ <b\.g\.Îo> masc. the

symbol for 2.

bgl /b\.g\l/ <b\.g\.l\> fem. the

armpit.

bga6 /b\.gaÎ/ <b\.ga.Î\> masc.

wastage.

bga6vu& /b\.gaÎ.vu~/ <b\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to waste.

bgasu& /b\.ga.su~/ <b\.ga.Î\.vu~> neut. a

yawn.

bgIco /b\.gi.co/ <b\.gi.co> masc. a

garden.

bcku& /b\c.ku~/ <b\.c\.ku~> neut. a bite.

bct /b\.c\t/ <b\.c\.t\> fem. a saving.

bcp8 /b\c.p\¯/ <b\.c\.p\.¯\> neut.

childhood.

bcvu& /b\c.vu~/ <b\.c\.vu~> v.intr. to be

saved.

bcav /b\.cav/ <b\.ca.v\> masc. a

protection, a defense.

bCcu& /b\c.cu~/ <b\.ccu~> neut. a child.

bjar /b\.Ôar/ <b\.Ôa.r\> neut. market.

bza6vu& /b\.Ô˙aÎ.vu~/ <b\.Ôha.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to thrust upon skillfully.

138

b4ako /b\.ˇa.ko/ <b\.ˇa.ko> masc. a

potato.

b6b6vu& /b\Î.b\Î.vu~/ <b\.Î\.b\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. to prattle.

b6a: /b\.Îai/ <b\.Îa.ii> fem. boasting.

b6a= /b\.Îaß/ <b\.Îa.ß\> fem. boasting.

b8gu& /b\¯.gu~/ <b\.¯\.gu~> neut. 1. self-

praise, 2. boasting.

btk /b\.t\k/ <b\.t\.k\> neut. a duck.

btavvu& /b\.tav.vu~/ <b\.ta.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to show, 2. to guide.

b]aI /b\t.ti/ <b\.ttii> fem. a lamp.

b{aIs /b\t.ris/ <b\.trii.s\> adj. thirty

two, 32.

bdn /b\.d\n/ <b\.d\.n\> neut. the

body.

bdnxI /b\d.n\k.ßi/ <b\.d\.n\.kßii> fem.

defamation.

bdnam /b\d.nam/ <b\.d\.na.m\> adj.

notorious.

bdbu /b\d.bu/ <b\.d\.bu> fem. bad

smell.

bdma= /b\d.maß/ <b\.d\.ma.ß\> adj.

wicked.

bdlo /b\d.lo/ <b\.d\.lo> masc. an

exchange.

bdsUrt /b\d.su.r\t/ <b\.d\.suu.r\.t\>

adj. ugly (face).

bdam /b\.dam/ <b\.da.m\> fem. an

almond.

bdI /b\.di/ <b\.dii> fem. viciousness,

corruption.

b0u& /b\.d˙u~/ <b\.dhu~> adj. all, whole,

entire, total.

bnvu& /b\n.vu~/ <b\.n\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

become, 2. to take shape.

bnav /b\.nav/ <b\.na.v\> masc. an

event.

bnav4 /b\.na.v\ˇ/ <b\.na.v\.ˇ\> fem. 1.

construction, 2. cheating.

bnevI /b\.ne.vi/ <b\.ne.vii> masc.

sister’s husband.

bNne /b\n.ne/ <b\.nne> adj. both.

bpor /b\.por/ <b\.po.r\> fem. noon,

mid-day.

bfaro /b\.p˙a.ro/ <b\.pha.ro> masc.

sultry weather.

bbUck /b\.bu.c\k/ <b\.buu.c\.k\> adj.

stupid.

bm8u& /b\m.¯u~/ <b\.m\.¯u~> adj.

double.

byan /b\.jan/ <b\.ja.n\> neut. 1.

description, 2. narration.

brkt /b\r.k\t/ <b\.r\.k\.t\> fem. 1.

profit, 2. benefit.

br24 /b\r.c˙\ˇ/ <b\.r\.ch\.ˇ\> adj.

rough.

139

br6o /b\r.Îo/ <b\.r\.Îo> masc. the

back.

br8I /b\r.¯i/ <b\.r\.¯ii> fem. a jar.

brf /b\.r\p˙/ <b\.r\.ph\> masc. 1. ice,

2. snow.

brfI /b\r.p˙i/ <b\.r\.phii> fem. a kind

of sweet.

brbad /b\r.bad/ <b\.r\.ba.d\> adj.

ruined.

brabr /b\.ra.b\r/ <b\.ra.b\.r\> adj. 1.

equal, 2. similar, 3. right, 4. proper.

brobr /b\.ro.b\r/ <b\.ro.b\.r\> adj. 1.

equal, 2. similar, 3. right, 4. proper

broX /b\.roÆ/ <b\.ro.Æ\> fem. the

spleen.

blke /b\l.ke/ <b\.l\.ke> advb. not only

that.

bla /b\.la/ <b\.la> fem. 1. a ghost, 2. a

person who harasses like a ghost.

bil /b\.li/ <b\.li> masc. offering to a

deity.

bs /b\s/ <b\.s\> advb. enough.

bs /b\s/ <b\.s\> fem. bus.

bhadUr /b\.ha.dur/ <b\.ha.duu.r\> adj.

brave.

bhanu& /b\.ha.nu~/ <b\.ha.nu~> neut. an

excuse.

bhar /b\.har/ <b\.ha.r\> postp.

outside.

bihQkar /b\.hiß.kar/ <b\.hi.s°ka.r\>

masc. 1. rejection, 2. excommunication,

3. boycott.

bhu /b\.hu~/ <b\.hu~> adj. 1. many, 2.

much.

bhucra /b\.hu.c\.ra/ <b\.hu.c\.ra> fem.

a goddess of that name.

bhumit /b\.hu.m\.ti/ <b\.hu.m\.ti> fem.

majority.

bhu£pI /b\.hu.ru.pi/ <b\.huu.ruu.pii>

adj. assuming various forms with an

intention to hide an original one.

bhu£pI /b\.hu.ru.pi/ <b\.huu.ruu.pii>

masc. 1.a person who assumes various

forms with an intention to hide his/ her

original one. 2. a person who assume

various forms to entertain people.

bhu&vcn /b\.hu~.v\.c\n/ <b\.hu~.v\.c\.n\>

neut. plural.

bhen /b\.hen/ <b\.he.n\> fem. sister.

bheru& /b\.he.ru~/ <b\.he.n\> adj. deaf.

bhera= /b\.he.raß/ <b\.he.ra.ß\> fem.

deafness.

bX /b\Æ/ <b\.Æ\> nuet.1.power, 2.

strength.

bXt8 /b\Æ.t\¯/ <b\.Æ\.t\.¯\> neut.

fuel.

bXtra /b\.\.t\.ra/ <b\.Æ\.t\.ra> fem.

pain caused by burning.

140

bXd /b\.Æ\d/ <b\.Æ\.d\> masc. 1. oxen,

2. bullock 3. an idiot.

bXva`or /b\Æ.va.k˙or/ <b\.Æ\.va.kho.r\>

adj. rebellious.

bXvu& /b\Æ.vu~/ <b\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to burn.

bXvo /b\Æ.vo/ <b\.Æ\.vo> masc. revolt.

bXaTkar /b\.Æat.kar/ <b\.Æa.tka.r\> masc.

a rape.

biXya /b\.Æi.ja/ <b\.Æi.ja> masc. hon.

small-pox.

biXyu& /b\.Æi.ju~/ <b\.Æi.ju~> adj. strong.

bXev /b\.Æev/ <b\.Æe.v\> fem. a festival.

b&g6I /b\˜.gÎi/ <b\~.g\.Îii> fem. a

bangle.

b&6I /b\˜.Îi/ <b\~.Îii> fem. a waistcoat.

b&dr /b\n.d\r/ <b\~.d\.r\> neut. 1. a

port, 2. a harbor.

b&dUk /b\n.duk/ <b\~.du.k\> fem. a gun.

b&dUk6I /b\n.duk.Îi/ <b\~.du.k\.Îii> fem.

a small gun.

b&dobSt /b\n.do.b\s.t\/ <b\~.do.b\.st\>

masc. arrangement.

b&0 /b\n.d˙\/ <b\~.dh\> adj. closed.

b&0 /b\n.d˙\/ <b\~.dh\> masc. a dam.

b&0n /b\n.d˙\n/ <b\~.dh\.n\> neut. 1.

prohibition, 2. captivity.

b&0bestu& /b\nd˙.bes.tu~/

<b\~.dh\.be.s\.tu~> adj. suitable.

b&0besvu& /b\nd˙.bes.vu~/

<b\~.dh\.be.s\.vu~> v.intr. to be fitting.

b&0ar8 /b\n.d˙a.r\¯/ <b\~.dha.r\.¯\>

neut. 1. constitution 2. construction.

b&0ar8Iy /b\n.d˙a.r\.¯ij/

<b\~.dha.r\.¯i.j\> adj. constitutional.

b&i0yar /b\n.d˙i.jar/ <b\~.dhi.ja.r\> adj.

1. unventilated, 2. stagnant.

b&0I /b\n.d˙i/ <b\~.dhii> fem.

prohibition.

b&0u /b\n.d˙u/ <b\~.dhu> masc. 1.

brother, 2. a co-worker.

b&ba`anu& /b\m.ba.k˙a.nu~/

<b\~.ba.kha.nu~> neut. a fire-brigade

station.

b&bavaXo /b\m.ba.va.Æo/ <b\~.ba.va.Æo>

masc. a fireman.

b&bo /b\m.bo/ <b\~.bo> masc. a fire

engine.

b&srI /b\ns.ri/ <b\~.s\.rii> fem. a flute.

b&sI /b\ns.ri/ <b\~.sii> fem. a flute.

ba /ba/ <ba> fem. mother.

ba: /ba.i/ <ba.ii> fem. a maid-servant.

bakI /ba.ki/ <ba.kii> adj. 1. residua, 2.

balance, 3. surplus, 4. wanting.

141

ba`6vu& /ba.k˙\Î.vu~/ <ba.kh\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. to quarrel.

bag /bag/ <ba.g\> masc. a garden.

ba3u& /ba.g˙u~/ <ba.ghu~> adj. idiotic.

baj /baÔ/ <ba.Ô\> masc. a hawk.

baj5 /ba.Ô\ˇ˙/ <ba.Ô\.ˇh\> masc. a foot-

stool.

bajrI /baÔ.ri/ <ba.Ô\.rii> fem. millet.

ba@ /ba.Ôi/ <ba.Ôii> fem. a game.

ba@gr /ba.Ôi.g\r/ <ba.Ôii.g\.r\> masc. a

juggler.

bazvu& /ba.Ô˙.vu~/ <ba.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

embrace, 2. to quarrel.

ba4lI /baˇ.li/ <ba.ˇ\.lii> fem. a bottle.

ba8 /ba¯/ <ba.¯\> neut. an arrow.

ba8avXI /ba.¯a.v\.Æi/ <ba.¯a.v\.Æii>

masc. an expert archer.

batl /ba.t\l/ <ba.t\.l\> adj. cancelled.

bap /bap/ <ba.p\> masc. father.

bap6u& /bap.Îu~/ <ba.p\.Îu~> adj.

extremely helpless.

bapdada

/bap.da.da/ <ba.p\.da.da> masc.

pl. forefathers.

bafvu& /bap˙.vu~/ <ba.ph\.vu~> v.tr. to

cook by boiling.

babt /ba.b\t/ <ba.b\.t\> fem. an issue.

babaga6I /ba.ba.ga.Îi/ <ba.ba.ga.Îii>

fem. a hand-driven vehicle for children.

babo /ba.bo/ <ba.bo> masc. 1. a son, 2.

a boy.

bar /bar/ <ba.r\> adj. 1. twelve, 2. 12.

bar8u& /bar.¯u~/ <ba.r\.¯u~> neut. a door.

barmu& /bar.mu~/ <ba.r\.mu~> adj. twelfth.

barmu& /bar.mu~/ <b\.r\.mu~> neut. a

religious rite performed on the twelfth

day after a person’s death.

bar= / bars /ba.r\ß, ba.r\s/

<ba.r\.ß\/ ba.r\.s\> fem. twelfth day

of either of the fortnights.

barsa` /bar.sak˙/ fem. frame of a door.

bara`6I /ba.ra.k˙\.Îi/ fem. a series of

simple syllables organized in a particular

order.

baraxrI /ba.ra.kß\.ri/ fem. a series of

simple syllables organized in a particular

order.

barI /ba.ri/ fem. a window.

baru& /ba.ru~/ neut. an entrance.

barEya /ba.r\i.ja/ masc. a community so-

named.

baro4 /ba.roˇ/ masc. a community so-

named.

barobar /ba.ro.bar/ advb. directly.

142

baldI /bal.di/ fem. a bucket.

bav6u& /bav.Îu~/ neut. the upper arm.

bavn /ba.v\n/ adj. 1. fifty two, 2. 52.

bavlu& /bav.lu~/ neut. a statue.

bavX /ba.v\Æ/ masc. a kind of thorny

tree.

bavI /ba.vi/ fem. a female mendicant.

bavIs /ba.vis/ adj. twenty two, 22.

bavu& /ba.vu~/ neut. a cobweb.

bavo /ba.vo/ masc. a mendicant.

bas5 /ba.s\ˇ˙/ adj. sixty six.

basmtI /bas.m\.ti/ masc. a kind of rice.

basUdI /ba.su.di/ fem. a kind of sweet.

baho= /ba.hoß/ adj. skilful.

baXk /ba.\k/ neut. a child.

baXp8 /baÆ.p\¯/ neut. a childhood.

baXpo9I /baÆ.po.t˙i/ <ba.Æ\.po.thii> fem.

a primer.

baXbo0 /baÆ.bod˙/ <ba.Æ\.bo.dh\> adj.

a variety of Devanagari script.

baXm&idr /baÆ.m\n.dir/ <ba.Æ\.m\~.di.r\>

neut. a nursery.

baXlGn /baÆ.l\g.n\/ <ba.Æ\.l\.gn\> neut.

a child-marriage.

baXvu& /baÆ.vu~/ <ba.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to burn.

ba&k6o /ba~k.Îo/ <ba~.k\.Îo> masc. a

bench.

ba&0vu& /ba~d˙.vu~/ <ba~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1.to

tie 2. to wrap.

ba&0o /ba~.d˙o/ <ba~.dho> masc. a

physical construction.

ba&y /ba~j/ <ba~.j\> fem. a sleeve.

ba&y0rI /ba~j.d˙\.ri/ <ba~.j\.dh\.rii> fem.

security.

ibcaru& /bi.ca.ru~/ <bi.ca.ru~> adj. poor.

ib2anu& /bi.c˙a.nu~/ <bi.cha.nu~> neut. 1. a

bed. 2. a mattress.

bI2avvu& /bi.c˙av.vu~/ <bii.cha.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to spread.

ibnAnu-vI /bin.\.nu.b˙\.vi/

<bi.n\.\.nu.bh\.vii> adj.

inexperienced.

ibnj£rI /bin.Ô\.ru.ri/ <bi.n\.Ô\.ruu.rii>

adj. unnecessary.

ibn=rtI /bin.ß\r.ti/ <bi.n\.ß\.r\.tii> adj.

unconditional.

iblkul /bil.kul/ <bi.l\.ku.l\> advb. 1.

wholly, 2. in the least.

ibla6I /bi.la.Îi/ <bi.la.Îii> fem. a cat

(female).

ibla6o /bi.la.Îo/ <bi.la.Îo> masc. a cat

(male).

143

ibLlo /bil.lo/ <bi.llo> masc. 1. a badge,

2. a medal.

ibv6avvu& /biv.Îav.vu~/ <bi.v\.Îa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to frighten.

ibham8u& /bi.ha.m\¯u~/ <bi.ha.m\.¯u~>

adj. frightful.

ib&dI /bin.di/ <bi~.dii> fem. an

ornamental dot on the forehead.

ib&du /bin.du/ <bi~.du> neut. a drop.

ib&b /bimb/ <bi~.b\> neut. a reflection.

bI /bi/ <bii> neut. a seed.

bIk /bik/ <bii.k\> fem. fear.

bIcaru& /bi.ca.ru~/ <bii.ca.ru~> adj. 1. poor,

2. helpless.

bIj /biÔ/ <bii.Ô\> neut. a seed.

bIj /biÔ/ <bii.Ô\> fem. a second day of

either of the fortnight of a lunar month.

bIjvr /biÔ.v\r/ <bii.Ô\.v\.r\> masc. a

man marrying for the seond time.

bIju& /bi.Ôu~/ <bii.Ôu~> adj. 1. second, 2.

another.

bI6vu& /biÎ.vu~/ <bii.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

close (envelop etc.), 2. to wrap.

bI6I /bi.Îi/ <bii.Îii> fem. a kind of

cigar.

bIna /bi.na/ <bii.na> fem. . fact.

bIbI /bi.bi/ <bii.bii> fem. wife (mainly

in Muslim dialect).

bIbu& /bi.bu~/ <bii.bu~> neut. 1. a die, 2. a

printing block.

bI-Ts /bi.b˙\t.s\/ <bi.bh\.ts\> adj.

disgusting.

bImar /bi.mar/ <bi.ma.r\> adj. sick

bImarI /bi.ma.ri/ <bi.ma.rii> fem.

sickness.

bIvu& /bi.vu~/ <bii.vu~> v.intr. to fear.

bu5\5u& /buˇ˙.ˇ˙u~/ <bu.ˇhˇhu~> adj. blunt.

bu69l /buŒ.t˙\l/ <bu.Î\.th\.l\> adj.

idiotic.

bu6vu& /buÎ.vu~/ <bu.Î\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

sink, 2. to drown

bui)0 /bud˙.d˙i/ <bu.dhdhi> fem.

intelligence.

bu0var /bud˙.var/ <bu.dh\.va.r\> masc.

Wednesday.

bumra8 /bum.ra¯/ <bu.m\.ra.¯\> fem.

loud shouts.

bur`o /bur.k˙o/ <bu.r\.kho> masc. a

mask.

bulbul /bul.bul/ <bu.l\.bu.l\> neut. a

nightingale.

bul&d /bu.l\nd/ <bu.l\~.d\> adj. 1.

grand, 2. loud and deep sound.

bu&d /bund/ <bu~.d\> neut. a drop.

144

bU /bu:/ <buu> fem. odor.

bUc /buc/ <buu.c\> masc. a cork.

bUcu& /bu.cu~/ <buu.cu~> adj. a flat-nosed.

bU4 /buˇ/ <buu.ˇ\> fem. ear-lobe.

bUm /bum/ <buu.m\> fem. a shout.

bUmlu& /bum.lu~/ <buu.m\.lu~> neut. a

kind of fish.

be /be/ <be> adj. two.

beAab£ /be.ab.ru/ <be.a.b\.ruu> fem.

disgrace.

be:man /be.i.man/ <be.ii.ma.n\> adj.

dishonest.

bew /beu/ <be.u~> adj. both.

bekI /be.ki/ <be.kii> adj. an even

number.

be`br /be.k˙\.b\r/ <be.kh\.b\.r\> adj.

ignorant.

begm /be.g\m/ <be.g\.m\> fem. a

queen (Muslim).

becen /be.cen/ <be.ce.n\> adj. restless.

becenI /be.ce.ni/ <be.ce.nii> fem.

restlessness.

be4 /beˇ/ <be.ˇ\> masc. an island.

be4I /be.ˇi/ <be.ˇii> fem. a daughter.

be4o /be.ˇo/ <be.ˇo> masc. a son.

be5k /be.ˇ˙\k/ <be.ˇh\.k\> fem. a seat.

be5a6u& /be.ˇ˙a.Îu~/ <be.ˇha.Îu~> adj.

inactive (life).

be6I /be.Îi/ <be.Îii> fem. shackles.

be6u& /be.Îu~/ <be.Îu~> neut. a pair of

water-pot.

be6oX /be.ÎoÆ/ <be.Îo.Æ\> adj.

misshaped.

be7&gu& /be.Î˙\˜.gu~/ <be.Îh\~.gu~> adj.

disorderly.

betaXa& /be.ta.Æa~/ <be.ta.Æa~> masc. pl.

dimness of the eyes acquired around the

age of 42.

betaXIs /be.ta.Æis/ <be.ta.Æii.s\> adj.

forty-two.

bedrkar /be.d\r.kar/ <be.d\.r\.ka.r\>

adj. careless.

be06k /be.d˙\.Î\k/ <be.dh\.Î\.k\>

advb. fearlessly.

be0aru& /be.d˙a.ru~/ <b\.dha.ru~> adj.

double-edged.

be)yan /be.d˙jan/ <be.dhj.n\> adj.

inattentive.

benmUn /ben.mun/ <be.n\.muu.n\> adj.

unparalleled.

bepgu& /be.p\.gu~/ <be.p\.gu~> adj. biped.

bebakXu& /be.bak.Æu~/ <be.ba.k\.Æu~> adj.

perplexed.

145

be-an /be.b˙an/ <be.bha.n\> adj.

unconscious.

berojgar /be.roÔ.gar/ <be.ro.Ô\.ga.r\>

adj. unemployed.

bel6I /bel.Îi/ <be.l\.Îii> adj. a pair (of

two persons).

bevkUf /bev.kup˙/ <be.v\.ku.ph\> adj.

stupid.

bev6 /be.v\Î/ <be.v\.Î\> adj. folded.

be=k /be.ß\k/ <be.ß\.k\> advb.

undoubtedly.

be=rm /be.ß\.r\m/ <be.ß\.r\.m\> adj.

shameless.

be=u)0 /be.ßudd˙/ <be.ßu.dhdh\> adj.

swooned.

be=umar /beßu.mar/ <be.ßu.ma.r\> adj.

limitless.

bes8u& /bes.¯u~/ <be.s\.¯u~> neut. a

mourning ritual.

besvu& /bes.vu~/ <be.s\.vu~> v.intr. to sit.

besvu& /bes.vu~/ <be.s\.vu~> v.intr. to

begin (of a month, a year or a season

etc.). Ex. mne gya mihne p&drmu& vrs be5u&.

beSvad /be.svad/ <be.sva.d\> adj.

tasteless.

behal /be.hal/ <be.ha.l\> adj. ruined.

behUdI /be.hu.di/ <be.huu.dii> adj.

irrational.

bErI /b\i.ri/ <b\i.rii> fem. wife (now a

derogatory word, particularly in urban

and educated class).

bo`u& /bo.k˙u~/ <bo.khu~> adj. toothless.

bogdu& /bog.du~/ <bo.g\.du~> neut. a

tunnel.

bocI /bo.ci/ <bo.cii> fem. the neck.

boj /boÔ/ <bo.Ô\> masc. 1. burden 2.

weight.

bo6vu& /boÎ.vu~/ <bo.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

shave the head entirely.

bo6u& /bo.Îu~/ <bo.Îu~> adj. a shaved off

head.

bo8I /bo.¯i/ <bo.¯ii> fem. the first

cash-sale of the day.

bodu& /bo.du~/ <bo.du~> adj. dull.

bo0 /bod˙/ <bo.dh\> masc. sermon.

bor /bor/ <bo.r\> neut. a kind of berry.

bol /bol/ <bo.l\> masc. a speech.

bolvu& /bol.vu~/ <bo.l\.vu~> v.intr. to

speak.

bolacalI /bo.la.ca.li/ <bo.la.ca.lii> fem.

a verbal quarrel.

bolI /bo.li/ <bo.lii> fem. a dialect.

bovu& /bo.vu~/ <bo.vu~> v.tr. to sow.

146

boXvu& /boÆ.vu~/ <bo.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to dip,

2. to soak.

Bya=I /bja.ßi/ <bja.ßii> adj. eighty two.

b/a−8 /brah.m\¯/ <bra.hm\.¯\> masc.

Brahmin.

-kt /b˙\k.t\/ <bh\.kt\> masc.

worshiper (male)

-kta8I /b˙\k.ta.¯i/ <bh\.kta.¯ii> fem.

1. worshiper (female), 2. wife of a

worshiper.

-ikt /b˙\k.ti/ <bh\.kti> fem. devotion.

-gt /b˙\.g\t/ <bh\.g\.t\> masc.

worshiper (male)

-gta8I /b˙\g.ta.¯i/ <bh\.g\.ta.¯ii> fem.

1. worshiper (female), 2. wife of a

worshiper.

-gvtI /bg.v\.ti/ <bh\.g\.v\.tii> adj.

divine.

-gvan /b+\g.van/ <bh\.g\.va.n\>

masc. god.

-gvu& /b˙\g.vu~/ <bh\.g\.vu~> adj.

reddish.

-ignI /b.gi.ni/ <bh\.gi.nii> fem. sister.

-gIr9 /b.gi.r\t˙/ <bh\.dii.r\.th\> adj.

extremely difficult.

-Gn /b˙\g.n\/ <bh\.gn\> adj. broken.

-c6vu& /b˙\.c\Î.vu~/ <bh\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to eat recklessly.

-jn /b˙\.Ô\n/ <b\.Ô\.n\> neut.

1. devotional song, 2. hymn

-jvvu& /b˙\.Ô\v.vu~/ <bh\.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to perform (a play etc.)

-jvu& /b˙\Ô.vu~/ <bh\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

worship through singing, 2. to recite.

-ijyu& /b˙\.Ôi.ju~/ <bp\.ji.yu~> neut. a kind

of fried food made of gram flour.

-4kvu& /b˙\.ˇ\k.vu~/ <bh\.Ôi.ju~> v.intr. to

roam.

-4kavu& /b˙\ˇ.ka.vu~/ <bh\.ˇ\.ka.vu~>

v.intr. to collide.

-4Uiryu& /b˙\.tu.ri.ju~/ <bh\.ˇuu.ri.ju~>

neut. puppy.

-4\4 /bh\ˇ.ˇ\/ <bh\.tt\> masc. a

surname.

-i5yar`anu& /b˙\.ˇ˙i.jar.kha.nu~/

<bh\.ˇhi.ja.r\.kha.nu~> neut. a

bakery.

-5\5I /b˙\ˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <bh\.ˇhˇhii> fem. 1. an

oven, 2. a furnace, 3. a kiln.

-6 /b˙\Î/ <bh\.Î\> adj. brave

(person).

-6vIr /b˙\Î.vir/ <bh\.Î\.vii.r\> adj.

brave

-6kI /b˙\Î.ki/ <bh\.Î\.kii> fem.

porridge.

147

-6ko /b˙Î.ko/ <bh\.Î\.ko> masc. a big

flame.

-6ako /b˙\.Îa.ko/ <bh\.Îa.ko> masc.

an explosive sound.

-8kar /b˙\¯.kar/ <bh\.¯\.ka.r\> masc.

a sound indicating a future event.

-8tr /b˙\¯.t\r/ <bh\.¯\.t\.r\> neut.

education.

-8vu& /b˙\¯.vu~/ <bh\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to

study.

-8I /b˙\.¯i/ postp. towards.

-{aI@ /b˙\t.ri.Ôi/ <bh\.trii.Ôii> fem. a

niece.

-± /b˙\d.r\/ <bh\.dr\> adj.

auspicious.

-pko /b˙\p.ko/ <bh\.p\.ko> masc. 1. a

grand appearance, 2. a grand show.

--k /b˙\.b˙\k/ <bh\.bh\.k\> fem.

luster.

-ravvu& /b˙\b˙.rav.vu~/

<bh\.bh\.ra.v\.vu~> v.tr. to sprinkle

powder.

--Ukvu& /b˙\.b˙uk.vu~/ <bh\.bhuu.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to blaze suddenly.

--Ut /b˙\.b˙ut/ <bh\.bhuu.t\> fem.

ashes.

--UtI /b˙\.b˙u.ti/ <bh\.bhuu.tii> fem.

ashes.

-mrI /b˙\m.ri/ <bh\.m\.rii> fem. a

wasp (female).

-mro /b˙\m.ro/ <bh\.m\.ro> fem. a

wasp (male).

-mvu& /b˙\m.vu~/ <bh\.m\.vu~> v.intr. 1.

to rotate, 2. to wander.

-Mmr /b˙\m.m\r/ <bh\.mm\.r\> fem.

the eyebrow.

-y&kr /b˙\.jan.k\r/ <bh\.j\~.k\.r\> adj.

frightful.

-yank /b˙\.ja.n\k/ <bh\.ja.n\.k\> adj.

frightful.

-r6vu& /b˙\.r\Î.vu~/ <bh\.r\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to grind.

-rt /b˙\.r\t/ <bh\.r\.t\> neut.

embroidery.

-rtgU&98 /b˙\.r\t gu~.t˙\¯/

<bh\.r\.t\.gu~.th\.Î\> neut.

embroidery.

-rtI /b˙\r.ti/ <bh\.r\.tii> fem. tide.

-rpUr /b˙\r.pur/ <bh\.r\.puu.r\> adj.

abundant.

-r-a&`Xu& /b˙\r.b˙a~k˙.Æu~/

<bh\.r\.bha~.kh\.Æu~> neut. the dawn.

-rm /b˙\.r\m/ <bh\.r\.m\> masc.

illusion.

-rmavu& /b˙\r.ma.vu~/ <bh\.r\.ma.vu~>

v.intr. to be deceived.

148

-rvvu& /b˙\.r\v.vu~/ <bh\.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to hang.

-rva6 /b˙\r.vaÎ/ <bh\.r\.va.Î\> masc.

a shepherd.

-rvu& /b˙\r.vu~/ <bh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to fill.

-rvu& /b˙\r.vu~/ <bh\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

measure.

-raw /b˙\.ra.u/ <bh\.ra.u> adj. 1.

plump, 2. chubby.

-rosapa{a /b˙\.ro.sa.pat.r\/

<bh\.r\.sa.pa.tr\> adj. trustworthy.

-roso /b˙\.ro.so/ <bh\.ro.so> masc.

trust.

-yuR&-adyuR& /b˙\.rju~.b˙ad.rju~/ adj.

prosperous.

-lmnsa: /b˙\l.m\n.sai/

<bh\.l\.m\.n\.sa.ii> fem. goodness.

-la: /b˙\.la.i/ <bh\.la.ii> fem. 1.

goodness, 2. gentleness.

-lam8 /b˙\.la.m\¯/ <bh\.la.m\.¯\>

fem. recommendation.

-lu& /b˙\.lu~/ <bh\.lu~> adj. good.

-le /b˙\le/ <bh\.le> advb. well.

-v /b˙\v/ <bh\.v\> masc. life.

-vn /b˙\.v\n/ <bh\.v\.n\> neut. a big

house.

-va: /b˙\.va.i/ <bh\.va.ii> fem. 1. a

folk-drama, 2. fiasco.

-va6o /b˙\.va.Îo/ <bh\.va.Îo> masc.

fiasco.

-vanI /b˙\.va.ni/ <bh\.va.nii> fem. the

goddess Parvati.

-vayo /b˙\.va.jo/ <bh\.va.jo> masc. the

actor of a -va: - a folk-drama.

-ivQy /b˙\.viß.j\/ <bh\.vi.s°j\> neut.

future.

-vu& /b˙\.vu~/ <bh\.vu~> neut. the

eyebrow.

-vo-v /b˙\.vo.b˙\v/ <bh\.vo.bh\.v\>

advb. in each birth.

-Vy /b˙\.vj\/ <bh\.vj\> adj. grand.

-svu& /b˙\s.vu~/ <bh\.s\.vu~> v.intr. to

brak.

-Xtu& /b˙\Æ.tu~/ <bh\.Æ\.tu~> adj. similar.

-Xvu& /b˙\Æ.vu~/ <bh\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to

mix with.

-&ga8 /b˙\˜.ga¯/ <bh\~.ga.¯\> neut. a

break.

-&gar /b˙\˜.gar/ <bh\~.ga.r\> masc.

scrap.

-&6ar /b˙\¯.Îar/ <bh\~.Îa.r\> masc. 1. a

granary 2. a store-house.

-&6aro /b˙\¯.Îa.ro/ <bh\~.Îa.ro> masc. a

collective dinner for community given as

a part of social custom or religious ritual.

-&6oX /b˙\¯.Îo/ <bh\~.Îa.ro> neut.

fund.

149

-&-ervu& /b˙\m.b˙er.vu~/ <bh\~.bhe.r\.vu~>

v.tr. to incite.

-a /b˙a/ <bha> masc. an honorable

term used for elders.

-a: /b˙a.i/ <bha.ii> masc. brother.

-a:caro /b˙a.i.ca.ro/ <bha.ii.ca.ro>

masc. brotherhood.

-a:b&0I /b˙a.i.b\n.di/ <bha.ii.b\~.dhii>

fem. friendship.

-a:-a&6u /b˙a.i.b˙a~¯.Îu/ <bha.ii.bha~.Îu>

masc. pl. brothers and sisters of the same

presents.

-a`rI /b˙ak˙.ri/ <bha.kh\.rii> fem. a

kind of bread.

-ag /b˙ag/ <bha.g\> masc. 1. share, 2.

part.

-agvu& /b˙ag.vu~/ <bha.g\.vu~> v.intr. to

run away.

-agakar /b˙a.ga.kar/ <bha.ga.ka.r\>

masc. division (in maths).

-agIdar /b˙a.gi.dar/ <bha.gii.da.r\>

masc. partner (normally in business).

-agIdarI /b˙a.gi.da.ri/ <bha.gii.da.rii>

fem. partnership.

-agoX /b˙a.goÆ/ <bha.go.Æ\> fem. an

outskirt of a village/ a small town.

-aGy /b˙ag.j\/ <bha.gj\> neut. 1.fate, 2.

destiny.

-aGyu&tU4yu& /b˙a.gju~.tu.ˇju~/ <bha.gju~.tu.ˇju~>

adj. broken.

-aGye /\b˙ag.je/ <bha.gje> advb. rarely.

-a@ /b˙a.Ôi/ <bha.Ôii> fem. vegetables

(leafy).

-a@mUXa /b˙a.Ôi.mu.Æa/ <bha.Ôii.muu.Æa>

masc. pl. an insignificant person or

thing.

-a4 /b˙aˇ/ <bha.ˇ\> masc. a bard.

-a4a: /b˙a.ˇa.i/ <bha.ˇa.ii> fem. 1. the

function of a bard, 2. excessive flattery.

-ai4yo /b˙a.ˇi.jo/ <bha.ˇi.jo> masc. a

community so-named.

-a6u& /b˙a.Îu~/ <bha.Îu~> neut. 1. rent, 2.

fair, 3. freight.

-a6Ut /b˙a.Îut/ <bha.Îu.t\> masc. a

tenant.

-a8aVyvhar /b˙a.¯a.vj\v.har/

<bha.¯a.vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc. relation

permitting joint meals.

-ai8yo /b˙a.¯i.jo/ <bha.¯i.jo> masc. a

sister’s son.

-a8I /b˙a.¯i/ <bha.¯ii> fem. a sister’s

daughter.

-a8u& /b˙a.¯u~/ <bha.¯u~> neut. a dish

served.

-a8ej /b˙a.¯eÔ/ <bha.¯e.Ô\> masc. a

sister’s son.

150

-a8o /b˙a.¯o/ <bha.¯o> masc. a sister’s

son.

-at /b˙at/ <bha.t\> fem. design.

-at /b˙at/ <bha.t\> masc. pl. cooked

rice.

-adrvo /b˙a.d\r.vo/ <ba.d\.r\.vo> masc.

eleventh month of the Vikram year.

-an /b˙an/ <bha.n\> neut.

consciousness.

-a-I /b˙a.b˙i/ <bha.bhii> fem. a

brother’s wife.

-ar /b˙ar/ <bha.r\> masc. 1. weight, 2.

burden.

-ar8 /b˙a.r\¯/ <bha.r\.¯\> neut. 1.

weight, 2. burden.

-art /b˙a.r\t/ <bha.r\.t\> neut. India.

-artIy /b˙ar.ti.j\/ <bha.r\.tii.j\> adj.

Indian.

-are /b˙a.re/ <bha.re> adj. 1. heavy, 2.

weighty.

-aro /b˙a.ro/ <bha.ro> masc. a bundle

of grass or wood.

-alo6u& /b˙a.lo.Îu~/ <bha.lo.Îu~> neut. an

arrow.

-av /b˙av/ <bha.v\> masc. rate.

-av /b˙av/ <bha.v\> masc. feeling.

-avna /b˙av.na/ <bha.v\.na> fem. 1.

desire 2. sentiment.

-avvu& /b˙av.vu~/ <bha.v\.vu~> v.exp. to

like in taste.

-ava9R /b˙a.var.t˙\/ <bha.va.rth\> masc.

implied meaning.

-aiv /b˙a.vi/ <bha.vi> neut. 1. future, 2.

fate.

-aivk /b˙a.vik/ <bha.vi.k\> adj.

emotional.

-aq8 /b˙a.ß\¯/ <bha.s°\.¯\> neut. 1. a

speech, 2.a lecture, 3. a discourse.

-aqa /b˙a.ßa/ <bha.s°a> fem. language.

-aqa&tr /b˙a.ßa~n.t\r/ <bha.s°a~.t\.r\> neut.

translation.

-aqa&trkar /b˙a.ßa~n.t\r.kar/

<bha.s°a~.t\.r\.ka.r\> masc. translator.

-aQy /b˙aß.j\/ <bha.s°j\> neut.

commentary.

-as /b˙as/ <bha.s\> masc. an illusion.

-aX /b˙aÆ/ <bha.Æ\> fem. whereabouts.

-aXvu& /b˙aÆ.vu~/ <bha.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to see.

-a&g /b˙a~˜.g\/ <bha~.g\> fem. 1. hemp,

2. a drink containing hemp.

-a&gfo6 /b˙a~g.p˙oÎ/ <bha~.g\.pho.Î\>

fem. breakage.

-a&gro /b˙a~˜g.ro/ <bha~.g\.ro> masc. a

kind of herb.

151

-a&gvu& /b˙a~g.vu~/ <bha~.g\.vu~> v.tr. to

break.

-a&jg6 /b˙a~Ô.g\Î/ <bha~.Ô\.g\.Î\> fem.

1. negotiations, 2. quarrel.

-a&jg6Iyu& /b˙a~Ô.g\.Îi.ju~/

<bha~.Ô\.g\.Îii.ju~> adj. 1. quarrelsome,

2. negotiator.

-a&6vu& /b˙a~¯Î.vu~/ <bha~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

revile.

-a&-rvu& /b˙a~.b˙\r.vu~/ <bha~.bh\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to bellow.

i-`ar8 /b˙i.k˙a.r\¯/ <bhi.kha.r\.¯\>

fem. a female beggar.

i-`arI /b˙i.k˙a.ri/ <bhi.kha.rii> masc. a

male beggar.

i-Nn /b˙in.n\/ <bhi.nn\> adj. different.

-I` /b˙ik˙/ <bhii.kh\> fem. begging.

-I6 /b˙iÎ/ <bhii.Î\> fem. crowdedness.

-I6vu& /b˙iÎ.vu~/ <bhii.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

shut up, 2. to fasten.

-Itr /b˙i.t\r/ <bhii.t\.r\> neut. within.

-Ina= /b˙i.naß/ <bhii.na.ß\> fem.

moisture.

-Inu& /b˙i.nu~/ <bhii.nu~> adj. 1.wet, 2.

soaked, 3. moist.

-Il /b˙il/ <bhii.l\> masc. a community

so named.

-I&g6u& /b˙i~g.Îu~/ <bhii~.g\.Îu~> neut. 1. a

dead skin, 2. a scale.

-I&jvvu& /b˙i~.Ô\v.vu~/ <bhii.Ô\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to soak.

-I&6o /b˙i¯.Îo/ <bhi.Îo> masc. okra.

-I&t /b˙i~t/ <bhi~.t\> fem. a wall.

-Ulk8u& /b˙u.l\k.¯u~/ adj. absent-minded.

-Ul-ulam8I /b˙ul.b˙u.lam.¯i/

<bhu.l\.bhu.la.m\.¯ii> fem. a

labyrinth.

-USko /b˙us.ko/ <bhuu.sko> masc. a

jump downward.

-Uk&p /b˙u.k\mp/ <bhuu.k\~.p\> masc.

an earthquake.

-UkI /b˙u.ki/ <bhuu.kii> fem. fine

powder.

-Uko /b˙u.ko/ <bhuu.ko> masc. powder.

-U` /b˙uk˙/ <bhuu.kh\> fem. hunger.

-U`ru& /b˙uk˙.ru/ <bhuu.kh\.ru~> adj.

grey.

-U~yu& /b˙u.k˙ju~/ <bhuu.khju~> adj.

hungry.

-UgoX /b˙u.goÆ/ <bhu.go.Æ\> fem.

geography.

-Ucr /b˙u.c\r/ <bhu.c\.r\> adj.

terrestrial.

-Ut /b˙ut/ <bhuu.t\> neut. a ghost.

152

-UtavX /b˙u.ta.v\Æ/ <bhuu.ta.v\.Æ\> fem.

a group of ghosts.

-Udev /b˙u.dev/ <bhuu.de.v\> masc. a

Brahman.

-Uim /b˙u.mi/ <bhuu.mi> fem. land.

-Uimka /b˙u.mi.ka/ <bhuu.mi.ka> fem.

an introduction.

-Uimit /b˙u.mi.ti/ <bhuu.mi.ti> fem.

geometry.

-Uimdah /b˙u.mi.dah/ <bhuu.mi.da.h\>

masc. burial.

-UrkI /b˙ur.ki/ <bhuu.r\.kii> fem. a

spell.

-Uiryu& /b˙u.ri.ju~/ <bhuu.ri.ju~> adj.

bluish.

-Uru& /b˙u.ru~/ <bhuu.ru~> adj. blue.

-Ul /b˙ul/ <bhuu.l\> fem. 1. mistake, 2.

error.

-Ulvu& /b˙ul.vu~/ <bhuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. to

forget.

-Ulu& /b˙u.lu~/ <bhuu.lu~> adj. astray.

-Uvo /b˙u.vo/ <bhuu.vo> masc. a

remover of ghosts.

-Usko /b˙us.ko/ <bhuu.s\.ko> masc. a

jump downward.

-UStrivd\ya /b˙us.t\r.vi.dja/

<bhuu.st\.r\.vi.dja> fem. geology.

-U&kvu& /b˙u~k.vu~/ <bhu~.k\.vu~> v.intr. to

bray.

-U&gX /b˙u˜.g\/ <bhu~.g\.Æ\> fem. a

long-tube like trumpet.

-U&gXI /b˙u~˜.g\.Æi/ <bhu~.g\.Æii> fem. a

small pipe or a small tube.

-U&gXu& /b˙u~˜.g\.Æu~/ <bhu~.g\.Æu~> neut. a

big pipe or a big tube.

-U&jvu& /b˙u~Ô.vu~/ <bhu~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to

roast.

-U&6 /b˙u¯Î/ <bhuu~.Î\> neut. a pig.

-U&6a: /b˙u¯.Îai/ <bbhuu~.Îa.ii> fem.

wickedness.

-U&6u& /b˙u¯.Îu~/ <bhuu.Îu~> adj. wicked.

-U&svu& /b˙u~s.vu~/ <bhuu~.s\.vu~> v.tr. to

erase.

-eg /b˙eg/ <bhe.g\> masc. admixture.

-egu& /b˙e.gu~/ <bhe.g\> adj. 1. mixed, 2.

collected.

-ej /b˙eÔ/ <bhe.Ô\> masc. humidity.

-eju& /b˙e.Ôu~/ <bhe.Ôu~> neut. 1.the brain,

2. intellect.

-e4 /b˙eˇ/ <bhe.ˇ\> fem. a meeting.

-e4 /b˙eˇ/ <bhe.ˇ\> fem. a gift.

-e4vu& /b˙eˇ.vu~/ <bhe.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to

embrace.

-e4o /b˙e.ˇo/ <bhe.ˇo> masc. a meeting.

153

-ed /b˙ed/ <bhe.d\> masc. difference.

-ed /b˙ed/ <bhe.d\> masc. mystery.

-ed-av /b˙ed.b˙av/ <bhe.d\.bha.v\>

masc. discrimination.

-edvu& /b˙ed.vu~/ <bhe.d\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

pierce, 2. to thurst.

-edI /b˙e.di/ <bhe.dii> adj. mysterious.

-edu /b˙e.du/ <bhe.du> masc. mystic.

-ervvu& /b˙e.r\v.vu~/ <bhe.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to hang.

-eX /b˙eÆ/ <bhe.Æ\> fem. a mixture.

-eXvvu& /b˙e.Æ\v.vu~/ <bhe.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to mix.

-eXseX /b˙eÆ.seÆ/ <bhe.Æ\.se.Æ\> fem.

adulteration.

-eXseXIyu& /b˙eÆ.se.Æi.ju~/ <bhe.Æ\.se.Æii.ju~>

adj. 1. adulterated, 2. miscellaneous.

-e&= ~ -e&s /b˙´~s ~ b˙´~ß/ <bhe~.ß\ ~ bhe~.s\>

fem. a buffalo.

-o: /b˙o.i/ <bho.ii> masc. a community

so named.

-og /b˙og/ <bho.g\> masc. 1. a

sacrifice, 2. an offering to the god.

-ogv4o /b˙og.v\.ˇo/ <bho.g\.v\.ˇo>

masc. ownership.

-ogvvu& /b˙o.g\v.vu~/ <bho.g\.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to enjoy (the ownership,

possession).

-ogivlas /b˙og.vi.las/ <bho.g.vi.la.\s>

masc. luxury.

-ogI /b˙o.gi/ <bho.gii> adj. a person

who enjoys or suffers.

-oGy /b˙og.j\/ <bho.gj\> adj. worth

enjoying.

-ojn /b˙o.Ô\n/ <bho.Ô\.n\> neut. a

mean (formal).

-o4 /b˙oˇ/ <bho.ˇ\> adj. idiotic.

-o4vo /b˙oˇ.vo/ <bho.ˇ\.vo> masc. an

earthen jug.

-omyo /b˙o.mi.jo/ <bho.mi.jo> masc. a

guide.

-oir&g /b˙o.ri˜g/ <bho.ri~.g\> masc. a

big serpent.

-olu& /b˙o.lu~/ <bho.lu~> neut. a monkey.

-oXvvu& /b˙o.Æ\v.vu~/ <bho.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to cheat.

-oXu& /b˙o.Æu~/ <bho.Æu~> adj. a simple-

hearted.

-o&kvu& /b˙ø~k.vu~/ <bho.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

pierce, 2. to bore.

-o&5p /b˙ø~.ˇ˙\p/ <bho.ˇh\.p\> fem.

crestfallen.

-o&5u& /b˙ø~.ˇ˙u~/ <bho.ˇhu~> adj.

crestfallen.

154

-o&y /b˙ø~j/ <bho.\> fem. 1. land, 2.

ground.

-o&ytXIyu& /b˙ø~j.t\.Æi.ju~/ <bho.j\.t\.Æi.ju~>

neut. a ground-floor.

-o&yru& /b˙ø~j.ru~/ <bho.j\.ru~> neut. a

tunnel.

-Ogoilk /b˙\u.go.lik/ <bh\u.go.li.k\>

adj. geographical.

-Oitk /b˙\u.tik/ <bh\.ti.k\> adj. 1.

physical, 2. materialistic, 3. mundane.

-/m /b˙r\m/ <bhr\.m\> masc. illusion.

-/Q4 /b˙r\ß.ˇ\/ <bhr\.s°ˇ\> neut. 1.

polluted, 2. degenerated.

-/Q4acar /b˙r\ß.ˇa.car/ <bhr\.s°ˇa.ca.r\>

masc. corruption.

-/amk /b˙ra.m\k/ <bhra.m\.k\> adj.

deceptive.

-/a&it /b˙ra~n.ti/ <bra~.ti> fem. illusion.

-<8 /b˙ru¯/ <br≤u.¯\> masc. an

undeveloped embryo.

mkr /m\.k\r ra.ßi/ <m\.k\.r\> fem. the

Capricorn, the tenth sign of the zodiac.

mka: /m\.ka.i/ <m\.ka.ii> fem. maize.

mkan /m\.kan/ <m\.ka.n\> neut. a

house.

mk\km /m\k.k\m/ <m\.kk\.m\> adj.

firm.

m`ml /m\k˙.m\l/ <m\.kh\.m\.l\>

neut. velvet.

m~`IcUs /m\k˙.k˙i.cus/

<m\.khkhii.cuu.s\> adj. extremely

miser.

mg /m\g/ <m\.g\> masc. pl. a kind of

pulse.

mgj /m\.g\Ô/ <m\.g\.Ô\> neut. the

brain.

mgj /m\.g\Ô/ <m\.g\.Ô\> masc. a kind

of sweet.

mgtru& /m\.g\t.ru~/ <m\.g\.t\.ru~> neut.

a mosquito.

mgfXI /m\g.p˙\.Æi/ <m\.g\.ph\.Æii>

fem. groundnut.

mgr /m\.g\r/ <m\.g\.r\> masc.

alligator.

mck /m\.c\k/ <m\.c\.k\> fem. giving

in.

mcko6 /m\c.koÎ/ <m\.c\.ko.Î\> fem.

muscle stratch.

mc6vu& /m\.c\Î.vu~/ <m\.c\.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to twist.

mC2r /m\c.c˙\r/ <m\.cch\.r\> neut. a

mosquito.

m2vo /m\c˙.vo/ <m\.ch\.vo> masc. a

small boat.

155

mjnU /m\Ô.nu/ <m\.Ô\.nuu> adj.

lovelorn.

mjbUt /m\Ô.but/ <m\.Ô\.buu.t\> adj.

strong.

mjbUtI /m\Ô.bu.ti/ <m\.Ô\.buu.tii> fem.

strength.

mjbUr /m\Ô.bur/ <m\.Ô\.buu.r\> adj.

helpless.

mjbUrI /m\Ô.bu.ri/ <m\.Ô\.buu.rii> fem.

helplessness.

mja /m\.Ôa/ <m\.Ôa> fem. pleasant.

mjUr /m\.Ôur/ <m\.Ôuu.r\> masc. a

labor.

mjUs /m\.Ôus/ <m\.Ôuu.s\> masc. a big

wooden box carving on it.

mjja /m\Ô.Ôa/ <m\.ÔÔa> fem. the

marrow of bone.

m4ku& /m\ˇ.ku~/ <m\.ˇ\.ku~> neut. a wink.

m4m4avvu& /m\ˇ.m\.ˇav.vu~/

<m\.ˇ\.m\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to wink.

m4vu& /m\ˇ.vu~/ <m\.ˇ\.vu~> v.exp. to be

cured.

m5 /m\ˇ˙/ <m\.ˇh\> masc. pl. a kind of

pulse.

m5 /m\ˇ˙/ <m\.ˇh\> masc. a monastery.

m5arvu& /m\.ˇ˙ar.vu~/ <m\.ˇha.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to repair, 2. to fix error in a writing.

m5o /m\.ˇ˙o/ <m\.ˇho> masc. a food

made of yogurt.

m6du& /m\Î.du~/ <m\.Î\.du~> neut. a

dead body.

m6aga&5 /m\.Îa.ga~ˇ˙/ <m\.Îa.ga~.ˇh\>

fem. a deadlock.

m7vu& /m\Î˙.vu~/ <m\.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. to

frame (a photo for example).

mi8 /m\.¯i/ <m\.¯i> masc. a gem.

mi8yar /m\.¯i.jar/ <m\.¯i.ja.r\> masc.

a professional bangle-maker.

mt /m\t/ <m\.t\> masc. 1. an opinion,

2. a vote.

mtdar /m\t.dar/ <m\.t\.da.r\> masc. a

voter.

mtp{a /m\t.p\t.r\/ <m\.t\.p\.tr\> neut.

a voting paper.

mt-ed /m\t.b˙ed/ <m\.t\.bhe.d\> masc.

difference of opinion.

mtlb /m\t.l\b/ <m\.t\.l\.b\> fem. 1.

purpose, 2. intention.

mtlibyu& /m\t.l\b.i.ju~/ <m\.t\.l\.bi.ju~>

adj. selfish.

mtai0kar /m\.ta.d˙i.kar/

<m\.ta.dhi.ka.r\> masc. the right to

vote.

mit /m\.ti/ <m\.ti> fem. intellect.

mtu& /m\.tu~/ <m\.tu~> neut. signature.

156

m9vu& /m\t˙.vu~/ <m\.th\.vu~> v.intr. to

churn.

m9am8 /m\.t˙a.m\¯/ <m\.tha.m\.¯\>

fem. hard work.

m9aXu& /m\.t˙a.Æu~/ <m\.tha.Æu~> neut. 1. a

heading, 2. a top.

mdd /m\.d\d/ <m\.d\.d\> fem. help.

mdinyu& /m\.d\n.i.ju~/ <m\.d\.ni.ju~> neut.

a young one of an elephant.

mdarI /m\.da.ri/ <m\.da.rii> masc. a

jugglar.

midra /m\.di.ra/ <m\.di.ra> fem. wine.

m0 /m\.d˙/ <m\.dh\> neut. honey.

m0ur /m\.d˙ur/ <m\.dhu.r\> adj.

sweet.

m)y /m\d˙.j\/ <m\.dhj\> adj. 1.

middle, 2. central.

m0rat /m\d˙.rat/ <m\.dh\.ra.t\> fem.

mid-night.

mn /m\n/ <m\.n\> neut. an organ of

desire.

mnn /m\.n\n/ <m\.n\.n\> neut. deep-

thinking.

mnsUbo /m\n.su.bo/ <m\.n\.su.bo>

masc. motive.

mnSvI /m\.n\s.vi/ <m\.n\.svii> adj. 1.

self-willed, 2. whimsical.

mna: /m\.nai/ <m\.na.ii> fem. 1.

prohibition, 2. forbidding.

mnam8u& /m\.nam.¯u~/ <m\.na.m\.¯u~>

neut. reconciliation.

mnavvu& /m\.nav.vu~/ <m\.na.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to pursue, 2. to pacify.

mnIqa /m\.ni.ßa/ <m\.nii.s°a> fem.

desire.

mnuQy /m\.nuß.j\/ <m\.nu.s°j\> masc. a

human being.

mne /m\.ne/ <m\.ne> pron. to me.

mnobX /m\.no.b\Æ/ <m\.no.b\.Æ\> neut.

willpower.

mnor9 /m\.no.r\t˙/ <m\.no.r\.th\>

masc. desire.

mnor&jk /m\.no.r\n.Ô\k/

<m\.no.r\~.Ô\.k\> adj. entertaining.

mnor&jn /m\.no.r\n.Ô\n/

<m\.no.r\~.Ô\.n\> neut. entertainment.

mnoiv}aan /m\.no.vig.nan/

<m\.no.vi.gna.n\> neut. spychology.

mnohr /m\.no.h\r/ <m\.no.h\.r\> adj.

attractive.

mft /m\.p˙\t/ <m\.ph\.t\> advb. free

of cost.

mbl` /m\b.l\k˙/ <m\.b\.l\.kh\> adj.

abundant.

mmt /m\.m\t/ <m\.m\.t\> fem.

insistence.

157

mmra /m\m.ro/ <m\.m\.ra> masc. a

type of rice flake.

mmXavvu& /m\m.Æav.vu~/

<m\.m\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to chew.

mrkvu& /m\.r\k.vu~/ <m\.r\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to smile.

mr3I /m\r.g˙i/ <m\.r\.ghii> fem. a hen.

mrjad /m\r.Ôad/ <m\.r\.Ôa.d\> fem.

decency.

mrjadI /m\r.Ôa.di/ <m\.r\.Ôa.dii> adj.

observing strict untouchablility (a

religious practice found mainly among

the Vaishnava. This untouchability has

nothing to do with social

untouchablility).

mrijyat /m\r.Ôi.jat/ <m\.r\.Ôi.ja.t\> adj.

voluntary.

mr@ /m\r.Ôi/ <m\.r\.Ôii> fem. desire.

mr@vo /m\r.Ôi.vo/ <m\.r\.Ôii.vo> masc.

diver.

mr6avu& /m\r.Îa.vu~/ <m\.r\.Îa.vu~>

v.intr. to be twisted.

mr6o /m\r.Îo/ <m\.r\.Îo> masc.

dysentery.

mr8 /m\.r\¯/ <m\.r\.¯\> neut. death.

mri8yu& /m\.r\.¯i.ju~/ <m\.r\.¯i.ju~> adj.

desperate.

mrd /m\.r\d/ <m\.r\.d\> masc. male.

mrvu& /m\r.vu~/ <m\.r\.vu~> v.intr. to die.

mrvo /m\r.vo/ <m\.r\.vo> masc. a small

unripe mango.

mrisyo /m\.r\.si.jo/ <m\.r\.si.jo> masc.

a mourning song.

mrhUm /m\r.hum/ <m\.r\.huu.m\> adj.

1. deceased, 2. late.

mramt /m\.ra.m\t/ <m\.ra.m\.t\> fem.

1. repair, 2. mending.

mrI /m\.ri/ <m\.rii> fem. black or white

pepper.

mrImsalo /m\.ri.m\.sa.lo/

<m\.rii.m\.sa.lo> masc. spices.

mro6 /m\.roÎ/ <m\.ro.Î\> masc. a

shape (of a letter for example).

mmR /m\r.m\/ <m\.rm\> masc. deep

meaning.

myaRda /m\r.ja.da/ <m\.rja.da> fem. 1.

limit, 2. border.

myaRidt /m\r.ja.dit/ <m\.rja.di.t\> adj.

limited.

mlkvu& /m\.l\k.vu~/ <m\.l\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to smile.

mlm /m\.l\m/ <m\.l\.m\> masc.

ointment.

mlml /m\l.m\l/ <m\.l\.m\.l\> neut.

muslin.

mla: /m\.lai/ <m\.la.ii> fem. cream.

158

mvalI /m\.va.li/ <m\.va.lii> masc. a

scoundrel.

m=£ /m\ß.ru/ <m\.ß\.ru~> neut. cotton

and silk mixed yarn.

m=hUr /m\ß.hur/ <m\.ß\.huu.r\> adj.

renowned.

m+krI /m\ß.k\.ri/ <m\.ßk\.rii> fem. 1. a

joke, 2. a jest.

mslt /m\s.l\t/ <m\.s\.l\.t\> fem.

consultation.

msXvu& /m\.s\Æ.vu~/ <m\.s\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

to knead.

msa8 /m\.sa¯/ <m\.sa.¯\> neut. a

burial-place.

msai8ya /m\.sa.¯i.jo/ <m\.sa.¯i.ja>

masc. a mourner accompanying a

funeral procession.

msalo /m\.sa.lo/ <m\.sa.lo> masc.

spices.

mso /m\.so/ <m\.so> masc. a wart.

mStk /m\s.t\k/ <m\.st\.k\> neut. the

head.

mhiqR /m\.h\r.ßi/ <m\.h\.rs°i> masc. a

great sage.

mh&t /m\.h\nt/ <m\.h\~.t\> masc. the

head of a monastery.

mha /m\.ha/ <m\.ha> masc. forth

month of the Vikram year.

mhakaVy /m\.ha.kav.j\/ <m\.ha.ka.vj\>

neut. epic.

mhamarI /m\.ha.ma.ri/ <m\.ha.ma.rii>

fem. an epidemic.

mhar9I /m\.ha.r\.t˙i/ <m\.ha.r\.thii>

masc. an extremely powerful warrior.

mharaj /m\.ha.raÔ/ <m\.ha.ra.Ô\> masc.

1.an emperor, 2. a temple priest, 3. a

cook.

mharaja /m\.ha.ra.Ôa/ <m\.ha.ra.Ôa>

masc. an emperor.

mhara8I /m\.ha.ra.ni/ <m\.ha.ra.¯ii>

fem. an empress.

mhaly /m\.ha.l\j/ <m\.ha.l\.j\> masc.

a palace.

mhavro /m\.hav.ro/ <m\.ha.v\.ro>

masc. practice.

mhasagr /m\.ha.sa.g\r/

<m\.ha.sa.g\.r\> masc. an ocean.

mihno /m\.hi.no/ <m\.hi.no> masc. a

month.

mihla /m\.hi.la/ <m\.hi.la> fem. a

woman.

mhuvr /m\.hu.v\r/ <m\.huu.v\.r\>

neut. a snake charmer’s flute.

mhe&k /m\.h´~k/ <m\.he~.k\> fem.

fragrance.

mheC2a /m\.hec.c˙a/ <m\.he.ccha> fem.

an ambition.

mhe8u& /m\.he.¯u~/ <m\.he.¯u~> neut. a

taunt.

159

mhetl /m\.he.t\l/ <m\.he.t\.l\> fem. a

time limit.

mhetI /m\.he.ti/ <m\.he.tii> fem. 1. a

teacher’s wife, 2. a female teacher.

mheto /m\.he.to/ <m\.he.to> masc. 1.

teacher, 2. an accountant.

mhent /m\.he.n\t/ <m\.he.n\.t\> fem.

mental or manual work.

mhenta8u& /m\.hen.ta.¯u~/

<m\.he.n\.ta.¯u~> neut. remuneration.

mheman /m\.he.man/ <m\.he.ma.n\>

masc. hon. a guest.

mhel /m\.hel/ <m\.he.l\> masc. a

palace.

mXtr /m\Æ.t\r/ <m\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. 1.

remuneration 2. profit.

mXvu& /m\Æ.vu~/ <m\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to

meet.

mXvu& /m\Æ.vu~/ <m\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to

gain.

m&ko6o /m\˜.ko.Îo/ <m\~.ko.Îo> masc. a

kind of black ant.

m&gXfero /m\˜.\Æ.p˙e.ro/

<m\~.g\.Æ\.phe.ra> masc. a marriage

ritual in which bride and bridegroom

move around the marriage platform.

m&gXvar /m\˜.g\Æ.var/ <m\~.g\.Æ\.va.r\>

masc. Tuesday.

m&gXsU{a /m\˜.g\Æ.sut.r\/

<m\~.g\.Æ\.su.tr\> neut. a necklace-

like ornament usually presented by the

bridegroom to the bride.

m&gXacr8 /m\˜g.Æa.c\.r\¯/

<m\~.g\.Æa.c\.r\.¯\> neut. invocation

of a divine being at the bringing of an

auspicious work.

m&@ra /m\µ.Ôi.ra/ <m\~.Ôii.ra> masc. pl. a

pair of cymbals.

m&jUr /m\µ.Ôur/ <m\~.Ôuu.r\> adj.

approved.

m&jUrI /m\µ.Ôu.ri/ <m\~,Ôuu.rii> fem.

approval.

m&6p /m\¯.Î\p/ <m\~.Î\.p\> masc. a

decorated platform.

m&6vu& /m\¯Î.vu~/ <m\~.Î\.vu~> v.intr. .to

begin, 2. to start.

m&trvu& /m\n.t\r.vu~/ <m\~.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to bind by a spell.

m&tVy /m\n.t\.vj\/ <m\~.t\.vj\> neut.

opinion.

m&{a /m\nt.r\/ <m\~.tr\> masc. a spell.

m&{aI /m\n.tri/ <m\~.trii> masc. a

minister.

m&9n /m\n.t˙\n/ <m\~.th\.n\> neut. a

churning.

m&d /m\nd/ <m\~.d\> adj. slow.

m&dva6 /m\nd.vaÎ/ <m\~.d\.va.Î\> fem.

sickness.

m&idr /m\n.dir/ <m\~.di.r\> neut. a

temple.

160

m&dI /m\n.di/ <m\~.dii> fem. 1. scarcity,

2. trade depression.

ma /ma/ <ma> fem. 1. mother, 2.

grandmother.

ma:ka&glu& /mai.ka˜g.lu~/ <ma.ii.ka~.g\.lu~>

adj. physically weak.

mak6 /ma.k\Î/ <m> masc. a bug.

ma` /mak˙/ <ma.kh\> fem. a fly.

ma`8 /ma.k˙\¯/ <ma.kh\.¯\> neut.

butter.

mag /mag/ <ma.g\> fem. demand.

magvu& /mag.vu~/ <ma.g\.vu~> v.tr. to ask

for.

magu& /ma.gu~/ <ma.gu~> neut. a proposal

for betrothal.

ma28 /ma.c˙\¯/ <ma.ch\.¯\> fem. a

fisherwoman.

ma2lI /mac˙.li/ <m> fem. a fish.

ma2I /ma.c˙i/ <ma.chii> masc. a

fisherman.

ma@ /ma.Ôi/ <ma.Ôii> adj. former.

ma@ /ma.Ôi/ <ma.Ôii> fem. hon. 1. a

grandmother, 2. a goddess.

ma4I /ma.ˇi/ <ma.ˇii> fem. clay.

ma4e /ma.ˇe/ <ma.ˇe> postp. for

ma5u& /ma.ˇ˙u~/ <ma.ˇhu~> adj. .bad, 2.

wrong.

ma6I /ma.Îi/ <ma.Îii> fem. 1. mother,

2. goddess.

ma8 /ma¯/ <ma.¯\> fem. a metallic pot.

ma8vu& /ma¯.vu~/ <ma.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to

enjoy.

ma8s /ma.¯\s/ <ma.¯\.s\> masc. a

human being.

ma8sa: /ma¯.sai/ <ma.¯\.sa.ii> fem.

humility.

ma8ek /ma.¯ek/ <ma.¯e.k\> neut. a

ruby.

mata /ma.ta/ <ma.ta> fem. 1. mother, 2.

goddess.

ma{a /mat.r\/ <ma.tr\> advb. 1. only, 2.

merely.

ma{aa /mat.ra/ <ma.tra> fem. a unit of

measure.

ma9akU4 /ma.t˙a.kuˇ/ <ma.tha.kuu.ˇ\>

fem. unnecessary discussion.

ma9afrel /ma.t˙a.p˙\.rel/

<ma.tha.ph\.re.l\> adj. hot-tempered.

ma9a-are /ma.t˙a.b˙a.re/ <ma.tha.bha.re>

adj. 1. challenging, 2. uncontrollable.

ma9u& /ma.t˙u~/ <ma.thu~> neut. head.

madiXyu& /ma.d\Æ.ju/ <ma.d\.Æi.ju~> neut.

an amulet.

mada /ma.da/ <ma.da> adj. female.

161

ma)ym /mad˙.j\m/ <ma.dhj\.m\> adj.

medium.

man /man/ <ma.n\> neut. fame.

manta /man.ta/ <ma.n\.ta> fem. 1. a

pledge, 2. a religious vow.

mand /ma.n\d/ <ma.n\.d\> adj.

honorary.

mannIy /ma.n\.ni.j\/ <ma.n\.nii.j\> adj.

honorable.

manpan /man.pan/ <ma.n\.pa.n\> neut.

respect.

manvu& /man.vu~/ <ma.n\.vu~> v.tr. to

believe.

manisk /man.sik/ <ma.n\.si.k\> adj.

mental.

manItu& /ma.ni.tu~/ <ma.nii.tu~> adj.

favorite.

maNy /man.j\/ <ma.nj\> adj. acceptable.

map /map/ <ma.p\> neut. measure.

mafI /ma.p˙i/ <ma.phii> fem.

forgiveness.

mabap /mabap/ <ma.ba.p\> neut. pl.

parents.

mama /ma.ma/ <ma.ma> masc. hon.

mother’s brother.

mamI /ma.mi/ <ma.mii> fem. mother’s

brother’s wife.

mamUlI /ma.mu.li/ <ma.muu.lii> adj.

insignificant.

mamo /ma.mo/ <ma.mo> masc. mother’s

brother.

mayka&glu& /maj.ka˜g.lu~/ <ma.j\.ka~.g\.lu~>

adj. very weak (in terms of physical

construction).

maya /ma.ja/ <ma.ja> fem. illusion.

mar /mar/ <ma.r\> masc. beating.

marpI4 /mar.piˇ/ <ma.r\.pii.ˇ\> fem.

repeated or severe beating.

marft /mar.p˙\t/ <ma.r\.ph\.t\> postp.

1. with, 2. by, 3. through.

marvu& /mar.vu~/ <ma.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

beat, 2. to strike.

maramarI /ma.ra.ma.ri/ <ma.ra.ma.rii>

fem. a violent clash.

magR /marg/ <ma.rg\> masc. a road.

maimRk /mar.mik/ <ma.rmi.k\> adj.

subtle.

mal /mal/ <ma.l\> masc. goods.

maldar /mal.dar/ <ma.l\.da.r\> adj.

rich.

malmta /mal.m\.ta/ <ma.l\.m\.ta> fem.

property.

malimlkt /mal.mil.k\t/

<ma.l\.mi.l\.k\.t\> fem. property.

mailk /ma.lik/ <ma.li.k\> masc. 1.

owner, 2. a master, 3. a boss, 4. god.

162

mailkI /ma.li.ki/ <ma.li.kii> fem.

ownership.

mail= /ma.liß/ <ma.li.ß\> fem.

massaging.

mavjt /mav.Ô\t/ <ma.v\.Ô\.t\> fem.

care.

mav5u& /mav.ˇ˙u~/ <ma.v\.ˇhu~> neut.

unseasonable rain.

mavi6yu& /ma.v\Î.ju~/ <ma.v\.Îi.ju~> adj.

too much obedient of mother.

mavtr /mav.t\r/ <ma.v\.t\.r\> neut. pl.

parents.

mavo /ma.vo/ <ma.vo> masc. 1. solid

cream of milk, 2. kernel of fruits etc.

ma=I /ma.ßi/ <ma.ßii> fem. mother’s

sister.

mas /mas/ <ma.s\> masc. a month.

maisk /ma.sik/ <ma.si.k\> adj.

monthly.

maisk /ma.sik/ <ma.si.k\> neut.

women’s menses.

maso /ma.so/ <ma.so> masc. mother’s

sister’s husband.

maihtI /ma.hi.ti/ <ma.hi.tii> fem.

knowledge.

maX /maÆ/ <ma.Æ\> masc. a storey.

maX`u& /maÆ.k˙u~/ <ma.Æ\.khu~> neut. 1. a

structure, 2. a frame.

maXa /ma.Æa/ <ma.Æa> fem. a garland.

maiXyu& /ma.Æi.ju~/ <ma.Æi.ju~> neut. a

storey.

maXI /ma.Æi/ <ma.Æii> masc. a gardener.

maXo /ma.Æo/ <ma.Æo> masc. a nest.

ma&jvu& /ma~Ô.vu~/ <ma~.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to

cleanse a pot and etc.

ma&6vu& /ma~Î.vu~/ <ma~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

begin, 2. to start.

ma&6vu& /ma~Î.vu~/ <ma~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

close.

ma&dgI /ma~d.gi/ <ma~.d\.gii> fem.

sickness.

ma&dlu& /ma~d.lu~/ <ma~.d\.lu~> adj. always

sick.

ma&du& /ma~.du~/ <ma~.du~> adj. sick.

ma&s /ma~s/ <ma~.s\> neut. flash.

ma&sahar /ma~.sa.har/ <ma~.sa.ha.r\>

masc. meat or mutton food.

ma&saharI /ma~.sa.ha.ri/ <ma~.sa.ha.rii>

adj. non- vegetarian.

imjagru& /mi.Ôa.g\.ru~/ <mi.Ôa.g\.ru~> neut.

a hinge.

imjaj /mi.ÔaÔ/ <mi.Ôa.Ô\> masc.

temperament.

imja@ /mi.Ôa.Ôi/ <mi.Ôa.Ôii> adj. hot-

tempered.

163

imit /mi.ti/ <mi.ti> fem. a date.

im{a /mit.r\/ <mi.tr\> masc. a friend.

im{ata /mit.r\.ta/ <mi.tr\.ta> adj.

friendship.

im(ya /mit˙.ja/ <mi.thja> adj. 1. illusory,

2. unreal.

imlkt /mil.k\t/ <mil.k\.t\> fem.

property.

imln /mi.lan/ <mi.l\.n\> neut. 1.

meeting, 2. union.

imlav4 /mi.la.v\ˇ/ <mi.la.v\.ˇ\> fem.

adulteration.

imlavvu& /mi.lav.vu~/ <mi.la.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to mix.

imS{aI /mis.tri/ <mi.strii> masc. a skilled

craftsman.

mI5a: /mi.ˇ˙a.i/ <mi.ˇha.ii> fem. sweet.

mI5a= /mi.ˇ˙aß/ <mii.ˇha.ß\> fem.

sweetness.

mI5u& /mi.ˇ˙u~/ <mii.ˇhu~> neut. salt.

mI5u& /mi.ˇ˙u~/ <mii.ˇhu~> adj. sweet.

mI8 /mi::¯/ <mii.¯\> neut .wax.

mI8b]aI /mi:Î.b\t.ti/ <mii.¯\.b\.ttii>

fem. candle.

mI&6u& /miÎ.Îu~/ <mii.Îu~> neut. a figure

of zero.

mI&7X /mi~.Î˙\Æ/ <mii~.Îh\.Æ\> neut. a

kind of fruit.

mI&7u& /mi~¯.Î˙o/ <mii~.Îhu~> adj. shrewd.

muk¥mo /mu.k\d.d\.mo/

<mu.k\.dd\.mo> masc. a law suit.

mukablo /mu.kab.lo/ <mu.ka.b\.lo>

masc. a comparison.

mukt /muk.t\/ <mu.kt\> adj. free.

muikt /muk.ti/ <mu.kti> fem. freedom.

mu`vas /muk˙.vas/ <mu.kh\.va.s\>

masc. a sort of mouth cleaning food

taken after a meal.

mu`I /mu.k˙i/ <mu.khii> masc. chief of

a village or a community.

mu~y /muk˙.j\/ <mu.khj\> adj. 1. chief,

2. foremost.

mug4 /mu.g\ˇ/ <mu.g\.ˇ\> masc. a

crown.

mu5\5I /muˇ˙.ˇ˙i/ <mu.ˇhˇhii> fem. a fist.

mutr6I /mu.t\r.Îi/ <mu.t\.r\.Îii> fem. a

urinal.

mudt /mu.d\t/ <mu.d\.t\> fem. a fixed

time.

mu¥l /mud.d\l/ <mu.dd\.l\> fem. the

principal amount.

mu¥o /muddo/ <mu.ddo> masc. issue.

mu±k /mud.r\k/ <mu.dr\.k\> masc.

printer.

164

mu±a /mud.ra/ <mu.dra> fem. a stamp.

muin/mu.ni/ <mu.ni> masc. a sage.

munIm /mu.nim/ <mu.ni.m\> masc. 1.

an accountant, 2. a manager.

mufils /mup˙.lis/ <mu.ph\.li.s\> adj.

penniless.

mur3I /mur.g˙i/ <mu.r\.ghii> fem. hen.

murityo /mu.r\.ti.o/ <mu.r\.ti.jo> masc.

a would-be-son-in-law or bridegroom.

murBbI /mu.r\b.bi/ <mu.r\.bbii> adj.

elderly.

murBbo /mu.r\b.bo/ <mu.r\.bbo> masc.

a kind of conserved food.

murad /mu.rad/ <mu.ra.d\> fem. desire.

mulk /mu.l\k/ <mu.l\.k\> masc. a

territory.

multvI /mu.l\t.vi/ <mu.l\.t\.vii> adj.

postponed.

mulv8I /mu.l\v.¯i/ <mu.l\.v\.¯ii> fem.

valuation.

mulakat /mu.la.kat/ <mu.la.ka.t\> fem.

a visit.

mulaym /mu.la.j\m/ <mu.la.j\.m\> adj.

soft.

mu+kel /muß.kel/ <mu.ßke.l\> adj.

difficult.

mu+kelI /muß.ke.li/ <mu.ßke.lii> fem.

difficulty.

mus¥o /mu.s\d.do/ <mu.s\.ddo> masc.

a draft.

muslman /mu.sal.man/

<mu.s\.l\.ma.n\> masc. a follower of

Islam.

musafr /mu.sa.p˙\r/ <mu.sa.ph\.r\>

masc. a traveller.

musafrI /mu.sa.p˙\.ri/ <mu.sa.ph\.rii>

fem. 1 a travel, 2. a journey.

musIbt /mu.si.b\t/ <mu.sii.b\.t\> fem.

trouble.

muiSlm /mus.lim/ <mu.sli.m\> masc. a

follower of Islam.

mUkvu& /muk.vu~/ <mu.k\.vu~> v.tr. to put.

mU&gu& /mu˜.gu/ <muu~.gu~> adj. 1.

speechless, 2. silent.

mU2 /muc˙/ <mu.ch\> fem. the

moustache.

mU5 /muˇ˙/ <mu.ˇh\> fem. the hilt of a

sword.

mU6I /mu.Îi/ <muu.Îii> fem. 1. capital,

2. investment.

mUtr /mu.t\r/ <muu.t\.r\> neut. urine.

mUtrvu& /mu.t\r.vu~/ <muu.t\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to urinate.

mU{aip*6 /mut.r\.pi¯.Î\/ neut. the kidney.

mU{aa=y /mut.ra.ß\j/ <muu.tra.ß\.j\>

masc. the bladder.

165

mUr` /mu.r\k˙/ <muu.r\.kh\> adj. fool.

mUtR /mur.t\/ <muu.rt\> adj. 1.

corporeal, 2. concrete.

mUitR /mur.ti/ <muu.rti> fem. an idol.

mUlvvu& /mu.l\v.vu~/ <muu.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to ascertain the price, 2. to assay.

mULy /mul.j\/ <muu.lj\> neut. 1. value,

2. price.

mUX /muÆ/ <muu.lj\> neut. 1. origin, 2.

root, 3. fundamental.

mUXaxr /mu.Æak.ß\r/ <muu.Æa.kß\.r\>

masc. pl. the letters of an alphabet.

mUXo /mu.Æo/ <muu.Æo> masc. a radish.

mU&gu& /mu˜.gu~/ <muu~.gu~> adj. 1.

speechless, 2. dumb.

mU&zv8 /mu~Ô˙.v\¯/ <muu~.Ôh\.v\.¯\>

fem. uneasiness.

mU&zavu& /mu~.Ô˙a.vu~/ <muu.Ôha.vu~> v.intr.

to be perplexed.

mU&6vu& /mu¯Î.vu~/ <mu~.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

shave the head entirely.

m<Tyu& /mrut.ju~/ <mr≤u.tju~> neut. death.

m<d&g /mru.d\˜g/ <mr≤u.d\~.g\> neut. a

kind of drum.

me6I /me.Îi/ <me.Îii> fem. an upper

storey.

me9I /me.t˙i/ <me.tii> fem. 1. a kind of

seed used for seasoning, 2. a plant used

as vegetable.

me9Ipak /me.t˙i.pak/ <me.thii.pa.k\>

masc. a sweet made of me9I.

me9Iyu& /met˙.ju~/ <me.thii.ju~> neut. a kind

of pickles seasoned with me9I.

med /med/ <me.d\> masc. fat.

mednI /med.ni/ <me.d\.nii> fem.

congregation.

medan /me.dan/ <me.da.n\> neut. 1. a

plain, 2. a playground.

mena /me.na/ <me.na> fem. a kind of

song-bird.

mel /m´l/ <me.l\> masc. 1. filth, 2. dirt.

mel`aw& /m´l.k˙a.u~/ <me.la.kha.u~> adj. a

cloth that conceals dirt.

mel6I /m´l.Îi/ <me.l\.Îii> fem. a female

ghost.

melvu& /mel.vu~/ <me.l\.vu~> v.tr. to put.

melu& /m´.lu~/ <me.lu~> adj. 1. dirty, 2.

filthy.

me&= /m´~ß/ <me.ß\> fem. soot.

meXv8 /meÆ.v\¯/ <me.Æ\.v\.¯\> neut. a

mixture.

meXvvu& /me.Æ\v.vu~/ <me.Æ\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to mix.

166

meXap /me.Æap/ <me.Æa.p\> masc. 1. a

meeting, 2. a union.

meXav6o /me.Æav.Îo/ <me.Æa.v\.Îo>

masc. a public function.

meXo /me.Æo/ <me.Æo> masc. a fair.

me& /m´~/ <me~> pron. I.

moklvu& /mok\l.vu~/ <mo.k\.l\.vu> v.tr.

to send.

mokXa= /mok.Æaß/ <mo.k\.Æa.ß\> fem. 1.

roominess, 2. freedom, 3. comfort.

mokXu& /mok.Æu~/ <mo.k\.Æu~> adj. 1.

spacious, 2. open.

moka8 /mo.ka¯/ <mo.ka.¯\> fem. a

condolence ritual.

moko /mø.ko/ <mo.ko> masc. a

favorable opportunity.

mox /mok.ß\/ <mo.kß\> masc.

liberation.

mogro /mog.ro/ <mo.g\.ro> masc. a

kind of flower plant.

moc8 /mo.c\¯/ <mo.c\.¯\> fem. a

female of the cobbler community.

mocI /mo.ci/ <mo.cii> masc. 1. a

cobbler, 2. a name of a community.

moj6I /moÔ.Îi/ <mo.Ô\.Îii> fem. a kind

of light, embroidered shoe.

mojmja /moÔ.m\.Ôa/ <mo.Ô\.m\.Ôa> fem.

1 luxury, 2. comfort.

moj=o` /moÔ.ßok˙/ <mo.Ô\.ßo.kh\>

masc. luxury.

moju& /mo.Ôu~/ <mo.Ôu~> neut. a wave.

moju& /mo.Ôu~/ <mo.Ôu~> neut. a glove.

mojUd /mo.Ôud/ <mo.Ôu.d\> adj.

existing.

mo4u& /mo.ˇu~/ <mo.ˇu~> adj. 1. big, 2.

large, 3. adult, 4. elder.

mo6u& /mo.Îu~/ <mo.Îu~> adj. late.

mo7amo7 /mø.Î˙a.moÎ˙/

<mo.Îha.mo.Îh\> advb. fact to face.

mo7u& /mø.Î˙u~/ <mo.Îhu~> neut. the

mouth.

mo8 /mo¯/ <mo.¯\> neut. lubricant

mixed with flour.

mot /møt/ <mo.t\> neut. death.

moityo /mo.ti.jo/ <mo.ti.jo> masc.

cataract.

motI /mo.ti/ <mo.tii> neut. a pearl.

modI /mo.di/ <mo.dii> masc. a grocery.

mo- /mob˙/ <mo.bh\> masc. a beam

supporting a roof.

mo-adar /mo.b˙a.dar/ <mo.bha.da.r\>

adj. 1. respected, 2. having high status.

mor /mor/ <mo.r\> masc. peacock.

morco /mor.co/ <mo.r\.co> masc. front.

167

morlI /mor.li/ <mo.r\.lii> fem. a flute.

mors /mo.r\s/ <mo.r\.s\> fem. granular

sugar.

moiryo /mor.(i).jo/ <mo.ri.jo> masc. a

kind of wild corn.

morI /mø.ri/ <mo.rii> fem. a drain.

mol /mol/ <mo.l\> masc. a standing

crop.

movu& /mo.vu~/ <mo.vu~> v.tr. to lubricate

flour with oil, ghee etc.

mosm /mo.s\m/ <mo.s\.m\> fem. a

season.

mosmI /mos.mi/ <mo.s\.mii> adj.

seasonal.

mos&bI /mo.s\m.bi/ <mo.s\~.bii> fem. a

kind of fruit.

mosaX /mo.saÆ/ <mo.sa.Æ\> neut. the

maternal side of relation.

mosaXu& /mo.sa.Æu~/ <mo.sa.Æu~> neut. 1.

gifts given by the parents to their

daughter on her first pregnancy, 2. gifts

given by the maternal side of the

relatives.

moh /moh/ <mo.h\> masc. fascination.

mohk /mo.h\k/ <mo.h\.k\> adj.

charming.

mohn9aX /mo.h\n.t˙a/

<mo.h\.n\.tha.Æ\> masc. a kind of

sweetmeets.

mohvu& /moh.vu~/ <mo.h\.vu~> v.tr. to be

fascinated or deluded.

moXu& /mø.Æu~/ <mo.Æu~> adj. tasteless.

mo& /mø~/ <mo~> neut. 1. the mouth, 2.

face.

mo&3varI /mø~g˙.va.ri/ <mo~.gh\.va.rii>

fem. 1. dearness, 2. allowance.

mo&3u& /mø~˜.gu~/ <mo~.ghu~> adj. extremely

dear.

mOn /m\un/ <m\u.n\> neut. self-

imposed dumbness.

mOlvI /m\ul.vi/ <m\ul.vii> masc. 1. a

learned Muslim, 2. an expert in Islamic

laws.

mOlIk /m\u.lik/ <m\u.lii.k\> adj.

original.

Myan /mjan/ <mja.n\> neut. a scabbard.

yk<t /j\k.rut/ <j\.kr≤u.t\> neut. the liver.

yjman /j\Ô.man/ <j\.Ô\.ma.n\> masc. a

host.

y}a /j\g.n\/ <j\.gn\> masc. a religious

performance.

ymdUt /j\m.dut/ <j\.m\.duu.t\> masc. a

servant of the god of death.

y= /j\ß/ <j\.ß\> masc. fame.

y&{a /j\n.tr\/ <j\~.tr\> neut. a machine.

168

yatna /jat.na/ <ja.t\.na> fem. suffering.

ya{aa /jat.ra/ <ja.tra> fem. a pilgrim.

yad /jad/ <ja.d\> fem. memory.

yadI /ja.di/ <ja.dii> fem. a note.

yan /jan/ <ja.n\> neut. a vehicle

(formal)

yar /jar/ <ja.r\> masc. friend.

ya&i{ak /ja~t.rik/ <ja~.tri.k\> adj. machine-

like.

yuikt /juk.ti/ <ju.kti> fem. 1. skill, 2.

trick.

yug /jug/ <ju.g\> masc. an age.

yu)0 /jud˙.d˙\/ <ju.dhdh\> neut. war.

yuvk /ju.v\k/ <ju.v\.k\> masc. a young

man.

yuvtI /juv.ti/ <ju.v\.tii> fem. a young

women.

yuvraj /juv.raÔ/ <ju.v\.ra.Ô\> masc. a

crown prince.

yuvra}aI /juv.rag.ni/ <ju.v\.ra.gnii> fem.

the wife of a crown prince.

yog /jo.g\/ <jo.g\> masc. union.

yoganuyog /jo.ga.nu.jog/ <jo.ga.nu.jo.g\>

advb. 1. by chance, 2. incidently.

yoignI /jo.gi.ni/ <jo.gi.nii> fem. a

female ascetic.

yogI /jo.gi/ <jo.gii> masc. an ascetic.

yoGy /jog.j\/ <jo.gj\> adj. 1. proper, 2.

needful.

yojk /jo,Ô\k/ <jo.Ô\.k\> masc. an

organizer.

yojna /joÔ.na/ <jo.Ô\.na> fem. a plan.

yojvu& /joÔ.vu~/ <jo.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to plan.

yoin /jo.ni/ <jo.ni> fem. a female’s

generative organ.

yOvn /jau.ban/ <j\u.v\.n\> neut. youth.

rkm /r\.k\m/ <r\.k\.m\> fem. a thing.

rkabI /r\.ka.bi/ <r\.ka.bii> fem. 1. a

plate, 2. a saucer.

rkt /rk.t\/<r\.kt\> neut. blood.

rxk /r\k.ß\k/ <r\.kß\.k\> masc. a

guard.

rxa /r\k.ßa/ <r\.kßa> fem. a protection.

r`6p4\4I /r\.k˙\Î.p\ˇ.ˇi/

<r\.kh\.Î\.p\.ˇˇii> fem. 1. wandering,

2. roaming.

r`6vu& /r\.k˙\Î.vu~/ <r\.kh\.Î\.vu~>

v.intr. 1. to wander, 2. to roam.

r`6u& /r\k˙.Îu~/ <r\.kh\.Îu~> adj. 1.

wandering, 2. roaming.

169

r`at /r\.k˙at/ <r\.kha.t\> fem. an illicit

wife.

r`e /r\.k˙e/ <r\.khe> advb. by chance.

r`evaX /r\.k˙e.vaÆ/ <r\.khe.va.Æ\> masc.

1. guardian, 2. a protector.

rg /r\g/ <r\.g\> fem. a vein.

rgi=yu& /r\.g\.ßi.ju~/ <r\.g\.ßi.ju~> adj.

slow and tedious.

r3va4 /r\g.vaˇ/ <r\.gh\.va.ˇ\> masc.

bewilderment.

rcna /r\c.na/ <r\.c\.na> fem. 1.

construction, 2. composition.

rciyta /r\c.ji.ta/ <r\.c\.ji.ta> masc. 1. a

constructor, 2. a composer.

rcvu& /r\c.vu~/ <r\.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

construct, 2. to compose.

rj /r\Ô/ <r\.Ô\> fem. 1. a molecule, 2. a

particle.

rjk8 /r\Ô.k\¯/ <r\.Ô\.k\.¯\> masc. a

particle of dust.

rjko /r\Ô.ko/ <r\.Ô\.ko> masc. a kind of

grass.

rjt /r\.Ô\t/ <r\.Ô\.t\> neut. silver.

rjnI /r\Ô.ni/ <r\.Ô\.nii> fem. night.

rjpUt /r\Ô.put/ <r\.Ô\.pu.t\> masc. a

man belonging to Rajput community.

rja /r\.Ôa/ <r\.Ôa> fem. 1. a holiday, 2. a

leave.

rja: /r\.Ôai/ <r\.Ôa.ii> fem. a quilt.

rjaic5\5I /r\.Ôa.ciˇ˙ˇ˙i/ <r\.Ôa.ci.ˇhˇhii>

fem. a written permission.

r4vu& /r\ˇ.vu~/ <r\.ˇ\vu~> v.tr. to speak the

same thing repeatedly.

r6vu& /r\Î.vu~/ <r\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to

weep.

r6aroX /r\.Îa.roÆ/ <r\.Îa.ro.Î\> fem.

weeping.

ri7yaXu& /r\.Î˙i.ja.Æu~/ <r\.Îhi.ja.Æu~> adj.

fascinating.

r8 /r\¯/ <r\.¯\> neut. a desert.

r8 /r\¯/ <r\.¯\> neut. a battle-field.

r8kvu& /r\.¯\k.vu~/ <r\.¯\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to tinkle.

r8kar /r\¯.kar/ <r\.¯\.ka.r\> masc. a

tinkling sound.

r82o6 /r\¯.c˙oÎ/ masc. Lord Sri

Krishna.

r8z8vu& /r\¯.Ô˙\¯.vu~/ <r\.¯\.Ôh\.¯\.vu~>

v.intr. to tinkle repeatedly.

rtn /r\.t\n/ <r\.t\.n\> neut. the pupil

of the eye.

rtl /r\.t\l/ <r\.t\.l\> masc. a measure

of weight.

rtva /r\t.va/ <r\.t\.va> masc. a kind of

skin disease.

170

rta= /r\.taß/ <r\.ta.ß\> fem. redness.

rtaXu& /r\.ta.Æu~/ <r\.ta.Æu~> neut. yam.

rta&0Xu& /r\.ta~n.d˙\.Æu~/ <r\.ta~.dh\.Æu~>

adj. night-blind.

rTn /r\t.n\/ <r\.tn\> neut. a gem.

r9 /r\t˙/ <r\.th\> masc. a chariot.

r¥I /r\d.di/ <r\.ddii> fem. 1. useless, 2.

scrap papers and etc.

rbarI /r\.ba.ri/ <r\.ba.rii> masc. a

shepherd.

rmk6u& /r\.m\k.Îu~/ <r\.m\.k\.Îu~> neut.

a toy.

rm`a8 /r\m.k˙a¯/ <r\.m\.kha.¯\> neut.

a riot.

rmjan /r\m.Ôan/ <r\.m\.Ôha.n\> masc.

the ninth and the holy month of the Hijri

era.

rmz4 /r\m.Ô˙\ˇ/ <r\.m\.Ôh\.ˇ\> fem. the

climax and the higest tempo of dancing,

singing etc.

rmt /r\.m\t/ <r\.m\.t\> fem. 1. a

game, 2. a play. 3. a sport.

rmityaX /r\.m\.ti.jaÆ/ <r\.m\.ti.ja.Æ\>

adj. 1. playful, 2. joyful.

rmrmvu& /r\m.r\m.vu~/ <r\..m\.r\.m\.vu~>

v.intr. 1. to jingle, 2. to tinkle.

rmvu& /r\m.vu~/ <r\.m\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

play, 2. to sport.

rmUj /r\.muÔ/ <r\.mu.Ô\> fem. 1.

humor, 2. fun.

rvrvvu& /r\v.r\v.vu~/ <r\.v\.r\.v\.vu~>

v.intr. to occur a biting sensation on the

tongue.

rivvar /r\.vi.var/ <r\.vi.va.r\> masc.

Sunday.

rvo /r\.vo/ <r\.vo> masc. granular flour

of wheat.

rs /r\s/ <r\.s\> masc. juice.

rs /r\s/ <r\.s\> masc. interest.

rsaksI /r\.sa.k\.si/ <r\.sa.k\.sii> fem.

an intense contest.

rsadar /r\.sa.dar/ <r\.sa.da.r\> adj.

juicy.

rsay8 /r\.sa.j\¯/ <r\.sa.j\.¯\> neut.

chemical.

risk /r\.sik/ <r\.si.k\> adj. romantic.

rsI /r\.si/ <r\.sii> fem. a vaccine.

rsId /r\.sid/ <r\.sii.d\> fem. a receipt.

rso /r\.so/ <r\.so> masc. thick juice of

cooked vegetables.

rso;yo /r\.so.i.jo/ <r\.so.ii.jo> masc. a

male cook.

rso;8 /r\.so.i.j\¯/ <r\.so.ii.j\.¯\> fem.

a female cook.

171

rso: /r\.so.i/ <r\.so.ii> fem. 1. cooking,

2. cooked food.

rso6u& /r\.so.Îu~/ <r\.so.Îu~> neut. a

kitchen.

rsoXI /r\.so.Æi/ <r\.so.Æii> fem. a bug-

like tumor.

rSto /r\s.to/ <r\.sto> masc. 1. a road, 2.

a cure, 3. a solution.

rSsI /r\s.si/ <r\.ssii> fem. a thick

string.

rhSy /r\.h\s.j\/ <r\.h\.sj\> neut. secret.

rhe5a8 /r\.he.ˇ˙a¯/ <r\.he.ˇha.¯\> neut.

1. a house, 2. an abode, 3. a residence.

rhe8Ikr8I /r\.he.¯i.k\r.¯i/

<r\.he.¯ii.k\.r\.¯ii> fem. 1. life style,

2. manners.

rhevu& /r\.he.vu~/ <r\.he.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

live, 2. to dwell, 3. to reside.

rXvu& /r\Æ.vu~/ <r\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to earn.

riXyam8u& /r\.i.ja.m\.¯u~/

<r\.Æi.ja.m\.¯u~> adj. 1. beautiful, 2.

pleasant.

r&k /r\˜k/ <r\~.k\> adj. poor.

r&g /r\˜g/ <r\~.g\> masc. color.

r&g-Uim /r\˜.g\.b˙u.mi/ <r\~.g\.bhuu.mi>

fem. a theatre.

r&g7&g /r\˜g.Î˙\˜g/ <r\~.g\.Îh\~.g\>

masc. manners.

r&g-ed /r\˜.b˙ed/ <r\~.g\.bhe.d\> masc.

racism.

r&glo /r\˜g.lo/ <r\~.g\.lo> masc. a

clown.

r&gvu& /r\˜g.vu~/ <r\~.g\.vu~> v.tr. to color.

r&gIn /r\˜.gin/ <r\~.gii.n\> adj. colorful.

ra: /ra.i/ <ra.ii> fem. 1. mustard plant,

2. mustard.

raxs /rak.ß\s/ <ra.kß\.s\> masc. 1. a

monster, 2. a demon, 3. a devil.

raxsI /rak.ß\.si/ <ra.kß\.sii> adj. 1.

devilish, 2. monstrous.

ra` /ra.k˙/ <ra.kh\> fem. ashes.

ra`6I /rak˙.Îi/ <ra.kh\.Îii> fem. a

thread that sisters tie on the arm of the

brothers for their protection.

ra`vu& /rak˙.vu~/ <ra.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

keep.

ra`o6Iyu& /ra.k˙o.Îi.ju~/ <ra.kho.Îii.ju~>

adj. grey.

rag /rag/ <ra.g\> masc. tune.

raj /raÔ/ <ra.Ô\> neut. a kingdom.

rajku&vr /raÔ.ku~.v\r/ <ra.Ô\.ku~.v\.r\>

masc. a prince

rajku&vrI /raÔ.ku~v.ri/ <ra.Ô\.ku~.v\.rii>

fem. a princess.

rajkar8 /raÔ.ka.r\¯/ <ra.Ô\.ka.r\.¯\>

neut. politics.

172

rajkIy /raÔ.ki.j\/ <ra.Ô\.kii.j\> adj.

political.

rajkumar /raÔ.ku.mar/ <ra.Ô\.ku.ma.r\>

masc. prince.

rajgadI /raÔ.ga.di/ <ra.Ô\.ga.dii> fem. a

throne.

raj0anI /raÔ.d˙a.ni/ <ra.Ô\.dha.nii> fem.

a state’s capital.

rajnIit /raÔ.ni.ti/ <ra.Ô\.nii.ti> fem.

politics.

rajnEitk /raÔ.n\i.tik/ <ra.Ô\.n\i.ti.k\>

adj. political.

rajrmt /raÔ.r\.m\t/ <ra.Ô\.r\.m\.t\>

fem. diplomacy.

raja /ra.Ôa/ <ra.Ôa> masc. the king.

ra@ /ra.Ôi/ <ra.Ôii> adj. pleased.

rajy /raÔ.j\/ <ra.Ôj\> neut. a state.

rajyai-qek /raÔ.ja.b˙i.ßek/

<ra,Ôja,bhi.s°e.k\> masc. 1.

enthronement, 2. coronation.

ra6 /raÎ/ <ra.Î\> fem. a shout.

ra8I /ra.¯i/ <ra.¯ii> fem. queen.

ra8Ivas /ra.¯i.vas/ <ra.¯ii.va.s\> masc.

a harem.

ra8o /\ra.¯o/ <ra.¯o> masc. a Rajput

king.

rat /rat/ <ra.t\> fem. night.

ratidvs /rat.di:.v\s/ <ra.t\.di.v\.s\>

adj. day and night.

ratpaXI /rat.pa.Æi/ <ra.t\.pa.Æii> fem. a

night-shift.

ratvaso /rat.va.so/ <ra.t\.va.so> masc. a

halt for a night.

ratu& /red/ <ra.tu~> adj. red.

rai{a/rat.ri/ <ra.tri> fem. night.

ranI /ra.ni/ <ra.nii> adj. wild.

raf6o /rap˙.Îo/ <ra.ph\.Îo> masc. 1. an

ant-hill, 2. a serpent’s burrow.

rab /rab/ <ra.b\> fem. gruel.

ram7ol /ram.Î˙ol/ <ra.m\.Îho.l\> masc.

a big drum.

rampatr /ram.pa.t\r/ <ra.m\.pa.t\.r\>

neut. a begging-bowl.

ramfX /ram.p˙\Æ/ <ra.m\.ph\.Æ\> neut.

a kind of fruit.

ramba8 /ram.ba¯/ <ra.m\.ba.¯\> neut.

infallible.

ram-roso /ram.b˙\.ro.so/

<ra.m\.bh\.ro.so> masc. faith in god.

ram-rose /ram.b˙\.ro.se/

<ra.m\.bh\.ro.so> postp. 1. things left

on the faith in god, 2. things left

unattended.

ramrajy /ram.raÔ.j\/ <ra.m\.ra.Ôj\> neut.

an ideal state.

173

ramlIla /ram.li.la/ <ra.m\.lii.la> fem. a

folk drama.

ramI /ra.mi/ <ra.mii> masc. a gardener.

ramo /ra.mo/ <ra.mo> masc. a domestic

servant.

ray8 /ra.j\¯/ <ra.j\.¯\> fem. a tree.

ray8 /ra.j\¯/ <ra.j\.¯\> neut. fruits of

ray8 tree.

rav8h(9o /ra.v\¯.h\t˙.t˙o/

<ra.v\.¯\.h\.ththo> masc. a kind of

musical instrument.

ravi8yo /ra.v\.¯i.jo/ <ra.v\.¯i.jo> masc.

a village-watchman.

raQ4^ /raß.ˇr\/ <ra.s°ˇr\> neut. a nation.

raQ4^Iy /raß.ˇri.j\/ <ra.s°ßˇri.j\> adj.

national.

ras /ras/ <ra.s\> masc. a kind of

collective dance.

rasayi8k /ra.sa.j\.¯ik/ <ra.sa.j\.¯i.k\>

adj. chemical.

raht /ra.h\t/ <ra.h\.t\> fem. relief.

rahdarI /rah.da.ri/ <ra.h\.da.rii> masc.

a traveler on a foot.

rahbr /rah.b\r/ <ra.h\.b\.r\> masc. a

guide.

rahu /ra.hu/ <ra.huu> masc. a planet of

that name.

ra&0vu& /ra~d˙.vu~/ <ra~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. to

cook.

irbavvu& /ri.bav.vu~/ <ri.ba.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to persecute, 2. to tyrannize.

irvaj /ri.vaÔ/ <ri.va.Ô\> masc. a custom.

irsavu& /ri:sa.vu~/ <ri.sa.vu~> v.intr. to be

displeased.

rIzvvu& /ri.Ô˙\v.vu~/ <rii.Ôh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to please.

rI7u& /ri.Î˙u~/ <rii.Îhu~> adj. seasoned.

rIt /rit/ <rii.t\> fem. 1. method, 2.

style.

rIt-at /rit.b˙at/ <rii.t\.bha.t\> masc. pl.

manners.

rItirvaj /rit.ri.vaÔ/ <rii.t\.ri.va.Ô\>

masc. pl. customs.

rI&g8 /ri˜.g\¯/ <rii~.g\.¯\> neut. an

eggplant.

rI&2 /ri~c˙/ <rii~.ch\> neut. a bear.

ruAab /ru.ab/ <ru.a.b\> masc. 1. pomp,

2. grandeur.

rucvu& /ruc.vu~/ <ru.c\.vu~> exp. to like.

ruic /ru.ci/ <ru.ci> fem. liking.

ruickr /ru.ci.k\r/ <ru.ci.k\.r\> adj. 1.

tasteful, 2. likable.

rudn /ru.d\n/ <ru.d\.n\> neut.

weeping.

174

rui0r /ru.d˙ir/ <ru.dhi.r\> neut. blood.

£ /ru/ <ruu> neut. cotton.

£zvu& /ruÔ˙.vu~/ <ruu.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to

be healed.

£5vu& /ruˇ˙.vu~/ <ruu.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. to be

enraged because of displeasure.

£6u& /ru.Îu~/ <ruu.Îu~> adj. graceful.

£7 /ruÎ˙/ <ruu.Îh\> adj. traditionally

established.

£i7 /ru.Î˙i/ <ruu.Îhi> fem. a custom.

£p /rup/ <ruu.p\> neut. 1. appearance,

2. form.

£pk /ru.p\k/ <ruu.p\.k\> neut. a

metaphor.

£pre`a /rup.re.k˙a/ <ruu.p\.re.kha>

fem. an outline.

£paXu& /ru.pa.Æu~/ <ruu.pa.Æu~> adj.

beautiful.

£pa&tr /ru.pa~n.t\r/ <ruu.pa~.t\.r\> neut.

transformation.

£ipyo /ru.pi.jo/ <ruu.pi.jo> masc.

India’s currency.

£p&u /ru.pu~/ <ruu.pu~> neut. silver.

£b£ /rub.ru/ <ruu.b\.ruu> advb. in the

presence of.

£mzUm /rum.Ô˙um/ <ruu.m\.Ôhuu.m\>

advb. with the sounds of jingling

anklets.

£mal /ru.mal/ <ruu.ma.l\> masc. 1.

towel, 2. handkerchief.

£&0vu& /ru~d˙.vu~/ <ruu~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

restrict 2. to stop.

re`a /re.k˙a/ <re.kha> fem. a line.

re`a&= /re.ka~mß/ <re.kha~.ß\> masc. a

longitude.

rec /rec/ <re.c\> masc. a purgative.

re6 /reÎ/ <re.Î\> fem. a raid.

re6vu& /reÎ.vu~/ <re.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to pour.

rei7yaX /re.Î˙i.jaÆ/ <re.Îhi.ja.Æ\> adj. 1.

stray, 2. ownerless and wandering.

re7u& /re.Î˙u~/ <re.Îhu~> adj. uncared for

by any one.

re8 /re¯/ <re.¯\> neut. a substance for

soldering metals.

retI /re.ti/ <re.tii> fem. sand.

rebzeb /reb.Ô˙eb/ <re.b\.Ôhe.b\> adj.

wet with perspiration.

rel /rel/ <re.l\> fem. flood.

relm2el /re.l\m.c˙el/ <re.l\.m\.che.l\>

fem. an overflow.

relavu& /re.la.vu~/ <re.la.vu~> v.intr. to

spread like a stream.

relo /re.lo/ <re.lo> masc. a small thin

flow.

re=m /re.ß\m/ <re.ßh\.m\> neut. silken.

175

resadar /re.sa.dar/ <re.sa.da.r\> adj.

fibrous.

reso /re.so/ <re.so> masc. fiber.

re&kvu& /r´~k.vu~/ <re~.k\.vu~> v.intr. to

bellow (of cow, buffalo).

rok6 /ro.k\Î/ <ro.k\.Î\> fem. cash.

rok6Iyu& /ro.k\.Îi.ju~/ <ro.k\.Îii.ju~> adj.

dealing in cash.

rokvu& /rok.vu~/ <ro.k\> v.tr. to stop.

roka8 /ro.ka¯/ <ro.ka.¯\> neut. delay.

rog /rog/ <ro.g\> masc. disease.

roigyu& /ro.gi.ju~/ <ro.gi.ju~> adj. sick.

roj /roÔ/ <ro.Ô\> masc. 1. a day, 2. a

date.

roj /roÔ/ <ro.Ô\> masc. a daily wage.

rojnI=I /roÔ.ni.ßi/ <ro.Ô\.nii.ßii> fem. a

diary.

rojbroj /roÔ.b\.roÔ/ <ro.Ô\.b\.ro.Ô\>

advb. everyday.

ro@ /ro.Ôi/ <ro.Ôii> fem. maintenance.

rojo /ro.Ôo/ <ro.Ôo> masc. a fast-day for

Muslim.

ro4lI /roˇ.li/ <ro.ˇ\.lii> fem. a thin, soft

circular bread of wheat flour.

rotl /ro.t\l/ <ro.t\.l\> adj. apt to weep

over trifles.

ronk /ro.n\k/ <ro.n\.k\> fem. beauty.

ropvu& /rop.vu~/ <ro.p\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

plant, 2. to sow.

roma&c /ro.ma~µc/ <ro.ma~.c\> masc. a

thrill.

rovu& /ro.vu~/ <ro.vu~> v.intr. to cry.

ro=nI /roß.ni/ <ro.Ô\.nii> fem.

illumination.

roq /roß/ <ro.s°\> masc. 1. anger, 2.

wrath.

rO± /r\u.dr\/ <r\u.dr\> adj. 1. terrible,

2. horrible.

lkvo /l\k.vo/ <l\.k\.vo> masc.

paralysis.

lx8 /l\k.ß\¯/ <l\.kß\.¯\> neut. 1. a

sign, 2. a symptom, 3. quality.

låmI /l\k.ßmi/ <l\.kß\.mii> fem. the

wide of lord Vishnu and the goddess of

wealth.

l`pit /l\k˙.p\.ti/ <l\.kh\.p\.ti> masc.

a millionaire.

l`lU4 /l\k˙.luˇ/ <l\.kh\.luu.ˇ\> adj.

abundant.

l`vu& /l\k˙.vu~/ <l\.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

write.

176

l`a8 /l\.k˙a¯/ <l\.kha.¯\> neut.

written material.

l`av4 /l\.k˙a.v\ˇ/ <l\.kha.v\.ˇ\> fem.

writing.

l`o4I /l\.k˙o.ˇi/ <l\.kho.ˇii> fem. a

marble.

lg6I /l\g.Îi/ <l\.g\.Îii> fem. a bar of

gold.

lgn /l\.g\n/ <l\.g\.n\> neut. marriage.

lg-g /l\g.b˙\g/ <l\.g\.bh\.g\> advb.

approximately.

lgatar /l\.ga.tar/ <l\.ga.ta.r\> advb.

nonstop.

lgam /l\.gam/ <l\.ga.m\> fem. 1. the

bit of bridle, 2. control.

lgavvu& /l\.gav.vu~/ <l\.ga.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to smear with, 2. to join.

lgI /l\.gi/ <l\.gii> advb. 1. till, 2. up to.

lgolg /l\.go.l\g/ <l\.go.l\.g\> postp.

very near.

lGn /l\g.n\/ <l\.gn\> neut. marriage.

l3rv3r /l\.g˙\r.v\.g˙\r/

<l\.g\.r\.v\.g\.r\> adj. tattered.

l3u /l\.g˙u/ <l\.ghu> adj. small.

l3utm /l\.g˙u.t\m/ <l\.ghu.t\.m\> adj.

minimum.

l3umtI /l\.g˙u.m\.ti/ <l\.ghu.m\.tii>

fem. minority.

lckvu& /l\.c\k.vu~/ <l\.c\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to bend down because of burden.

lcko /l\c.ko/ <l\.c\.ko> masc. a lump

of a viscous substance.

lcpc /l\c.p\c/ <l\.c\.p\.c\> adj.

viscous and doughy.

ljam8I /l\.Ôam.¯i/ <l\.Ôa.m\.¯ii> fem. a

kind of plant whose leaves contract

when we touch.

ljavvu& /l\.Ôav.vu~/ <l\.Ôa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

disgrace.

ljja /l\Ô.Ôa/ <l\.ÔÔa> fem. modesty.

l4 /l\ˇ/ <l\.ˇ\> fem. a thin string of

hair.

l4kvu& /l\.ˇ\k.vu~/ v.intr. to hang.

l4kaXu& /l\ˇ.ka.Æu~/ <l\.ˇ\.ka.Æu~> adj. apt

to walk.

l4ku& /l\ˇ.ku~/ <l\.ˇ\.ku~> neut. a graceful

expression or physical attitude.

l6t /l\.Î\t/ <l\.Î\.t\> fem. a fight.

l6vu& /l\Î.vu~/ <l\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

fight, 2. to quarrel.

l6a: /l\.Îai/ <l\.Îa.ii> fem. a battle.

l6ayk /l\.Îa.j\k/ <l\.Îa.j\.k\> adj. 1.

warlike, 2. inclined to fight.

l78 /l\.Î˙\¯/ <l\.Îh\.¯\> fem.

manner.

177

l8vu& /l\¯.vu~/ <l\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

reap, 2. to harvest.

lt /l\t/ <l\.t\> fem. habit.

l]ao /l\t.to/ <l\.tto> masc. 1. a locality,

2. a street.

l96vu& /l\.t˙\Î.vu~/ <l\.th\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to stumble, 2. to deteriorate.

l96Iyu& /l\.t˙\.Îi.ju~/ <l\.ˇh\.Îii.ju~> neut.

stumbling.

lpkvu& /l\.p\k.vu~/ <l\.p\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to be scorched.

lpkaro /l\p.ka.ro/ <l\.p\.ka.ro> masc.

repeated scorching or stinging pain.

lp2p /l\p.c˙\p/ <l\.p\.ch\.p\> fem.

underhand maneuvering.

lp4 /l\.p\ˇ/ <l\.p\.ˇ\> fem. . a swoop,

2. a pouncing upon.

lp4vu& /l\.p\ˇ.vu~/ <l\.p\.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to

trap someone.

lp6ak /l\p.Îak/ <l\.p\.Îa.k\> fem. a

slap.

lplp /l\p.l\p/ <l\.p\.l\.p\> fem.

prattle.

lpvu& /l\p.vu~/ <l\.p\.vu~> v.intr. to hide.

lpsvu& /l\.p\s.vu~/ <l\.p\.s\.vu~> v.intr.

to slip.

lps8u& /l\.p\s.vu~/ <l\.p\.s\.vu~> adj.

slippery.

lpavu& /l\.pa.vu~/ <l\.pa.vu~> v.intr. to

hide oneself.

lpe4vu& /l\.peˇ.vu~/ <l\.pe.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to wrap, 2. to involve someone.

lpe6vu& /l\.peÎ.vu~/ <l\.pe.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

besmear thickly.

lpe6o /l\.pe.Îo/ <l\.pe.Îo> masc. a

thick layer.

lPp6 /l\p.p\Î/ <l\.pp\.Î\> fem. a slap.

lPpn2Ppn /l\p.p\n.c˙\p.p\n/

<l\.pp\.n\.ch\.pp\.n\> fem. useless

worry or discussion.

lf6ff6 /l\.p˙\Î.p˙\.p˙\Î/

<l\.ph\.Î\.ph\.ph\.Î\> advb. with

disorderly clothing.

lfru& /l\p˙.ru~/ <l\.ph\.ru~> neut. a lump

of the nose-mucus.

lb6vu& /l\.b\Î.vu~/ <l\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

to hand.

lbaco /l\.ba.co/ <l\.ba.co> masc. a

disorderly collection of cloths, broken

things and etc.

lba6 /l\.baÎ/ <l\.ba.Î\> adj. roguish.

lm8azI&k /l\m.¯a.Ô˙i~k/ <l\.m\.¯a.Ôhi.k\>

fem. a tedious and useless discussion.

lm8u& /l\m.¯u~/ <l\.m\.¯u~> neut. the

temple.

ly /l\j/ <l\.j\> masc. rhythm.

178

llkar /l\l.kar/ <l\.l\.ka.r\> masc. a

loud singing or utterance.

llkarvu& /l\l.kar.vu~/ <l\.l\.ka.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to sing in a lingering tune, 2. to

challenge someone.

llcavu& /l\l.ca.vu~/ <l\.l\.ca.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to be enticed.

llna /l\l.na/ <l\.l\.na> fem. a beautiful

woman.

lvro /l\v.ro/ <l\.v\.ro> masc. a bruise

caused by the nail etc.

lvvu& /l\v.vu~/ <l\.v\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

prate, 2. to chatter.

lvajm /l\.va.Ô\m/ <l\.va.Ô\.m\> neut. a

periodic subscription.

lvadI /l\.va.di/ <l\.va.dii> fem.

pertaining to arbitration.

lvaru& /l\.va.ru~/ <l\.va.ru~> neut. 1. a kid

(of goat) 2. a lamb.

lvaro /l\.va.ro/ <l\.va.ro> masc. prattle.

liv&g /l\.vi˜g/ <l\.vi~.g\> neut. a clove.

liv&igyu& /l\.vi˜.gi.ju~/ <l\.vi~.gi.ju~> adj. as

big as or shaped like a clove.

l+kr /l\ß.k\r/ <l\.ßk\.r\> neut. army.

ls8 /l\.s\¯/ <l\.s\.¯\> neut. garlic.

lsrko /l\.s\r.ko/ <l\.s\.r\.ko> masc. a

scratch.

lso4vu& /l\.soˇ.vu~/ <l\.so.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to

mash.

lha8I /l\.ha.¯i/ <l\.ha.¯ii> fem. gift

distributing among the relatives.

lhavo /l\.ha.vo/ <l\.ha.vo> masc. a

chance.

lihyo /l\.hi.jo/ <l\.hi.jo> masc. a scribe.

lher /l\.her/ <l\.he.r\> fem. a wave.

lherI /l\.he.ri/ <l\.he.rii> adj. joyful.

lXvu& /l\Æ.vu~/ <l\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to bend

down.

l&g6u& /l\˜g.Îu~/ <l\~.g\.Îu~> adj. 1. lame,

2. cripple.

l&g6o /l\˜g.Îo/ <l\~.g\.Îo> masc. a type

of a mango.

l&gr /l\˜.g\r/ <l\~.g\.r\> neut. an

anchor.

l&gUr /l\˜.gur/ <l\~.guu.r\> masc. a

monkey.

l&go4Iyu& /l\˜.go.ˇi.jo/ <l\~.go.ˇi.ju~> masc.

childhood (friend).

l&p4 /l\m.p\ˇ/ <l\~.p\.ˇ\> adj.

adulterous.

l&bcors /l\mb.co.r\s/ <l\~.b\.co.r\.s\>

adj. rectangular.

l&bodr /l\m.bo.d\r/ <l\~.bo.d\.r\> adj.

pot-bellied.

lak6I /lak.Îi/ <la.k\.Îii> fem. a stick.

179

lak6u& /lak.Îu~/ <la.k\.Îu~> neut. 1. wood,

2. timber.

laxi8k /lak.ß\.nik/ <la.kß\.¯i.k\> adj.

1. peculiar, 2. typical.

la` /lak˙/ <la.kh\> fem. sealing-wax.

la` /lak˙/ <la.kh\> adj. one hundred

thousand.

la`u& /la.k˙u~/ <la.khu~> neut. a birth-

mark.

lag /lag/ <la.g\> masc. 1. a support, 2.

an opportunity.

lag8I /lag.¯i/ <la.g\.¯ii> fem.

sentiment.

lagt /la.g\t/ <la.g\.t\> fem. local

taxes.

lagvg /lag.v\g/ <la.g\.v\.g\> fem.

influence (for getting gain illegally).

lagvu& /lag.vu~/ <la.g\.vu~> v.exp. to feel.

lagvu& /lag.vu~/ <la.g\.vu~> v.intr. to

kindle.

lacar /la.car/ <la.ca.r\> adj. helpless.

laj /laÔ/ <la.Ô\> fem. 1. credit, 2.

reputation.

la4I /ma.ˇi/ <la.ˇii> fem. timber-market.

la5I /la.ˇ˙i/ <la.ˇhii> fem. a thick stick.

la6 /laÎ/ <la.Î\> masc. pl. endearment.

la6kvayu& /la.Î\k.va.ju~/ <la.Î\.k\.va.ju~>

adj. beloved (child).

la6vo /laÎ.vo/ <la.Î\.vo> masc. a kind

of sweet.

la6u /la.Îu~/ <la.Îu> masc. a kind of

sweet.

lat /lat/ <la.t\> fem. a kick.

lad /lad/ <la.d\> fem. excretion of

some quadrupeds such as horse.

ladvu& /lad.vu~/ <la.d\.vu~> v.tr. to load.

ladI /la.di/ <la.dii> fem. flooring tile.

la0vu& /lad˙.vu~/ <la.dh\.vu~> v.exp. 1. to

find, 2. to get.

lap4 /la.p\ˇ/ <la.p\.ˇ\> fem. a slap.

laprva /la.p\r.va/ <la.p\.r\.va> adj.

careless.

lap=I /lap.ßi/ <la.p\.ßii> fem. a sweet of

that name.

lafo /la.p˙o/ <la.pho> masc. a slept.

la- /lab˙/ <la.bh\> masc. 1. advantage,

2. benefit.

layk /la.j\k/ <la.j\.k\> adj. suitable.

lal /lal/ <la.l\> adj. red.

lalc /la.l\c/ <la.l\.c\> fem. greed.

lalcu& /lal.cu~/ <la.l\.cu~> adj. greedy.

180

lalsa /lal.sa/ <la.l\.sa> fem. intense

desire.

lala= /la.laß/ <la.la.ß\> fem. redness.

lailma /la.li.ma/ <la.li.ma> fem.

redness.

lalI /la.li/ <la.lii> fem. redness.

lavrI /lav.ri/ <la.v\.rii> fem. a kind of

bird.

lavvu& /lav.vu~/ <la.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

bring, 2. to fetch, 3. to buy.

la= /laß/ <la.ß\> fem. a corpse.

laX /laÆ/ <la.Æ\> fem. 1. saliva, 2.

spittle.

laXo /la.Æo/ <la.Æo> masc. a burning

coal.

la&38 /la~˜.g\¯/ <la~.g\.¯\> fem. fasting.

la&c /la~c/ <la~.c\> fem. a bribe.

la&bu& /la~.bu~/ <la~.bu~> adj. long.

ili`t /li.k˙it/ <li.khi.t\> adj. written.

iljjt /liÔ.Ô\t/ <li.ÔÔ\.t\> fem. keen joy.

ilip /li.pi/ <li.pi> fem. script.

illam /li.lam/ <li.la.m\> neut. auction.

ilso4o /li.so.ˇo/ <li.so.ˇo> masc. 1. a thin

line 2. a bruise.

il&g /li˜.g\/ <li~.g\> neut. 1. a sign, 2.

the idol of Lord Shiva, 3. the generative

organ of the male.

il&bu /lim.bu~/ <li~.bu~> neut. a lemon.

il&bu6I /lim.bu.Îi/ <li~.bu.Îii> fem. a

lemon-tree.

il&boXI /lim.bo.Æi/ <li~.bo.Æii> fem. the

fruit of a neem tree.

lI` /lik˙/ <lii.kh\> fem. 1. an egg of a

louse, 2. a nit.

lIcI /li.ci/ <lii.cii> fem. a kind of fruit-

tree or its fruit.

lI4I /li.ˇi/ <lii.ˇii> fem. a line.

lIm6I /lim.Îi/ <lii.m\.Îii> fem. a kind

of neem tree.

lIm6o /lim.Îo/ <lii.m\.Îo> masc. a

neem tree.

lIlm /li.l\m/ <lii.l\.m\> neut. emerald.

lIla /li.la/ <lii.la> fem. play.

lIlalher /li.la.l\.her/ <lii.la.l\.he.r\>

fem. complete happiness.

lIla= /li.laß/ <lii.la.ß\> fem. greenness.

lIlu& /li.lu~/ <lii.lu~> neut. green.

lIsu& /li.su~/ <lii.su~> adj. smooth.

lI&4 /li~ˇ/ <lii~.ˇ\> neut. nasal mucus.

lI&6I& /li~¯.Îi/ <lii~.Îii> fem. excrement of

goat etc.

181

lI&p8 /li~.p\¯/ <lii~.p\.¯\> neut. daubing

with cow-dung, clay etc.

lI&pvu& /li~p.vu~/ <lii~.p\.vu~> v.tr. to daub

with cow-dung, clay etc.

luCca: /luc.cai/ <lu.cca.ii> fem.

cunningness.

luCcu& /luc.cu~/ <lu.ccu~> adj. cunning.

lu2i8yu& /lu.c˙\.¯i.ju~/ <lu.ch\.¯i.ju~> neut.

jute cloth for wiping.

lu4aru /lu.ˇa.ru/ <lu.ˇa.ru> masc. a

robber.

luhar /lu.har/ <lu.ha.r\> masc. a

blacksmith.

lu&gI /lu˜.gi/ <luu~.gii> fem. a cylindrical

garment worn round the waist and

covering the legs.

lU /lu/ <luu> fem. sunstroke.

lU`s /lu.k˙\s/ <luu.kh\.s\> fem. a kind

of skin-disease.

lU`u& /lu.k˙u~/ <luu.khu~> adj. dry

(without oil, ghee etc.).

lug6a&l]aa& /lug.Îa~.l\t.ta~/

<luu.g\.Îa~.l\.tta~> neut. pl. clothes and

similar other things.

lUg6u& /lug.Îu~/ <luu.g\.Îu~> neut. 1. a

garment, 2. a sari, 3. an article of dress.

lU2vu& /luc˙.vu~/ <lu.ch\.vu~> v.tr. to

wipe.

lU4 /luˇ/ <luu.ˇ\> fem. robbing.

lU4vu& /luˇ.vu~/ <luu.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to rob.

lU8 /lu¯/ <luu.¯\> neut. salt.

lU8o /lu.¯o/ <luu.¯o> masc. the effects

of combination with salt.

lUm /lum/ <luu.m\> fem. a bunch.

lUlI /lu.li/ <luu.lii> fem. the tongue

(derogatory).

lUlu& /lu.lu~/ <lu.lu~> adj. lame.

le` /lek˙/ <le.kh\> masc. 1. an article,

2. a writing.

le`k /le.k˙\k/ <le.kh\.k\> masc. a

writer (male)

le`n /le.k˙\n/ <le.kh\.n\> neut.

writing.

le`u& /le.k˙u~/ <le.khu~> neut. account.

le`e /le.k˙e/ <le.khe> advb. at the rate.

le8dar /l´¯.dar/ <le.¯\.da.r\> adj. a

creditor.

le8de8 /le¯.de¯/ <le.¯\.de.¯\> fem.

relation of financial transaction.

lep /lep/ <le.p\> masc. coating.

lepvu& /lep.vu~/ <le.p\.vu~> v.tr. to coat.

lebas /le.bas/ <le.ba.s\> masc.

costume.

182

le-agu /le.b˙a.gu/ <le.bha.gu~> adj.

unreliable (person).

levadeva /le.va.de.va/ <le.va.de.va> fem.

1. relation, 2. concern.

levu& /le.vu~/ <le.vu~> v.tr. 1. to take, 2. to

purchase, 3. to accept.

lok /lok/ <lo.k\> masc. 1. people, 2. a

mythological region of the universe.

lokk9a /lok.k\.t˙a/ <lo.k\.k\.tha> fem.

a folktale.

lokgIt /lok.git/ <lo.k\.gii.t\> neut. a

folksong.

lokccaR /lok.c\r.ca/ <lo.k\.c\.rca> fem.

popular talk.

lok@vn /lok.Ôi.v\n/ <lo.k\.Ôii.v\.n\>

neut. social life.

lokip/y /lok.pri.j\/ <lo.k\.pri.j\> adj.

popular.

lok-oGy /lok.b˙og.j\/ <lo.k\.bho.gj\>

adj. capable of being understood by the

masses.

lokmt /lok.m\t/ <lo.k\.m\.t\> masc.

public opinion.

lok=ahI /lok.ßa.hi/ <lo.k\.ßa.hii> fem.

democracy.

lokiht /lok.hit/ <l> neut. public welfare.

lokacar /lo.ka.car/ <lo.ka.ca.r\> masc.

social customs.

lokoikt /lo.kok.ti/<lo.ko.kti> fem. a

proverb.

loko]ar /lo.kot.t\r/ <lo.ko.tt\.r\> adj.

super-human.

lo`&6 /lo.k˙\¯Î/ <lo.kh\~.Î\> neut. iron.

locn /lo.c\n/ <lo.c\.n\> neut. the eye

(poetic).

loco /lo.co/ <lo.co> masc. a lump.

lo4 /loˇ/ <lo.ˇ\> masc. 1. flour, 2. fine

powder.

lo4vu& /loˇ.vu~/ <lo.ˇ\.vu~> v.intr. to roll

on around.

lo7I /lo.Î˙i/ <lo.Îhii> fem. an iron pan.

lo7u& /lo.Î˙u~/ <lo.Îhu~> neut. iron.

lop /lop/ <lo.p\> masc. 1. merger, 2.

assimilation.

lopvu& /lop.vu~/ <lo.p\.vu~> v.intr. to

hide.

lofr /lo.p˙\r/ <lo.ph\.r\> adj. a

vagabond.

lo- /lob˙/ <lo.bh\> masc. greed.

lo-am8u& /lo.b˙am.¯u~/ <lo.bha.m\.¯u~>

adj. enticing.

lo-I /lo.b˙i/ <lo.bhii> adj. greedy.

lohcu&bk /loh.cum.b\k/ <lo.h\.cu~.b\.k\>

neut. a magnet.

lohIyaX /lo.hi.jaÆ/ <lo.hii.ja.Æ\> adj. 1.

bloody, 2. violent, 3. stained with blood.

lohI /lo.hi/ <lo.hii> neut. blood.

183

lohIwkaXo /lo.hi.u.ka.Æo/ <lo.hii.u.ka.Æo>

masc. quarrel.

lohIluha8 /lo.hi.lu.ha¯/ <lo.hii.lulha.¯\>

adj. bleeding heavily.

lohIva /lo.hi.va/ <lo.hii.va> masc. a

kind of disease related to blood.

loiXyu& /lo.Æi.ju~/ <lo.Æi.ju~> neut. ear-

ornament for women.

lo&do /lø~.do/ <lo~.do> masc. a lump of

sticky.

lOikk/l\u.kik/ <l\u.ki.k\> adj. worldly.

vkrvu& /v\.k\r.vu~/ <v\.k\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to deteriorate 2. to worsen.

vkro /v\k.ro/ <v\.k\.ro> masc. sale.

vkIl /v\.kil/ <v\.kii.l\> masc. a

lawyer.

vkIlatnamu& /v\.ki.lat.na.mu~/

<v\.kii.la.t\.na.mu~> neut. power of

attorney.

vktVy /v\k.t\v.j\/ <v\.kt\.vj\> neut. a

speech.

vkta /v\k.ta/ <v\.kta> masc. a speaker.

v`t /v\.k˙\t/ <v\.kh\.t\> masc. time.

v`tov`t /v\.k˙\.to.v\.k˙\t/

<v\.kh\.to.v\.kh\.t\> advb. 1. often,

2. frequently.

v`a8 /v\.k˙a¯/ <v\.kha.¯\> masc.

praise.

v`a8vu& /v\.k˙a¯.vu~/ <v\.kha.¯\.vu~>

v.tr. to praise.

v`ar /v\.k˙ar/ <v\.kha.r\> fem. a store

house.

v`o6vu& /v\.k˙oÎ.vu~/ <v\.kho.Î\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to find faults, 2. to criticize.

vg6aw /v\g.Îau/ <v\.g\.Îa.u~> adj.

pertaining to wood.

vg6o /v\g.Îo/ <v\.g\/Îo> masc.

barren region.

vgr /v\.g\r/ <v\.g\.r\> postp. without.

vga6vu& /v\.gaÎ.vu~/ <v\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to cause to sound (of musical

instrument).

vga6vu& /v\.gaÎ.vu~/ <v\.ga.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to harm, 2. to injure.

vgere /v\.ge.re/ <v\.ge.re> advb. et

cetera.

vgo /v\.go/ <v\.go> masc. a locality.

vgovvu& /v\.gov.vu~/ <v\.go.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to defame.

v3ar /v\.g˙ar/ <v\.gha.r\> masc. the

act of sizzling a liquid dish with boiled

mixture of ghee or oil and spices.

v3arvu& /v\.g˙ar.vu~/ <v\.gha.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to sizzle a liquid dish with boiled ghee or

oil and spices.

184

vcgaXo /vc.ga.Æo/ <v\.c\.ga.Æo> masc.

in middle part of time.

vcn /v\.c\n/ <v\.c\.n\> neut.

promise.

vcn /v\.c\n/ <v\.c\.n\> neut. number

(grammatical).

vclu& /v\c.lu~/ <v\.c\.lu~> adj. 1. middle,

2. intermediate.

vCce /v\c.ce/ <v\.cce> postp. in the

middle.

v2U4vu& /v\.c˙uˇ.vu~/ <va.chu.ˇ\.vu~>

v.intr. to go off suddenly.

v2eru& /v\.c˙e.ru~/ <va.che.ru~> neut. a

colt.

v2erI /v\.c˙e.ri/ <v\.che.rii> fem. a filly.

v2o6vu& /v\.c˙oÎ.vu~/ <v\.cho.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to separate.

vjn /v\.Ô\n/ <v\.Ô\.n\> neut. 1.

weight, 2. burden.

v4 /v\ˇ/ <v\.ˇ\> masc. reputation.

v4lavu& /v\ˇ.la.vu~/ <v\.ˇ\.la.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to become a religious/ caste convert, 2.

to be polluted because of food, drinks

etc.

v4hukm /v\ˇ.hu.k\m/ <v\.ˇ\.hu.k\.m\>

masc. an ordinance.

v4a8a /v\.ˇa.¯a/ <v\.ˇa.¯a> masc. a

kind of beans.

v4av /v\.ˇav/ <v\.ˇa.v\> masc.

discount.

v4avvu& /v\.ˇav.vu~/ <v\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to exchange a big coin/ bill for smaller

ones, 2. to encash a draft, note or checks

etc.

v4avvu& /v\.ˇav.vu~/ <v\.ˇa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

pass by or cross safely.

v4emaguR /v\.ˇe.mar.gu/ <v\.ˇe.ma.rgu>

masc. a traveler.

v6 /v\Î/ <v\Î> masc. a banyan tree.

v6vo /v\Î.vo/ <v\.Î\.vo> masc. an

ancestor.

v6ssro /v\Î.s\s.ro/ <v\.Î\.s\.s\.ro>

masc. father of a father-in-law.

v6sasu /v\Î.sa.su~/ <v\.Î\.sa.su> fem.

mother of a father-in-law.

v6Il /v\.Îil/ <v\.Îii.l\> adj. elder

person in a family.

v6IlopaijRt /v\.Îi.lo.par.Ôit/

<v\.Îi.lo.pa.rÔi.t\> adj. acquired or

erned by ancestors.

v6e /v\.Îe/ <v\.Îe> postp. 1. by, 2.

with.

v7vu& /v\Î˙.vu~/ <v\.Îh\.vu~> v.intr. to

quarrel.

v8kr /v\¯.k\r/ <v\.¯\.k\.r\> masc. a

weaver.

v8jar /v\¯.Ôar/ <v\.¯\.Ôha.r\> fem. a

craven.

v8vu& /v\¯.vu~/ <v\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

weave, 2. to intertwine and make, 3. to

roll bread, 4. to pick or gather crops.

185

v8svu& /v\.¯\s.vu~/ <v\.¯\.s\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to worsen, 2. to deteriorate.

v8a4 /v\.¯aˇ/ <v\.¯a.ˇ\> masc. texture.

vtn /v\.t\n/ <v\.t\.n\> neut. native

place.

vtnI /v\t.ni/ <v\.t\.ni> adj. a native.

vtI /v\.ti/ <v\.tii> postp. on behalf of.

vd /v\d/ <v\.d\> fem. the dark half of a

lunar month.

vdn /v\.d\n/ <v\.d\.n\> neut. the face

(poetic).

v¥I /v\d.di/ <v\.ddii> fem. reminder

(in mathematics).

v0 /v\d˙/ <v\.dh\> masc. a slaughter.

v0vu& /v\d˙.vu~/ <v\.dh\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

grow, 2. to increase.

v0vu& /v\d˙.vu~/ <v\.dh\.vu~> v.intr. to

remain as a residue.

v0a: /v\.d˙a.i/ <v\.dha.ii> fem. good

news.

v0am8u& /v\.d˙am.¯u~/ <v\.dha,m\.¯u~>

neut. a ceremonial worship of goddess

on an auspicious event.

v0arvu& /v\.d˙ar.vu~/ <v\.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to increase.

v0arvu& /v\.d˙ar.vu~/ <v\.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to save.

v0are /v\.d˙a.re/ <v\.dha.re> adj. 1.

more, 2. additional.

v0avvu& /v\.d˙av.vu~/ <v\.dha.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to welcome gladly.

v0u /v\.d˙u/ <v\.dhu> adj. more.

v0U /v\.d˙u/ <v\.dhuu> fem. a wife.

v0ervu& /v\.d˙er.vu~/ <v\.dhe.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to offer as a sacrifice.

vn /v\n/ <v\.n\> neut. forest.

vnraj /v\n.raÔ/ <v\.n\.ra.Ô\> masc. the

king of the forest- lion.

vnSpit /v\.n\s.p\.ti/ <v\.n\.sp\.ti>

fem. 1. trees, plants, etc. 2. vegetation.

vpra= /v\p.raß/ <v\.p\.ra.ß\> masc. 1.

use, 2. consumption.

vfadar /v\.p˙a.dar/ <v\.pha.da.r\> adj.

faithful.

vmn /v\.m\n/ <v\.m\.n\> neut.

vomiting.

vmX /v\.m\Æ/ <v\.m\.Æ\> masc.

whirlpool.

vy /v\j/ <v\.j\> fem. age.

vyov<)0 /v\.jo.vrud˙.d˙\/

<v\.jo.vr≤u.dhdh\> adj. 1. old, 2.

elderly.

vr /v\r/ <v\.r\> masc. a bridegroom.

vr` /v\.r\k˙/ <v\.r\.kh\> masc. a very

thin layer of gold or sliver.

186

vr3o6Iya& /v\r.g˙o.Îi.ja~/

<v\.r\.gho.Îii.ja~> neut. pl. people

accompanying a marriage procession.

vr3o6o /masc./ <v\.r\.gho.Îo> masc. a

marriage procession.

vr8 /v\.r\¯/ <v\.r\.¯\> fem. 1. a caste,

2. a social class.

vr8aigyu& /v\r.¯a.gi.ju~/ <v\.r\.¯a.gi.ju~>

adj. 1. foppish, 2. vainly showy.

vr8I /v\r.¯i/ <v\.r\.¯ii> fem. selection.

vrtvu& /v\.r\t.vu~/ <v\.r\.t\.vu~> v.intr.

to behave.

vrtaro /v\r.ta.ro/ <v\.r\.ta.ro> masc. 1.

a prediction, 2. a forcast.

vrdan /v\r.dan/ <v\.r\.da.n\> neut.

blessing from a god, a saint etc.

vrmaXa /v\r.ma.Æa/ <v\.r\.ma.Æa> fem.

the garland that bride puts round the

neck of the bridegroom.

vrraja /v\r.ra.Ôa/ <v\.r\.ra.Ôa> masc. a

bridegroom.

vrvu& /v\r.vu~/ <v\.r\.vu~> adj. 1. ugly, 2.

misshaped, 3. wicked.

vrsI /v\r.si/ <v\.r\.sii> fem. ceremony

performed on the first anniversary of

someone’s death.

vrs /v\.r\s/ <v\.r\.s\> neut. year.

vrsad /v\r.sad/ <v\.r\.sa.d\> masc.

rain.

vraX /v\.raÆ/ <v\.ra.Æ\> fem. 1. steam,

2. vapor.

viryaXI /v\.ri.ja.Æi/ <v\.ri.ja.Æii> fem.

fennel seed.

virQ5 /v\.riß.ˇ˙\/ <v\.ri.s°ˇh\> adj. chief.

vru /v\.ru/ <v\.ru> neut. a wolf.

vre6u& /v\.re.Îu~/ <v\.re.Îu~> neut. a rope.

vro /v\.ro/ <v\.ro> masc. a caste

dinner.

vgR /v\r.g\/ <v\.rg\> masc. a class.

vgRivg/h /v\rg.vig.r\h/

<v\.rg\.vi.gr\.h\> masc. a class-war.

vcRs /v\r.c\s/ <v\.rc\.s\> neut.

controlling power.

vcRSvI /v\r.c\s.vi/ <v\.rc\.svii> adj.

powerful.

v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> masc. color.

v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> masc. letter.

v8R /v\r.¯\/ <v\.r¯\> fem. caste.

v8Rn /v\r.¯\n/ <v\.r¯\.n\> neut. 1.

description, 2. narration.

v8Rvvu& /v\r.¯\v.vu~/ <v\.r¯\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to describe, 2. to narrate.

v8Rs&kr /v\r.¯\.s\˜.k\r/

<v\.r¯\.s\~.k\.r\> adj. born of parents

of different castes or religion.

187

v8aRnuk/m /v\r.¯a.nu.kr\m/

<v\.rna.nu.kr\.m\> masc.

alphabetical order.

vtR8U&k /v\r.t\.¯u~k/ <v\.rt\.¯u~.k\> fem.

1. behavior, 2. conduct.

vtRn /v\r.t\n/ <v\.rt\.n\> neut. 1.

behavior, 2. conduct.

vtRman /v\r.t\.man/ <v\.rt\.ma.n\> adj.

1. present, 2. current.

vtRmankaX /v\r.t\.man.kaÆ/

<v\.rt\.ma.n\> masc. present tense.

vtRmanp{a /v\r.t\.man.p\t.r\/

<v\.rt\.ma.n\.p\.tr\> neut. a

newspaper.

vtuRX /v\r.tuÆ/ <v\.rtu.Æ\> neut. a circle.

vqR /v\r.ß\/ <v\.rs°\> neut. an year.

vqaR¢tu /v\r.ßa.ru.tu/ <vv\.rs°a.r≤u.tu>

fem. the rainly season.

vl8 /v\.l\¯/ <v\.l\.¯\> neut. mental

inclination.

vlo8u& /v\.lo.¯u~/ <v\.lo.¯u~> neut. a

churning rod.

vlopat /v\.lo.pat/ <v\.lo.pa.t\> masc.

restlessness and dejection.

vlopaityu& /v\.lo.pa.ti,ju~/ <v\.lo.pa.ti.ju~>

adj. inclined to be restless and deject.

vsit /v\s.ti/ <v\.s\.ti> fem. population.

vsvso /v\s.v\.so/ <v\.s\.v\.so> masc.

1. remorse, 2. grudge.

vsva4 /v\s.vaˇ/ <v\.s\.va.ˇ\> masc. 1.

residing, 2. dwelling, 3. stay.

vsvu& /v\s.vu~/ <v\.s\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

dwell, 2. to reside.

vs&t /v\.s\nt/ <v\.s\~.t\> fem. the

spring season.

vsa8u& /v\.sa.¯u~/ <v\.sa.¯u~> neut. a

food item made of various spices and

eaten normally in winter.

vsavvu& /v\.sav.vu~/ <v\.sa.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to cause to live.

vsavvu& /v\.sav.vu~/ <v\.sa.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to purchase durable things.

vsaht /v\.sa.h\t/ <v\.sa.h\.t\> fem. a

settlement.

visyt /v\.si.j\t/ <v\.si.j\.t\> fem.

inheritance.

visytnamu& /v\.si.j\t.na.mu~/ <v\.si.j\.t\>

neut. a will.

vsUkvu& /v\.suk.vu~/ <v\.su.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to cease yielding milk.

vsUlat /v\.su.lat/ <v\.su.la.t\> fem. an

act of recovering money.

vStI /v\s.ti/ <v\.stii> fem. population.

vStIg8trI /v\s.ti.g\.¯\t.ri/

<v\.stii.g\.¯\.t\.rii> fem. census.

vStIp{ak /v\s.ti.p\t.r\k/

<v\.stii.p\.tr\.k\> neut. a census

record.

188

vStu /v\s.tu/ <v\.stu> fem. a thing.

vS{a /v\s.tr\/ <v\.str\> neut. a garment.

vha8 /v\.ha¯/ <v\.ha.¯\> neut. a ship.

vhal /v\.hal/ <v\.ha.l\> neut.

affection.

vhI /v\.hi/ <v\.hii> fem. an account-

book.

vhIv4 /v\.hi.v\ˇ/ <v\.hii.v\.ˇ\> masc.

an administration.

vhIv4I /v\.hi.v\.ˇi/ <v\.hii.v\.ˇii> adj.

administrative.

vhIv&co /v\.hi.v\µ.co/ <v\.hii.v\~.co>

masc. a bard keeping the record of

genealogical tree.

vhu /v\.hu/ <v\.hu> fem. a wife.

vhem /v\.hem/ <v\.he.m\> masc. 1.

suspicion, 2. doubt.

vhemI /v\.he.mi/ <v\.he,mii> adj.

suspicious.

vhelu& /v\.he.lu~/ <v\.he.lu~> adj. early.

vhevar /v\.he.var/ <v\.he,va.r\> masc.

day to day interaction.

vhevaru& /v\.he.va.ru~/ <v\.he.va.ru~> adj.

honest in day to day interaction.

vhevu& /v\.he.vu~/ <v\.he.vu~> v.intr. to

flow.

vheiXyu& /v\.he.Æi.ju~/ <v\.he.Æi.ju~> neut. a

small stream.

vheXo /v\.he.Æo/ <v\.he.Æo> masc. a

stream.

vhe&c8I /fem./ <v\.he~.c\.¯ii> fem.

distribution.

vhe&cvu& /v\.h´~c.vu~/ <v\.he~.c\.vu~> v.tr. to

distribute.

vhorvu& /v\.hor.vu~/ <v\.ho.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to purchase 2. to undertake a risk

thoughtlessly.

vX /v\Æ/ <v\.Æ\> masc. a twist.

vXg8 /v\Æ.g\¯/ <v\.Æ\.g\.¯\> neut. 1.

a relation, 2. a connection.

vXgvu& /v\.Æ\g.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.g\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to cling, 2. to stick to.

vXga6 /v\Æ.gaÎ/ <v\.Æ\.ga.Î\> masc. 1.

ghost, 2, an evil spirit.

vXtr /v\Æ.t\r/ <v\.Æ\.t\.r\> neut. 1.

profit, 2. remuneration.

vXvu& /v\Æ.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to be

twisted, 2. to be bent.

vXvu& /v\Æ.vu~/ <v\.Æ\.vu~> v.intr. to

return.

vXavvu& /v\.Æav.vu~/ <v\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

see one off.

vXa&k /v\.Æa~˜k/ <v\.Æa~.k\> masc. a turn.

vXI /v\.Æi/ <v\.Æii> advb. besides.

v&4oX /v\¯.ˇoÆ/ <v\~.ˇo.Æ\> masc.

whirlwind.

189

v&4oXIyo /v\¯.ˇo.Æi.jo/ <v\~.ˇo.Æii.jo> masc.

whirlwind.

v&trI /v\n.t\.ri/ <v\~.t\.ri> fem. a female

ghost.

v&dn /v\n.d\n/ <v\~.d\.n\> neut. a

respectful bow.

v&dna /v\n.da.na/ <v\~.d\.na> fem. 1. a

bowing, 2. a salutation, 3. a prayer.

v&do /v\n.do/ <v\.ndo> masc. a

cockroach.

v&= /v\mß/ <v\~.ß\> masc. descendents.

v&=pr&pra /v\mß.p\.r\m.p\.ra/

<v\~.ß\.p\.r\~.p\.ra> fem. a femily-tree.

va /va/ <va> advb. or.

va /va/ <va> masc. wind.

va /va/ <va> masc. rheumatism.

vaky /vak.j\/ <va.kj\> neut. a sentence.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.exp. 1. to

be injured, 2. to be wounded.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.intr. to be

struck.

vagvu& /vag.vu~/ <va.g\.vu~> v.intr. to

strike (of a clock).

vagoXvu& /va.goÆ.vu~/ <va.go.Æ\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to ruminate, 2. to chew and cud.

va3 /va˙/ <va.gh\> masc. tiger.

va38 /va.g˙\¯/ <va.gh\.¯\> fem.

tigress.

vack /va.c\k/ <va.c\.k\> masc. reader.

vacn /\va.c\n/ <va.c\.n\> neut.

reading.

vacnaly /va.c\.na.l\j/ <va.c\.na.l\.j\>

neut. a library.

vaca /va.ca/ <va.ca> fem. a speech

vaCya9R /vac.jar.t˙\/ <va.cja.rth\> adj.

literal meaning.

va26I /vac˙.Îi/ <va.ch\.Îii> fem. a

female calf.

vaj /vaÔ/ <va.Ô\> adj. tired.

vajape4I /va.Ôa.pe.ˇi/ <va.Ôa.pe.ˇii> fem.

a harmonium.

vaij&{a /va.Ôin.tr\/ <va.Ôi~.tr\> neut. a

musical organ.

va4 /vaˇ/ <va.ˇ\> fem. a road.

va4 /vaˇ/ <va.ˇ\> fem. a wick.

va4vu& /vaˇ.vu~/ <va.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr. to pound

or crush with a muller.

va4a3a4 /va.ˇa.g˙aˇ/ <va.ˇa.gha.ˇ\> fem.

negotiations.

va6 /vaÎ/ <va.Î\> fem. 1. a hedge, 2. a

fence, 3. a railing.

va6kI /vaÎ.ki/ <va.Î\.kii> fem. a cup-

like small vessel.

190

va6ab&0I /va.Îa.b\n.d˙i/ <va.Îa.b\~.dhii>

fem. group-ism.

va6I /va.Îi/ <va.Îii> fem. a farm of

nursing fruit or flower plants.

va6o /va.Îo/ <va.Îo> masc. a backyard.

va7 /vaÎ˙/ <va.Îh\> masc. 1. a cut, 2. a

wound.

va7vu& /vaÎ˙.vu~/ <va.Îh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

cut, 2. to reap.

vai8jy /va.¯iÔ.j\/ <va.¯i.Ôj\> neut. 1.

trade, 2. commerce.

vai8y8 /va.¯i.j\¯/ <va.¯i.j\.¯\> fem. 1.

a woman belonging to the Vania caste,

2. a Vani’s wife.

vai8yo /va.¯i.jo/ <va.¯i.jo> masc. a man

of the Vania caste.

va8I /va.¯i/ <va.¯ii> fem. speech.

vat /vat/ <va.t\> fem. 1. a story, 2. a

narrative.

vatcIt /vat.cit/ <va.t\.ci.t\> fem.

conversation.

vatavr8 /va.ta.v\.r\¯/ <va.ta.v\.r\.¯\>

neut. atmosphere.

vaTsLy /vat.s\l.j\/ <va.ts\.lj\> neut.

affection.

vad /vad/ <va.d\> masc. 1. debate, 2.

ism.

vadX /va.d\Æ/ <va.d\.Æ\> neut. a cloud.

vadiXyu& /va.d\.Æi.ju~/ <va.d\.Æi.ju~> adj.

cloudy.

vadXu& /va.d\Æ/ <va.Î\.Æu~> neut. a cloud.

van /van/ <va.n\> masc. complexion.

vangI /van.gi/ <va.n\.gii> fem. an item.

vanr /va.n\r/ <va.n\.r\> masc. a

monkey.

vam8u& /vam.¯u~/ <va.m\.¯u~> adj.

inferior.

vamn /va.man/ <va.m\.n\> adj.

dwarfish.

vay6a: /vaj.Îai/ <va.j\.Îa.ii> fem. over

wisdom.

vay6u& /vaj.Îu~/ <va.j\.Îu~> adj. causing

gas in the body.

vaydo /vaj.do/ <va.j\.do> masc. 1.

promise, 2. a forward transaction.

vayro /vaj.ro/ <va.j\.ro> masc. wind.

vayro /vaj.ro/ <va.j\.ro> masc. a

popular or current trend.

vayVy /va.j\v.j\/ <va.j\.vj\> adj. North-

West.

vayu /va.ju/ <va.ju~> masc. 1. wind, 2.

air.

vayu /va.ju/ <va.ju> masc. 1. gas, 2.

indigestion.

varvu& /var.vu~/ <va.r\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

restraint, 2. to prohibit.

191

vars /va.r\s/ <va.r\.s\> masc. an

inheritor.

varsagt /var.sa.g\t/ <va.ra.sa.g\.t\>

adj. hereditary.

varso /var.so/ <va.r\.so> masc. 1.

legacy, 2. heritage, 3. inheritance.

var&var /va.r\m.var/ <va.r\~.va.r\> advb.

1. repeatedy, 2. now and again.

varafrtI /va.ra.p˙\r.ti/ <va.ra.ph\.r\.tii>

advb. one after another.

vare36Iye /va.re.g˙\.Îi.je/

<va.re.gh\.Îii.je> advb. frequently.

varo /va.ro/ <va.ro> masc. turn.

vataR /var.ta/ <va.rta> fem. 1. a stroy, 2.

a narrative.

vaiqRk /var.ßik/ <va.rs°i.k\> adj. 1.

yearly, 2. annual.

val /val/ <va.l\> masc. a kind of pluse.

valoX /va.loÆ/ <va.lo.Æ\> fem. a green

pod of kind of pulse used as a vegetable.

vav /vav/ <va.v\> fem. a step-well.

vav4o /vav.ˇo/ <va.v\.ˇo> masc. a flag.

vav6 /va.v\Î/ <va.v\.Î\> masc. 1.

whereabouts, 2. news.

vav8I /vav.¯i/ <va.v\.¯ii> fem. a

sowing.

vavu& /va.vu~/ <va.vu~> v.intr. to blow.

vavu& /va.vu~/ <va.vu~> v.tr. to give a birth

to a calf.

vavetr /va.ve.t\r/ <va.ve.t\.r\> neut. 1.

sowing, 2. planting.

vas /vas/ <va.s\> masc. a locality.

vas /vas/ <va.s\> fem. smell.

vas8 /va.s\¯/ <va.s\.¯\> neut. 1. a

vessel, 2. a utensil.

vas8kUs8 /va.s\¯.ku.s\¯/

<va.s\.¯\.kuu.s\.¯\> neut. pl. kitchen

utensils.

vasna /vas.na/ <va.s\.na> fem. 1. desire

for worldly happiness, 2. passion.

vasvuU& /vas.vu~/ <va.s\.vu~> v.tr. to close.

vasI /va.si/ <va.sii> adj. stale.

vaStv /vas.t\v/ <va.st\.v\> neut. a

reality.

vaStivk /vas.t\.bik/ <va.st\.vi.k\> adj.

real.

vaStu /vas.tu/ <va.stu> neut. a ritual

performed before occupying a house.

vaStupUja /vas.tu. pu.Ôa./ <va.stu.puu.Ôa>

fem. a ritual performed before

occupying a house.

vah /vah/ <va.h\> advb. 1. well-done,

2. bravo.

vahn /va.h\n/ <va.h\.n\> neut. a

vehicle.

192

vaihyat /va.hi.jat/ <va.hi.a.t\> adj. 1.

hollow, 2. bogus.

vaX /vaÆ/ <va.Æ\> masc. hair.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

bend, 2. to roll.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

repay, 2. to return.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to sweep.

vaXvu& /vaÆ.vu~/ <va.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to

change the direction of a vehicle, water

etc.

vaX&d /va.Æ\nd/ <va.Æ\~.d\> masc. a

barber.

vaXI /va.Æi/ <va.Æii> fem. a nose-ring.

vaXo /va.Æo/ <va.Æo> masc. a metallic

wire.

va&k /va~k/ <va~.k\> masc. 1. fault, 2.

defect.

va&k6o /va~k.Îo/ <va~.k\.Îo> masc. dowry

given to the bridegroom by the bride

side.

va&ku& /va~.ku~/ <va~.ku~> adj. 1. crooked, 2.

bent, 3. curved.

va&ku&cUku& /va~.ku~.cu~.ku~/ <va~.ku~.cuu.ku~>

adj. zigzag.

va&3u& /va~.g˙u~/ <va~.ghu~> neut. a ravine.

va&cn /va~.c\n/ <va~.c\.n\> neut. a

reading.

va&cvu& /va~c.vu~/ <va~.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

read, 2. to decipher.

va&z8u& /va~Ô˙.¯u~/ <va~.Ôh\.¯u~> adj. 1.

barren, 2. childless.

va&7o /va~.Î˙o/ <va~.Îho> masc. a

bachelor on compusion.

va&dro /va~d.ro/ <va~.d\.ro> masc. a male

monkey.

va&drI /va~d.ri/ <va~.d\.rii> fem. a female

monkey.

va&dru& /va~d.ru~/ <va~.d\.ru~> neut. a

monkey.

va&0o /va~.d˙o/ <va~.dho> masc. 1.

opposition, 2. objection, 3. dispute.

va&s /va~s/ <va~.s\> masc. a bamboo.

va&sl6I /va~.s\l.Îi/ <va~.s\.l\.Îii> fem. a

flute.

va&sXI /va~s.Æi/ <va~.s\.Æii> fem. a flute.

va&so /va~.so/ <va~.so> masc. the back.

ivk4 /vi.k\ˇ/ <vi.k\.ˇ\> adj. 1. tough, 2.

difficult.

ivkraX /vik.raÆ/ <vi.k\.ra.Æ\> adj.

terrible.

ivkLp /vi.k\l.p\/ <vi.k\.lp\> masc. an

alternative.

ivksvu& /vi.k\s.vu~/ <vi.k\.s\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to grow, 2. to develop, 3. to increase.

ivkist /vik.sit/ <vi.k\.si.t\> adj.

developed.

193

ivkar /vi.kar/ <vi.ka.r\> masc.

deterioration.

ivkarI /vi.ka.ri/ <vi.ka.rii> adj. apt to

change.

ivkas /vi.kas/ <vi.ka.s\> masc. 1.

growth, 2. development.

ivk<t /vik.rut/ <vi.kr≤u.t\> adj.

distorted.

ivxep /vik.ßep/ <vi.kße.p\> masc.

obstruction.

iv`vad /vik˙.vad/ <vi.kh\.va.d\> masc.

1. discord, 2. dispute.

iv`U4u& /vi.k˙u.ˇu~/ <vi.khuu.ˇu~> adj.

separated and lonely.

iv`ervu& /vi.k˙er.vu~/ <vi.khe.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to scatter.

iv~yat /vik˙.jat/ <vi.khja.t\> adj.

famous.

ivgt /vi.g\t/ <vi.g\.t\> fem. 1. past, 2.

gone.

ivg/h /vi.gr\.h\/ <vi.gr\.h\> masc. a

battle.

iv34n /vi:.g˙\.ˇ\n/ <vi.gh\.ˇ\n\> neut.

deconstruction.

iv3atk /vi.g˙a.t\k/ <vi.gha.t\.k\> adj.

destructive.

iv#n /vig.n\/ <vi.ghn\> neut. obstacle.

ivcx8 /vi.c\k.ß\¯/ <vi.c\.kß\.¯\> adj.

1. intellegent, 2. shrewd.

ivcrvu& /vi.c\r.vu~/ <vi.c\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

to loiter.

ivcar /vi.car/ <vi.ca.r\> masc. thought.

ivcark /vi.ca.r\k/ <vi,ca.r\.k\> masc. a

thinker.

ivcar8a /vi.car.¯a/ <vi.ca.r\.¯a> fem. 1.

thinking, 2. consideration.

ivcarvu& /vi.car.vu~/ <vi.ca.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

think.

ivic{a /vi.cit.r\/ <vi.ci.tr\> adj. strange.

ivC2ed /vic.c˙ed/ <vi.cche.d\> masc. a

cut.

ivjy /vi.Ô\j/ <vi.Ô\.j\> masc. victory.

ivjatIy /vi.Ôa.ti.j\/ <vi.Ôa.tii.j\> adj. of

different sex, caste, class or race.

ivjeta /vi.Ôe.ta/ <vi.Ôe.ta> masc. a victor.

ivjog /vi.Ôog/ <vi.Ôo.g\> masc.

suffering from a separation from the

beloved one.

iv}aan /vig.nan/ <vi.gna.n\> neut.

science.

iv}aapk /vig.na.p\k/ <vi.gna.p\.k\> adj.

1. declaring, 2. advertising.

iv4&b8a /vi.ˇ\mb.¯a/ <vi.ˇ\~.b\.¯a> fem.

1. misery, 2. grief, 3. difficulties.

iv6&bn /vi.Îam.b\n/ <vi.Î\~.b\.n\> neut.

mockery.

194

ivtr8 /vit.r\¯/ <v> neut. distribution.

ivta6vu& /vi.taÎ.vu~/ <vi.ta.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to

harass.

ivday /vi.daj/ <vi.da.j\> fem. a

departure.

ividt /vi.dit/ <v> adj. known.

ivduqI /vi.du.ßi/ <vi.du.s°ii> fem. a

learned woman.

ivdUqk /vi.du.ß\k/ <vi.duu.s°\.k\> masc.

a clown.

ivde= /vi.deß/ <vi.de.ß\> masc. a foreign

country.

ivde=I /vi.de.ßi/ <vi.de.ßii> adj. foreign.

ivd\yman /vid.j\.man/ <vi.dj\.ma.n\>

adj. 1. existing, 2. present.

ivd\ya /vid.ja/ <vi.dja> fem. knowledge.

ivd\yapI5 /vid.ja.piˇ˙/ <vi.dja.pii.ˇh\>

fem. an educational institution.

ivd\ya9IR /vid.jar.t˙i/ <vi.dja.rthii> masc.

a male student.

ivd\ya9IRnI /vid.jar.t˙i.ni/ <vi.dja.rthii.nii>

fem. a female student.

ivd\yut /vid.jut/ <vi.dju.t\> fem. 1.

lightning, 2. electricity.

iv±oh /vid.roh/ <vi.dro.h\> masc. a

mutiny.

ivd\vta /vid.v\.ta/ <vi.dv\.ta> fem.

knowledge.

ivd\van /vid.van/ <vi.dva.n\> masc. 1. a

learned man, 2. a scholar.

iv0va /vid˙.va/ <vi.dh\.va> fem. a

widow.

iv0vaivvah /vid˙.va.vi.vah/

<vi.dh\.va.vi.va.h\> masc. a widow’s

re-marriage.

iv0ata /vi.d˙a.ta/ <vi.dha.ta> fem. the

creator of the universe.

iv0a{aI /vi.d˙at.ri/ <vi.dha.trii> fem. the

goddess of destiny.

iv0an /vi.d˙an/ <vi.dha.n\> neut. a

statement.

iv0ayk /vi.d˙a.j\k/ <vi.dha.j\.k\> adj.

constructive.

ivi0 /vi.d˙i/ <vi.dhi> fem. the god of

destiny.

ivi0 /vi.d˙i/ <vi.dhi> fem. ritual.

iv0ur /iv.d˙ur/ <vi.dhu.r\> adj.

widower.

ivny /vi.n\j/ <vi.n\.j\> masc.

humbleness.

ivnv8I /vi.n\v.¯i/ <vi.n\.v\.¯i> fem. a

request.

ivn&tI /vi.n\n.ti/ <vi.n\~.tii> fem. a

request.

ivna /vi.na/ <vi.na> postp. except.

ivna= /vi.naß/ <vi.na.ß\> masc. 1.

destruction, 2. extinction.

195

ivna=I /vi.na.ßi/ <vi.na.ßii> adj.

destructive.

ivinmy /vi.ni.maj/ <vi.ni.m\.j\> masc.

1. exchange, 2. barter.

ivnod /vi.nod/ <vi.no.d\> masc. joy.

ivpi]a /vi:.p\t.ti/ <vi.p\.tti> fem. 1. a

calamity, 2. misery, 3. trouble.

ivp9 /vi.p\t˙/ <vi.p\.th\> masc. wrong

path.

ivprIt /vip.rit/ <vi.p\.rii.t\> adj.

opposite.

ivpul /vi.pul/ <vi.pu.l\> adj. abundant.

ivp/ /vip.r\/ <vi.pr\> masc. a Brahmin.

ivPlv /vip.l\v/ <vi.pl\.v\> masc. a

revolt.

iv-kt /vi.b˙\k.t\/ <vi.bh\.kt\> adj.

divided.

iv-ikt /vi.b˙\k.ti/ <vi.bh\.kti> fem. a

case.

iv-ag /vi.b˙ag/ <vi.bha.g\> masc. a

section.

iv-ajk /vi.b˙a.Ô\k/ <vi.bha.Ô\.k\> adj.

dividing.

iv-ajn /vi.b˙a.Ô\n/ <v> neut. division.

iv-ajy /vi.b˙aÔ.j\/ <vi.bha.Ôj\> adj.

divisible.

ivi-Nn /vi.b˙in.n\/ <vi.bhi.nn\> adj. 1.

different, 2. separate.

iv-Uit /vi.b˙u.ti/ <vi.bhuu.ti> fem. a

superman.

ivml /vi.m\l/ <vi.m\.l\> adj. pure.

ivman /vi.man/ <vi.ma.n\> neut. an

aircraft.

ivmanm9k /vi.man.m\.t˙\k/

<vi.ma.n\.m\.th\.k\> neut. an

airport.

ivmu` /vi.muk˙/ <vi.mu.kh\> neut.

unfavorable.

ivyavu& /vi.ja.vu~/ <vi.ja.vu~> v.intr. (of

beasts) to give birth.

ivrmvu& /vi.r\m.vu~/ <vi.r\.m\.vu~> v.intr.

to stop.

ivrh /vi.r\h/ <vi.r\.h\> masc.

separation from dear ones.

ivragI /vi.ra.gi/ <vi.ra.gii> adj. a

hermit.

ivra4 /vi.raˇ/ <vi.ra.ˇ\> adj. 1. huge, 2.

magnificent.

ivram /vi.ram/ <vi.ra.m\> masc. 1. rest,

2. pause.

ivro0 /vi.rod˙/ <vi.ro.dh\> masc. 1. an

objection, 2. opposition.

ivro0a-as /v.ro.d˙a.b˙as/

<vi.ro.dha.bha.s\> masc. mere

apparent opposition.

196

ivlx8 /vi.l\k.ß\¯/ <vi.l\.kß\.¯\> adj.

peculiar.

ivly /vi.l\j/ <vi.l\.j\> masc.

dissolution.

ivlsvu& /vi.l\s.vu~/ <vi.l\.s\.vu~> v.intr. 1.

to shine, 2. to glitter.

ivlap /vi.lap/ <vi.la.p\> masc.

lamentation.

ivlayt /vi.la.j\t/ <vi.la.j\.t\> neut.

England.

ivlaytI /vi.la.j\.ti/ <vi.la.j\.tii> adj. 1.

made in England, 2. foreign.

ivlavu& /vi.la.vu~/ <vi.la.vu~> v.intr. to

wither.

ivlas /vi.las/ <vi.la.s\> masc.

merriment.

ivvr8 /viv.r\¯/ <vi.v\.r\.¯\> neut. 1.

criticism, 2. commentary.

ivvad /vi.vad/ <vi.va.d\> masc. a

controversy.

ivvadaSpd /vi.va.da.sp\d/

<vi.va.da.sp\.d\> adj. controversial.

ivvah /vi.vah/ <vi.va.h\> masc. 1.

betrothal, 2. marriage.

iviv0 /vi.vid˙/ <vi.vi.dh\> adj. various.

iviv0ta /vi.vid˙.ta/ <vi.vi.dh\.ta> fem.

variety.

ivvek /vi.vek/ <vi.ve.k\> masc.

politeness.

ivveck /vi.ve.c\k/ <vi.ve.c\.k\> masc. a

critic.

ivvecn /vi.ve.c\n/ <vi.ve.c\.n\> neut.

criticism.

ivvecna /vi.ve.c\.na/ <vi.ve.c\.na> fem.

interpretation.

iv=d /vi.ß\d/ <vi.ß\.d\> adj. clear

(argument etc.)

iv=aX /vi.ßaÆ/ <vi.ßa.Æ\> adj. large.

ivi=Q4 /vi.ßiß.t\/ <vi.ßi.s°ˇ\> adj. peculiar.

iv=e /vi.ße/ <vi.ße> postp. about.

iv=eq /vi.ßeß/ <vi.ße.s°\> adj. additional.

iv=eqtŠ /vi.ßeß.t\h/ <vi.ße.s°\.t\:> advb.

especially.

iv=eqta /vi.ßeß.ta/ <vi.ße.s°\.ta> fem.

difference.

iv[aam /vis.ram/ <vi.ßra.m\> masc. rest.

iv¿leq8 /viß.le.ß\¯/ <vi.ßle.ß\.¯\> neut.

analysis.

iv¼ /viß.v\/ <vi.ßv\> neut. the universe.

iv¼as /ivß.vas/ <vi.ßva.s\> masc. 1.

trust, 2. confidence.

iv¼as3at /viß.vas.g˙at/

<vi.ßva.s\.gha.t\> masc. betrayal.

iv¼as3atI /viß.vas.g˙a.ti/

<vi.ßva.s\.gha.tii> adj. a betrayer

person.

197

ivq /viß/ <vi.s°\> neut. poison.

ivq0r /viß.d˙\r/ <vi.s°\.dh\.r\> masc. a

serpent.

ivqm /vi.ß\m/ <vi.s°\.m\> adj. unequal.

ivqy /vi.ß\j/ <vi.s°\.j\> masc. 1. a

perceivable object, 2. subject

ivqyaNtr /vi.ßa.jan.t\r/ <vi.s°\.ja.nt\.r\>

neut. digression.

ivqad /vi.ßad/ <vi.s°a.d\> masc. 1.

dejection, 2. grief.

ivqe /vi.ße/ <vi.s°e> postp. about.

ivsgR /vi.s\r.g\/ <vi.s\.rg\> masc. the

sign (:).

ivsjRn /vi.s\r.Ô\n/ <vi.s\.rÔ\.n\> neut.

dissolution.

ivsamo /vi.sa.mo/ <vi.sa.mo> masc. a

halt for resting.

ivStrvu& /vis.t\r.vu~/ <vi.st\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

to spread out.

ivStar /vis.tar/ <vi.sta.r\> masc. 1. an

area, 2. extension.

ivStarpUvRk /vis.tar.pur.v\k/

<vi.sta.r\.puu.rv\.k\> adj. 1. at

length, 2. in detail.

ivStarvu& /vis.tar.vu~/ <vi.sta.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to extend, .2 to expand.

ivSfo4 /vis.p˙oˇ/ <vi.spho.ˇ\> masc.

explosive.

ivSmy /vis.m\j/ <vi.sm\.j\> neut. 1. a

wonder, 2. a surprise, 3. an

astonishment.

ivSmr8 /vis.m\.r\¯/ <vi.sm\.r\.¯\>

neut. forgetting.

ivhrvu& /vi.h\r.vu~/ <vi.h\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to stroll, 2. to walk for a pleasure.

ivhar /vi.har/ <vi.ha.r\> masc. 1. a

stroll, 2. a leisurely walk.

ivhIn /vi.hin/ <vi.hii.n\> adj. devoid

of.

ivh\vX /vih.v\Æ/ <vi.h.v\.Æ\> adj.

puzzled and upset.

vI`rvu& /vi.k˙\r.vu~/ <vii.kh\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to dispersed.

vIgt /vi.g\t/ <vii.g\.t\> fem. details.

vI2Xvu& /vi.c˙\Æ.vu~/ <vii.ch\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

to cleanse (utensils etc.)

vIjXI /viÔ.Æi/ <vii.Ô\.Æii> fem. 1.

lightening, 2. electricity.

vI8vu& /vi¯.vu~/ <vii.¯\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

pick, 2. to pluck.

vI8a /vi.¯a/ <vii.¯a> fem. a lute.

vInvvu& /vi.n\v.vu~/ <vii.n\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to entreat, 2. to request.

vIfrvu& /vi.p˙\r.vu~/ <vii.ph\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to become uncontrolled because

of anger.

vImo /vi.mo/ <vii.mo> masc. insurance.

198

vIr /vir/ <vii.r\> adj. brave.

vIrta /vir.ta/ <vii.r\.ta> fem. bravery.

vIyR /vir.j\/ <vii.rj\> neut. semen.

vI=I /vi.ßi/ <vii.ßii> fem. an inn.

vI&2I /vi~.c˙i/ <vii~.chii> masc. a scorpian

(male).

vI&28 /vi~.c˙\¯/ <vii~.ch\.¯\> fem. a

scorpian (female).

vI&j8o /vi~Ô.¯o/ <vii.Ô\.¯o> masc. a fan.

vI&4vu& /vi~ˇ,vu~/ <v> v.tr. to wrap.vI&4I /vi~.ˇi/

<vii~.ˇii> fem. an ornamental ring.

vI&4o /vi~.ˇo/ <vii~.ˇo> masc. a roll.

vI&0vu& /vi~d˙.vu~/ <vii~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

bore, 2. to pierce, 3. to prick.

v<x /vruk.ß\/ <vr°u.kß\> neut. a tree.

v<)0 /vrud.d˙\/ <vr°u.dhdh\> adj. old.

v<i)0 /vrud˙.d˙i/ <vr°u.dhdhi> fem.

growth.

v<q8 /vru.ß\¯/ <vr°u.s°\.¯\> neut. a

testicle.

veg /veg/ <ve.g\> masc. speed.

vegXu& /veg.Æu~/ <ve.g\.Æu~> adj. at a

distance.

vecvu& /vec.vu~/ <ve.c\.vu~> v.tr. to sell.

veca8 /ve.ca¯/ <ve.ca.¯\> neut. sale.

ve5vu& /veˇ˙.vu~/ <ve.ˇh\.vu~> v.tr. to

suffer.

ve6fvu& /ve.Î\p˙.vu~/ <ve.Î\.ph\.vu~> v.tr.

to waste.

ve6vu& /veÎ.vu~/ <ve.Î\.vu~> v.tr. to pluck

fruits.

ve7o /ve.Î˙o/ <ve.Îho> masc. one of the

cuts on a finger-joint.

ve8I /ve.¯i/ <ve.¯ii> fem. a braid of

hair.

vetn /ve.t\n/ <ve.t\.n\> neut. salary.

vetrvu& /ve.t\r.vu~/ <ve.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

cut cloth for tailoring.

vetaX /ve.taÆ/ <ve.ta.Æ\> masc. a ghost.

vedna /ved.na/ <ve.d\.na> fem. pain.

ve0k /ve.d˙\k/ <ve.dh\.k\> adj. 1.

piercing, 2. sharp.

ve0vu& /ved˙.vu~/ <vve.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

bore, 2. to pierce.

ve0=aXa /ved˙.ßa.Æa/ <ve.dh\.ßa.Æa> fem.

an observatory.

vepar /ve.par/ <ve.pa.r\> masc. 1. trade,

2. commerce, 3. business.

veparI /ve.pa.ri/ <ve.pa.rii> masc. 1.

trader, 2. a businessman, 3. a shop-

keeper.

ver /v´r/ <ve.r\> neut. hostality.

199

ver82er8 /ve.r\¯.c˙e.r\¯/

<ve.r\.¯\.che.r\.¯\> advb. scattered.

vervu& /ver.vu~/ <ve.r\.vu~> v.tr. to scatter.

veragI /ve.ra.gi/ <ve.ra.gii> masc. an

ascetic.

veran /ve.ran/ <ve.ra.n\> adj. 1.

desolate, 2. uninhabitated.

vero /ve.ro/ <ve.ro> masc. 1. a tax, 2. a

toll.

vel8 /ve.l\¯/ <ve.l\.¯\> neut. a rolling-

pin.

velo /ve.lo/ <ve.lo> masc. a creeper.

vevla: /vev.lai/ <ve.v\.la.ii> fem. over-

wisdom.

veva: /ve.vai/ <ve.va.ii> masc. the

father-in-law of one’s son or daughter.

veiv=aX /ve.vi.ßaÆ/ <ve.vi.ßa.Æ\> neut.

betrothal.

ve= /veß/ <ve.ß\> masc. 1. dress, 2.

costume.

ve+ya /veß.ja/ <ve.ßja> fem. prostitute.

vEkiLpk /v\i.k\l.pik/ <v\i.k\.lpi.k\> adj.

optional.

vE}aaink /v\ig.na.nik/ <v\i.gna.ni.k\>

masc. a scientist.

vE}aaink /v\ig.na.nik/ <v\i.gna.ni.k\>

adj. scientific.

vEd /v\id/ <v\i.d\> masc. a doctor.

vE0Vy /v\i.d˙\v.j\/ <v\i.dh\.vj\> neut.

widowhood.

vE=a` /v\i.ßak˙/ <v\i.ßa.kh\> masc. the

seventh month of the Vikram year.

vEQ8v /v\iß.¯\v/ <v\i.s°¯\.v\> masc. a

sect of Hinuism so named.

Vyikt /vj\k.ti/ <vj\.kti> fem. 1. an

individual, 2. a person.

Vyg/ /vjg.r\/ <vj\.gr\> adj. puzzled.

Vyg/ta /vj\.gr\.ta/ <vj\.gra.ta> fem.

uneasiness.

Vy9a /vj\.t˙a/ <vj\.tha> fem. pain.

Vyi-car /vj\.b˙i.car/ <vj\.bhi.ca.r\>

masc. immoral sexual relation.

Vyi-carI /vj\.b˙i.ca.ri/ <vj\.bhi.ca.rii>

adj. an immoral man.

Vyi-carI8I /vj\.b˙i.ca.ri.¯i/

<vj\.bhi.ca.rii.¯ii> adj. an immoral

woman.

Vy9R /vj\r.t˙\/ <vj\.rth\> adj. useless.

Vyvsay /vj\v.saj/ <vj\.v\.sa.j\> masc.

activity.

VyvS9a /vj\.v\s.t˙a/ <vj\.v\.stha> fem.

1. a proper arrengement, 2, a proper

management.

Vyvhar /vj\v.har/ <vj\.v\.ha.r\> masc.

a social interaction.

200

Vyvharku=X /vj\v.har.ku.ß\Æ/

<v\.v\.ha.r\.ku.ß\.Æ\> adj. 1.

practical, 2. good at social interaction.

Vyvharu /vj\v.ha.ru/ <vj\.v\.ha.ru> adj.

feasible.

Vysn /vj\.s\n/ <vj\.s\.n\> neut. a bad

habit.

VySt /vj\s.t\/ <vj\.st\> adj. dispersed.

Vy&g /vj\˜.g\/ <vj\~.g\> masc. satirical.

Vy&jn /vj\µ.Ô\n/ <vj\~.Ô\.n\> masc. a

consonant.

Vyakr8 /vjak.r\¯/ <vja.k\.r\.¯\> neut.

grammar.

Vya~ya /vja.k˙ja/ <vja.khja> fem.

definition.

Vya~yata /vjak˙.ja.ta/<vja.khja.ta> masc.

a lecturer.

Vya~yan /vjak˙.jan/ <vja.khja.n\> neut. a

lecture.

Vyaj /vjaÔ/ <vja.Ô\> neut. interest (on

money).

Vyai0 /vja.d˙i/ <vja.dhi> masc. 1. a

disease, 2. a sickness.

Vyap /vjap/ <vja.p\> masc. spreed.

Vyapk /vja.p\k/ <vja.p\.k\> adj.

widespread.

Vyapar /vja.par/ <vja.pa.r\> masc.

business.

Vyayam /vja.jam/ <vja.ja.m\> masc.

exercise.

VyuTpi]a /vjut.p\t.ti/ <vju.tp\.tti> fem.

etymology.

v/t /vr\t/ <vr\.t\> neut. a moral or

religous vow.

=k /ß\k/ <ß\.k\> masc. 1. doubt, 2.

suspicion.

=kdar /ß\k.dar/ <ß\.k\.da.r\> adj.

suspected (person).

=km&d /ß\k.m\nd/ <ß\.k\.m\~.d\> adj.

suspicious.

=kro /ß\k.ro/ <ß\.k\.ro> masc. 1. a

hawk, 2. a falcon.

=kvu& /ß\k.vu~/ <ß\.k\.ro> v.intr. 1. to be

able, 2. to be possible.

=kkiryu& /\ß\k.k\.ri.ju~/ <ß\.kk\.ri.ju~>

neut. a sweet potato.

=kkl /ß\k.k\l/ <ß\.kk\.l\> fem. face.

=ikt /ß\k.ti/ <ß\.kti> fem. 1. strength, 2.

force.

=iktpUjk /ß\k.ti.pu.Ô\k/

<ß\.kti.puu.Ô\.k\> adj and masc. a

worshipper of the goddess.

=iktpUja /ß\k.ti.pu.Ôa/ <ß\.kti/puu.Ôa>

fem. worship of the goddess.

=ky /ß\k.j\/ <ß\.kj\> adj. possible.

201

=kyta /ß\k.j\.ta/ <ß\.kj.ta> fem.

possibility.

=8 /ß\¯/ <ß\.¯\> neut. a plat of jute.

=8gar /ß\¯.gar/ <ß\.¯\.ga.r\> masc.

beauty-aids.

=taBdI /ß\.tab.di/ <ß\.ta.bdii> fem. 1. a

century, 2. a centenary.

={au /ß\t.ru/ <ß\.tru> masc. an enemy.

=p9 /ß\.p\t˙/ <ß\.p\.th\> masc. 1. oath,

2. vow.

=b /ß\b/ <ß\.b\> neut. a corpse.

=Bd /ß\b.d\/ <ß\.bd\> masc. a word.

=Bdkoq /ß\b.da.koß/ <ß\.bd\.ko.s°\>

masc. a dictionary.

=mvu& /ß\m.vu~/ <ß\.m\.vu~> v.intr. to be

pacified.

=ytan /ß\j.tan/ <ß\.j\.ta.n\> masc.

Satan.

=r8 /ß\.r\¯/ <ß\.r\.¯\> neut. shelter.

=r8agit /ß\r.¯a.g\.ti/ <ß\.r\.¯a.g\.ti>

fem. 1. submission, 2. surrender.

=r8a9IR /ß\r.¯ar.t˙i/ <ß\.r\.¯a.rthii> adj.

and masc. a refugee.

=r8a: /ß\r.¯ai/ <ß\.r\.¯a.ii> fem. a

musical instrument.

=rt /ß\.r\t/ <ß\.r\.t\> fem. 1. a bet, 2. a

condition.

=rdI /ß\r.di/ <ß\.r\.dii> fem. cold.

=rbt /ß\r.b\t/ <ß\.r\.b\.t\> neut. cold

drink.

=rm /ß\.r\m/ <ß\.r\.m\> fem. 1.

modesty, .2 shame.

=rmavu& /ß\r.ma.vu~/ <ß\.r\.ma.vu~> v.intr.

1. to blush, 2. to crestfallen.

=rmaX /ß\r.maÆ/ <ß\.r\.ma.Æ\> adj. shy.

=raf /ß\.rap˙/ <ß\.ra.ph\> masc. a

banker.

=rafI /ß\.ra.p˙i/ <ß\.ra.phii> adj.

related to banking.

=rab /ß\.rab/ <ß\.ra.b\> masc. 1. wine,

2. liquor.

=rabI /ß\.ra.bi/ <ß\.ra.bii> adj. and

masc. a drunkard.

=rIf /ß\.rip˙/ <ß\.ri.ph\> adj.

respectable.

=rIr /ß\.rir/ <ß\.rii.r\> neut. the body.

=rIrrcna /ß\.rir.r\c.na/

<ß\.rii.r\.r\.c\.na> fem. anatomy.

=rIrs&b&0 /ß\.rir.s\m.ban.d˙\/

<ß\.rii.r\.s\~.b\~.dh\> masc. sexual

relation.

=£Aat /ß\.ru.at/ <ß\.ruu.a.t\> fem. a

beginning.

=S{a /ß\ß.tr\/ <ß\.str\> neut. a weapon.

202

=S{aik/ya /ß\ß.tr\.kri.ja/ <ß\.str\.kri.ja>

fem. 1. surgery, 2. surgical operation.

=hId /ß\.hid/ <ß\.hii.d\> adj. and masc.

martyr.

=hIdI /ß\.hi.di/ <ß\.hii.dii> fem.

martyrdom.

=hen=ah /ß\.hen.ßah/ <ß\.he.n\.ßa.h\>

masc. an emperor.

=her /ß\.her/ <ß\.he.r\> neut. a city.

=&ka /ß\˜.ka/ <ß\~.ka> fem. 1. suspicion,

2. doubt.

=&ka=Il /ß\˜.ka.ßil/ <ß\~.ka.ßi.l\> adj. 1.

doubting, 2. suspicious.

=&kaSpd /ß\˜.ka.sp\d/ <ß\~.ka.sp\.d\>

adj. 1. doubtful, 2. uncertain.

=&` /ß\˜k˙/ <ß\~.kh\> masc. a conch.

=ak /ßak/ <ßa.k\> neut. edible

vegetable.

=akaharI /ßa.ka.ha.ri/ <ßa.ka.ha.rii> adj.

vegetarian.

=a` /ßak˙/ <ßa.kh\> fem. 1. credit, 2.

reputation.

=a`a /ßa.k˙a/ <ßa.kha> fem. a branch.

=a8u& /ßa.¯u~/ <ßha.¯u~> adj. wise.

=ap /ßap/ <ßa.p\> masc. a curse.

=aba= /ßa.baß/ <ßa.ba.ß\> excl. 1. bravo,

2. well-done.

=aiBdk /ßab.dik/ <ßa.bdi.k\> adj. verbal.

=ayr /ßa.j\r/ <ßa.j\.r\> masc. a poet.

=arvu& /ßar.vu~/ <ßa.r\.vu~> v.tr. to make a

hole.

=arIirk /ßa.ri.rik/ <ßa.rii.ri.k\> adj.

bodily.

=al /ßal/ <ßa.l\> fem. a shawl.

=ask /ßa.ß\k/ <ßa.s\.k\> masc. a ruler.

=asn /ßa.s\n/ <ßa.s\.n\> neut.

governance.

=aS{a /ßas.tr\/ <ßa.ßtr\> neut. a scripture.

=aS{aa9R /ßas.tra.rt˙\/ <ßa.stra.rth\> masc.

interpretation of scriptures.

=ahm<g /ßah.mrug/ <ßa.h\.mr≤u.g\> neut.

an ostrich.

=ahukar /ßa.hu.kar/ <ßa.hu.ka.r\> masc.

an honest person.

=ahu6I /ßa.hu.Îi/ <ßa.hu.Îii> fem. a

porcupine.

=aXa /ßa.la/ <ßa.Æa> fem. a school.

=a&t /ßa~nt/ <ßa~.t\> adj. .1quite, 2.

peaceful.

i=kar /ßi.kar/ <ßi.ka.r\> masc. hunting.

i=karI /ßi.ka.ri/ <ßi.ka.rii> masc. a

hunter.

i=xk /ßik.ß\k/ <ßi.kß\.k\> masc. a male

teacher.

203

i=x8 /ßik.ß\¯/ <ßi.kß\.¯\> neut. 1.

education, 2. teaching.

i=xa /ßik.ßa/ <ßi.kßa> fem. 1. teaching, 2.

education, 3. punishment.

i=ixka /ßik.ßi.ka/ <ßi.kßi.ka> fem. a

female teacher.

i=ixt /ßk.ßit/ <ßi.kßi.t\> adj. educated.

i=`r /ßi.k˙\r/ <ßi.kh\.r\> neut. a peak.

i=`&6 /ßi.k˙\¯Î/ <ßi.kh\.r\> masc. a

kind of sweet.

i=`a /ßi.k˙a/ <ßi.kha> fem. 1. a tuft, 2. a

pigtail, 3. a crest, 3. a flame of a lamp.

i=`aw /ßi.k˙a.u/ <ßi.kha.r\> adj.

learning.

i=`am8 /ßi.k˙a.m\¯/ <ßi.kha.m\.¯\>

fem. instruction.

i=i9l /ßi.t˙il/ <ßi.thi.l\> adj. loose.

i=ibr /ßi.bir/ <ßi.bi.r\> masc. 1. a tent,

2. a camp.

i=yaX /ßi.jaÆ/ <ßi.ja.Æ\> neut. a fox.

i=yaXu& /ßi.ja.Æu~/ <ßi.ja.Æu~> adj. grown or

produced in winter.

i=yaXo /ßi.ja.Æo/ <ßi.ja.Æo> masc. winter.

i=r /ßir/ <ßi.r\> neut. the head.

i=ra /ßi.ra/ <ßi.ra> fem. a bllod-vessel.

i=la /ßi.la/ <ßi.la> fem. a slab of stone.

i=Lp /ßil.p\/ <ßi.lp\> neut. a sculpture.

i=Lp=aS{a /ßil.p\.ßas.tr\/ <ßi.lp\.ßa.str\>

neut. architecture.

i=Lp=aS{aI /ßil.p\.ßas.tri/ <ßi.lp\.ßa.strii>

masc. an architect.

i=LpI /ßil.pi/ <ßi.lpii> masc. a sculptor.

i=vra{aI /ßiv.rat.ri/ <ßi.v\.ra.trii> fem.

the night of Lord Shiva’s festival.

i=i=r /ßi.ßir/ <ßi.ßi.r\> fem. the later half

of winter.

i==u /ßi.ßu/ <ßi.ßu> neut. 1. a child, 2. an

infant.

i=¿n /ßiß.n\/<ßi.ßn\> masc. the penis.

i=Q4acar /ßiß.ta.car/ <ßi.s°ˇa.ca.r\> masc.

politeness.

i=Qy /ßiß.j\/ <ßi.s°j\> masc. 1. a male

student, 2. a male disciple.

i=Qya /ßiß.ja/ <ßi.s°ja> fem. 1. a female

student, 2. a female disciple.

i=St /ßis.t\/ <ßi.st\> fem. discipline.

i=&g /ßi˜g/ <ßi~.g\> fem. a pod.

i=&g6u& /ßi˜g.Îu~/ <ßi~.g\.Îu~> neut. a horn.

=I` /ßik˙/ <ßii.kh\> fem. advice.

=I` /ßik˙/ <ßii.kh\> masc. a community

so named.

=I`vu& /ßik˙.vu~/ <ßii.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

learn.

204

=ItXa /ßit.Æa/ <ßii.t\.Æa> fem. smallpox.

(honorific)

=Iro /ßi.ro/ masc. <ßii.ro> a kind of

sweet.

=I=I /ßi.ßi/ fem. <ßii.ßii> a small bottle.

=I=o /ßi.ßo/ masc. <ßii.ßo> a big bottle.

=IXva /ßiÆ.va/ <ßii.Æ\.va> masc. pl. a kind

of skin disease.

=ukn /ßu.k\n/ <ßu.k\.n\> masc. hon. an

omen.

=uk/var /ßuk.r\.var/ <ßu.kr\.va.r\> masc.

Friday.

=u)0 /ßud˙.d˙\/ <ßu.dhdh\> adj. 1.

clean, 2. pure.

=ui)0 /ßud˙.d˙i/ <ßu.dhdhi> fem.

purification.

=u- /ßub˙/ <ßu.bh\> adj. auspicious.

=u-eC2k /ßu.b˙ec.c˙\k/ <ßu.bhe.cch\.k\>

adj. a well-wisher.

=u-eC2a /ßu.b˙ec.c˙a/ <ßu.bhe.ccha> fem.

a well-wishing.

=UNy /ßun.j\/ <ßuu.nj\> neut. 1. zero, 2.

nothingness.

=UrvIr /ßur.vir/ <ßuu.r\.vii.r\> masc. a

brave person.

=UX /ßuÆ/ <ßuu.Æ\> fem. dry thorn.

=<&gar /ßru˜.gar/ <ßr≤u~.ga.r\> masc. 1.

decoration, 2. ornamentation.

=ekvu& /ßek.vu~/ <ße.k\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

bake, 2. to roast.

=e5 /ßeˇ˙/ <ße.ˇh\> masc. a master.

=e5a8I /ße.ˇ˙a.¯i/ <ße.ˇha.¯ii> fem. a

mistress.

=etr&@ /ßet.r\n.Ôi/ <ße.t\.r\~.Ôii> fem. a

carpet.

=er6I /ßer.Îi/ <ße.r\.Îii> fem. sugar-

cane.

=erI /ße.ri/ <ße.rii> fem. 1. a lane, 2. a

street.

=ero /ße.ro/ <ße.ro> masc. a remark.

=eq /ßeß/ <ße.s°\> adj. residual.

=Eil /ß\i.li/ <ß\i.li> fem. style.

=E=v /ß\i.ß\v/ <ß\i.ß\.v\> neut.

childhood.

=ok /ßok/ <ßo.k\> masc. melancholy.

=o` /ßok˙/ <ßo.kh\> masc. a hobby.

=o0 /ß˙od˙/ <ßo.dh\> fem. . search, 2.

inquiry.

=o-vu& /ßob˙.vu~/ <ßho.bh\.vu~> v.intr. to

look beautiful.

=o-a /ßo.b˙a/ <ßo.bha> fem. 1. beauty,

2. charm.

+yam /ßjam/ <ßja.m\> adj. black.

205

+yam /ßjam/ <ßja.m\> masc. The Lord

Krishna.

[a)0a /ßr\d.d˙a/ <ßr\.dhdha> fem. 1.

trust, 2. faith, .3 belief.

[a)0aXu& /ßr\d.d˙a.Æu~/ <ßr\.dhdha.Æu~> adj.

devotional.

[av8 /ßr\.v\¯/ <ßr\.v\.¯\> neut. an act

of hearing.

[aav8 /ßra.v\¯/ <ßra.v\.¯\> masc. the

tenth month of a Vikram year.

[aI /ßri/ <ßrii> masc. an auspicious word

used in the beginning of a writing.

[aeiQ5 /ßreß.ˇ˙i/ <ßre.s°ˇhi> masc. a great

merchant.

[aota /ßro.ta/ <ßro.ta> adj. 1. a hearer, 2.

a listener.

¿lok /ßlo.ka/ <ßlo.k\> masc. a stanza.

¿van /ßva.na/ <ßva.n\> masc. a dog.

¿vas /ßva.s\/ <ßva.s\> masc. breathing.

¿vet /ßve.ta/ <ßve.t\> adj. white.

q4\kmR /ß\ˇ.k\r.m\/ <s°\.ˇ.k\.rm\> masc.

pl. the six duties of Brahmins.

q4\ko8 /ß\ˇ.ko¯/ <s°\.t.ko.¯\> masc.

hexagonal.

q4\pd /ß\ˇ.p\d/ <s°\.t.p\.d\> adj. six

footed.

q6\d=Rn /ß\Î.d\r.ß\n/ <s°\. [.d\.rß\.n\>

neut. pl. the six different systems of

Vedic philosophy.

qiQ4 /ß\ß.ˇi/ <s°\.s°ˇi> adj. sixty.

s: /s\i/ <s\.ii> masc. a tailor

skmRk /s\.k\r.m\k/ <s\.k\.rm\.k\> adj.

a transitive verb.

skX /s\.k\Æ/ <s\.k\.Æ\> adj. fortunate.

sk&jo /s\.k\µ.Ôo/ <s\.k\~.Ôo> masc. 1. a

gripping machine, 2. a grip.

sik/y/s\k.ri.j\/ <s\.kri.j\> adj. active.

s`8u& /s\k˙.¯u~/ <s\.kh\.¯u~> adj. 1.

quiet, 2. tranquil.

s`X6`X /s\.k˙\Æ.Î\.k˙\Æ/

<s\.kh\.Æ\.Î\.kh\.Æ\> adj. loose.

s`avt /s\.k˙a.v\t/ <s\.kha.v\.t\> fem.

donation.

s`I /s\.k˙i/ <s\.khi> fem. a female

friend.

s`ed /s\.k˙ed/ <s\.khe.d\> advb. sadly.

s~t /s\k˙.t\/ <s\.kht\> adj. hard.

s~ta: /s\k˙.ta.i/ <s\.khta.ii> fem.

hardness.

206

sg6 /s\.g\Î/ <s\.g\.Î\> masc. 1. foot-

prints etc. 2. traces.

sgp8 /s\g.p\¯/ <s\.g\.Î\> neut.

relation.

sg-aR /s\.g\r.b˙a/ <s\.g\.rbha> fem.

pregnant.

sgv6 /s\g.v\Î/ <s\.g\.v\.Î\> fem. 1.

provision, 2. comfort.

sgIr /s\.gir/ <s\.gii.r\> adj. minor

(age)

sgu8 /s\.gu¯/ adj. <s\.gu.¯\> 1.

attributes, 2. qualities.

sgu&vhalu& /s\.gu~.v\.ha.lu~/

<s\.gu~.v\.ha.lu~> neut. relative.

sgu&s&b&0I /s\.gu.s\m.b\n.d˙i/

<s\.gu~.s\~.b\~.dhii> neut. relatives etc.

sgo{a /s\.got.r\/ <s\.go.tr\> adj.

having a common ancestor.

s3n /s\.g˙\n/ <s\.gh\.n\> adj. 1.

dense, 2. solid.

s3Xu& /s\g˙.Æu~/ <s\.gh\.Æu~> adj. entire.

sic{a /s\.cit.r\/ <s\.ci.tr\> adj.

illustrated.

sco4 /s\.coˇ/ <s\.co.ˇ\> adj. unfailing.

sCca: /s\c.cai/ <s\.cca.ii> fem. honesty.

sjnI /s\Ô.ni/ <s\.Ô\.nii> fem. a female

friend.

sjvu& /s\Ô.vu~/ <s\.Ô\.vu~> v.tr. to put on

clothes, ornaments.

sja /s\.Ôa/ <s\.Ôa> fem. punishment.

sjatIy /s\.Ôa.ti.j\/ <s\.Ôa.tii.j\> adj. of

the same sex.

sjav4 /s\.Ôa.v\ˇ/ <s\.Ôa.v\.ˇ\> fem.

decoration.

s@v /s\.Ôiv/ <s\.Ôii.v\> adj. animate.

s@vn /s\.Ôi.v\n/ <s\.Ôii.v\.n\> adj.

living.

sjj /s\Ô.Ô\/ <s\.ÔÔ\> adj. equipped.

sjjn /s\Ô.Ô\n/ <s\.ÔÔ\.n\> masc. a

gentleman.

s4Ik /s\.ˇik/ <s\.ˇii.k\> adj. with

commentary.

s4oi6yo /s\.ˇo.Îi.jo/ <s\.ˇo.Îi.jo> masc.

a speculator.

s4os4 /s\.ˇo.s\ˇ/ <s\.ˇo.s\.ˇ\> advb.

repeatedly.

s4\4o /s\ˇ.ˇo/ <s\.ˇˇo> masc. a risky

transaction in forward market.

s6k /s\.Î\k/ <s\.Î\.k\> adj.

wonderstruck.

s6k /s\.Î\k/ <s\.Î\.k\> fem. a well-

built road.

s6vu& /s\Î.vu~/ <s\.Î\.vu~> v.intr. to rot.

s6s5 /s\Î.s\ˇ˙/ <s\.Î\.s\.ˇh\> adj.

sixty seven.

207

s6s6a4 /s\Î.s\.Îaˇ/ <s\.Î\.s\.Îa.ˇ\>

advb. non-stop.

s6o /s\.Îo/ <s\.Îo> masc. 1. rot, .2

moral degeneration.

s7 /s\Î˙/ <s\.Îh\> masc. a ship’s sail.

s8ko /s\¯.ko/ <s\.¯\.ko> masc. a

shooting pain.

stt /s\.t\t/ <s\.t\.t\> advb. non-stop.

stam8I /s\.ta.m\.¯i/ <s\.ta.m\.¯ii>

fem. 1. harassment, 2. teasing.

stej /s\.teÔ/ <s\.te.Ô\> adj. shining

brightly.

sTkmR /s\t.k\r.m\/ <s\.tk\.rm\> neut. a

benevolent work.

sTkar /s\t.kar/ <s\.tka.r\> masc. 1.

welcome, 2. reception.

sTkarvu& /s\t.kar.vu~/ <s\.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to welcome.

s]ar /s\t.t\r/ <s\.tt\.r\> adj. seventeen.

s]aa /s\t.ta/ <s\.tta> fem. 1. authority,

2. power.

s]aavar /s\t.ta.var/ <s\.tta.va.r\> adj. 1.

officially, 2. authentic.

s]aa8u& /s\t.ta.¯u~/ <s\.tta.¯u~> adj. ninety

seven.

s]aavn /s\t.ta.v\n/ <s\.tta.v\.n\> adj.

fifty seven.

s]aavIs /s\t.ta.vis/ <s\.tta.vi.s\> adj.

twenty seven.

s]v /s\t.v\/ <s\.tv\> neut. essence.

sTpuruq /s\t.pu.ruß/ <s> masc. a virtuous

man.

sTy /s\t.j\/ <s\.tj\> neut. truth.

sTy /s\t.j\/ <s\.tj\> adj. true.

sTyvadI /s\.tj\va.di/ <s\.tj\.va.dii> adj.

truthful.

sTyag/h /s\.tja.gr\h/ <s\.tja.gr\.h\>

masc. insistence on truth or

righteousness.

sTyana= /s\.tja.naß/ <s\.tja.na.ß\> neut.

annihilation.

sTs&g /s\t.s\˜g/ <s\.ts\~.g\> masc.

company of saints.

sd&tr /s\.d\n.t\r/ <s\.d\~.t\.r\> advb.

absolutely.

sda /s\.da/ <s\.da> advb. always.

sdakaX /s\.da.kaÆ/ <s\.da.ka.Æ\> advb.

forever.

sdacr8 /s\.da.c\.r\¯/ <s\.da.c\.r\.¯\>

neut. moral conduct.

sdacar /s\.da.car/ <s\.da.ca.r\> masc. a

moral conduct.

sdI /s\.di/ <s\.dii> fem. a century.

sd\gt /s\d.g\t/ <s\d.g\.t\> adj. having

attained salvation.

208

sd\git /s\d.g\.ti/ <s\d.g\.ti> fem.

salvation.

sd\gu8 /s\d.gu¯/ <s\d.gu.¯\> masc. a

virtue.

sd\g<hS9 /s\d.gru.h\s.t˙\/

<s\d.gr≤u.h\.sth\> masc. a gentleman.

sd\bui)0 /s\d.bud.d˙i/ <s\d.bu.dhdhi>

fem. constructive understanding.

sd\-agI /s\d.b˙a.gi/ <s\d.bha.gii> adj.

fortunate.

sd\-aGy /s\d.b˙a.gj\/ <s\d.bha.gj\>

neut. good fortunate.

sd\-av /s\d.b˙av/ <s\d.bha.v\> masc.

constructive sentiment.

sd\v<i]a /s\d.vrut.ti/ <s\d.vru≤.tti> fem.

constructive intention.

s)0r /s\d˙.d˙\r/ <s\.dhdh\.r\> adj.

wealthy.

snm /s\.n\m/ <s\.n\.m\> fem. a

sweetheart.

snsna4I /s\n.s\.na.ˇi/ <s\.n\.s\.na.ˇii>

fem. 1. a widespread feeling of dismay,

2. a thrill.

snatn /s\.na.t\n/ <s\.na.t\.n\> adj.

eternal.

snepat /s\.ne.pat/ <s\.ne.pa.t\> masc.

delirious fever.

sNman /s\n.man/ <s\.nma.n\> neut. 1.

reception, 2. honor.

sNmagR /s\n.marg/ <s\.nma.rg\> masc.

a moral path.

siNm{a /s\n.mit.r\/ <s\.nmi.tr\> masc.

a virtuous friend.

sp6avvu& /s\p.Îav.vu~/ <s\.p\.Îa.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to entrap.

spnu& /s\p.nu~/ <s\.p\.nu~> neut. a

dream.

sprmu& /s\.p\r.mu~/ <s\.p\.r\.mu~> adj.

auspicious.

spa4 /s\.paˇ/ <s\.pa.ˇ\> adj. flat.

spa4ab&0 /s\.pa.ˇa.b\nd˙/

<s\.pa.ˇa.b\~.dh\> advb. 1. at once, 2.

promptly.

spa4I /s\.pa.ˇi/ <s\.pa.ˇii> fem. surface.

spUcu& /s\.pu.cu~./ <s\.puu.cu~> adj.

entire.

spUt /s\.put/ <s\.puu.t\> masc. a

virtuous son.

sPtko8 /s\p.t\.kø¯/ <s\.pt\.ko.¯\>

masc. a heptagon.

sPtah /s\p.tah/ <s\.pta.h\> neut. a

week.

sp/ma8 /s\.pr\.ma¯/ <s\.pr\.ma.¯\>

adj. with proof.

sp/ma8 /s\.pr\.ma¯/ <s\.pr\.ma.¯\>

advb. proportion.

sp/em /s\.prem/ <s\.pre.m\> advb.

lovingly.

209

sfr /s\.p˙\r/ <s\.ph\.r\> fem. 1. a

travel, 2. a journey.

sfrjn /s\.p˙\r.Ô\n/ <s\.ph\.r\.Ô\.n\>

neut. an apple.

sfX /s\.p˙\Æ/ <s\.ph\.Æ\> adj. 1.

fruitful, 2. successful.

sfa: /s\.p˙a.i/ <s\.pha.ii> fem.

cleanliness.

sfac4 /s\.p˙a.c\ˇ/ <s\.pha.c\.ˇ\> advb.

totally used up.

sfaXu& /s\.p˙a.Æu~/ <s\.pha.Æu~> adj.

stunned.

sfed /s\.p˙ed/ <s\.phe.d\> adj. white.

sbk /s\.b\k/ <s\.b\.k\> masc. a moral.

sb6ko /s\.b\Î.ko/ <s\.b\.Î\.ko> masc.

a sound made when eating a liquid food

with hand.

sb6vu& /s\.b\Î.vu~/ <s\.b\.Î\.vu~> v.intr.

to suffer for a long time.

sbX /s\.b\Æ/ <s\.b\.Æ\> adj. strong.

s-r /s\.b˙\r/ <s\.bh\.r\> adj. plenty.

s-a /s\.b˙a/ <s\.bha> fem. a meeting.

s-asd /s\.p˙a.sad/ <s\.bha.s\.d\>

masc. a member (of an association or

organization).

s_y /s\b˙.j\/ <s\.bhj\> masc. a

member (of an association or

organization).

s_y /s\b˙.j\/ <s\.bhj\> adj. polite.

sm /s\m/ <s\.m\> masc. an oath.

smx /s\.m\k.ß\/ <s\.m\.kß\> advb. in

the presence of.

smg/ /s\.m\g.r\/ <s\.m\.gr\> adj. 1.

whole, 2. entire.

smcors /s\m.co.r\s/ <s\.m\.co.r\.s\>

masc. a square.

smj /s\.m\Ô/ <s\.m\.Ô\> fem.

understanding.

smj8 /s\.m\.Ô\¯/ <s\.m\.Ô\.¯\> fem.

understanding.

smj8u& /s\.m\Ô.¯u~/ <s\.m\.Ô\.¯u~> adj.

wide.

smjvu& /s\.m\Ô.vu~/ <s\.m\.Ô\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to understand, 2. to comprehend.

smju /s\m.Ôu/ <s\.m\.Ôu> adj. wise.

smjUtI /s\m.Ôu.ti/ <s\.m\.Ôu.tii> fem. 1.

understanding, 2. compromise.

smtl /s\m.t\l/ <s\.m\.t\.l\> neut. an

even surface.

smtula /s\m.tu.la/ <s\.m\.tu.la> fem.

balance.

smtol /s\m.tol/ <s\.m\.to.l\> adj. of

equal weight.

smd=IR /s\m.d\r.ßi/ <s\.m\.d\.rßii> adj.

impartial.

210

sm±iQ4 /s\m.dr\ß.ˇi/ <s\.m\.dr\.s°ˇi>

adj. impartial.

sm-av /s\m.b˙av/ <s\.m\.bha.v\>

masc. impartiality.

smy /s\.m\j/ <s\.m\.j\> masc. time.

smysUck /s\.m\j.su.c\k/

<s\.m\.j\.suu.c\.k\> adj. sharp-

minded.

smysUckta /s\.m\j.su.c\k.ta/

<s\.m\.j\.suu.c\.k\.ta> fem. presence

of mind.

smrvu& /s\.m\r.vu~/ <s\.m\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to remember someone or something with

devotion.

sm£p /s\m.rup/ <s\.m\.ruu.p\> adj.

1. of the same form, 2. similar.

sm9R /s\.m\r.t˙\/ <s\.m\.rth\> adj.

powerful.

smpR8 /s\.m\r.p\¯/ <s\.m\.rp\.¯\>

neut. 1. an offering, 2. a surrendering, 3.

dedication.

smpRvu& /s\.m\r.p\.vu~/ <s\.m\.rp\.vu~>

v.tr. to offer, 2. to dedicate, .3 to

surrender.

smvySk /s\m.v\.j\s.k\/

<s\.m\.v\.j\.sk\> adj. of the same

age.

sm=er /s\m.ßer/ <s\.m\.ße.r\> fem. a

sword.

smSt /s\/m\s.t\/ <s\.m\.st\> adj. 1.

entire, 2. whole.

smSya /s\.m\s.ja/ <s\.m\.sja> fem. 1. a

riddle, 2. a puzzle.

smagm /s\.ma.g\m/ <s\.ma.g\.m\>

masc. 1. an act of meeting, 2. union.

smacar /s\.ma.car/ <s\.ma.ca.r\> masc.

news.

smacarp{a /s\.ma.car.p\t.r\/

<s\.ma.ca.r\.p\.tr\> neut. a

newspaper.

smaj /s\.maÔ/ <s\.ma.Ô\> masc. 1.

society, 2. an association.

smajvad /s\.maÔ.vad/ <s\.ma.Ô\.va.d\>

masc. socialism.

smaj=aS{a /s\.maÔ.ßaß.tr\/

<s\.ma.Ô\.ßa.ßtr\> neut. sociology.

smaj=aS{aI /s\/maÔ.ßaß.tri/

<s\.ma.Ô\.ßa.ßtrii> masc. a sociologist.

sma0an /s\/ma/d˙an/ <s\.ma.dha.n\>

neut. 1. compromise, 2 settlement.

smai0 /s\.ma.d˙i/ <s\.ma.dhi> fem. 1.

deep meditation, 2. a death of an ascetic,

3. a shrine, etc. constructed over the

spot where an ascetic’s corpse is buried.

sman /s\.man/ <s\.ma.n\> adj. 1.

similar, 2. equal.

smanta /s\.man.ta/ <s\.ma.n\.ta> fem.

1. similarity, 2. equality.

smapn /s\.ma.p\n/ <s\.ma.p\.n\> neut.

an act of completion.

211

smaPt /s\.map.t\/ <s\.ma.pt\> adj. 1.

completed, 2. finished.

smarvu& /s\.mar.vu~/ <s\.ma.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to repair.

smar&- /s\.ma.r\m.b˙\/ <s\.ma.r\~.bh\>

masc. a grand celebration.

smave= /s\.ma.veß/ <s\.ma.ve.ß\> masc.

1. accomodation, 2. inclusion.

smas /s\.mas/ <s\.ma.s\> masc. a

compound.

sma&tr /s\.ma~n.t\r/ <s\.ma~.t\.r\> adj.

parallel.

simit /s\.mi.ti/ <s\.mi.ti> fem. a

committee.

smIkr8 /s\.mi.k\.r\¯/ <s\.mii.k\.r\.¯\>

neut. equation.

smIxa /s\.mik.ßa/ <s\.mi.kßa> fem.

criticism.

smIp /s\.mip/ <s\.mii.p\> adj. 1. near,

2. close.

smIpta /s\.mip.ta/ <s\.mii.p\.ta> fem.

1. nearness, 2. proximity.

smIsa&j /s\.mi.sa~Ô/ <s\.mii.sa~.Ô\> fem.

the dusk.

smUict /s\.mu.cit/ <s\.muu.ci.t\> adj.

proper.

smuCcy /s\.muc.c\.j\/ <s\.muu.cc\.j\>

masc. a collection.

smUday /s\.mu.daj/ <s\.muu.da.j\>

masc. a group.

smu± /s\.mud.r\/ <s\.mu.dr\> masc. an

ocean.

sm<)0 /s\m.rud˙.d˙\/ <s\.mr≤.dhdh\>

adj. prosperious.

sm<i)0 /s\m.rud˙.d˙i/ <s\.mr≤.dhdhi>

fem. prosperity.

sme4vu& /s\.meˇ.vu~/ <s\.me.ˇ\.vu~> v.tr.

to wind up.

smov6u& /s\.mo.v\.Îu~/ <s\.mo.v\.Îu~>

adj. equal.

srk8u& /s\.r\k.¯u~/ <s\.r\.k\.¯u~> adj.

slippery.

srkvu& /s\.r\k.vu~/ <s\.r\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to slip, 2. to slide.

srkar /s\r.kar/ <s\.r\.ka.r\> fem.

government.

srkarI /s\r.ka.ri/ <s\.r\.ka.rii> adj.

governmental.

srko /s\r.ko/ <s\.r\.ko> masc. vinegar.

sr`am8I /s\r.k˙am.¯i/

<s\.r\.kha.m\.¯ii> fem. comparision.

sr`avvu& /s\r.k˙av.vu~/ <s\.r\.kha.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to compare.

sr`u& /s\r.k˙u~/ <s\.r\.khu~> adj. equal.

srgvo /s\r.g\.vo/ <s\.r\.g\.vo> masc.

a tree or its fruit like stick that can be

used as vegetable.

sr3s /s\r.g˙\s/ <s\.r\.gh\.s\> neut. a

procession.

212

srdar /s\r.dar/ <s\.r\.da.r\> masc. 1.

leader, 2. chief.

srdarI /s\r.da.ri/ <s\.r\.da.rii> fem.

leadership.

srnamu& /s\r.na.mu~/ <s\.r\.na.mu~> neut.

address.

srp&c /s\r.p\µc/ <s\.r\.p\~.c\> masc.

the president of a village assembly.

srpav /s\r.pav/ <s\.r\.pa.v\> masc. 1.

a gift, 2. an award.

sr-r /s\r.b˙\r/ <s\.r\.bh\.r\> adj. 1.

neither more nor less, 2. equal.

sr-ra /s\r.b˙\.ra/ <s\.r\.bh\.ra> fem.

hospitality.

srmu`TyarI /s\r.muk˙.tja.ri/

<s\.r\.mu.kh\.tja.rii> fem.

dictactorship.

srmu`Tyar=ahI /s\r.muk˙.tjar.ßa.hi/

<s\.r\.mu.kh\.tja.r\.ßa.hii> fem.

dictatorship.

srvaXo /s\r.va.Æo/ <s\.r\.va.Æo> masc.

1. addition, 2. total.

srvEyu& /s\r.v\i.ju~/ <s\.r\.v\i.ju~> neut. a

balance-sheet.

sri=yu& /s\.r\.ßi.ju~/ <s\.r\.ßi.ju~> neut.

rapeseed oil.

srs /s\.r\s/ <s\.r\.s\> adj. good.

srsaman /s\r.sa.man/ <s\.r\.sa.ma.n\>

masc. household things.

srhd /s\r.h\d/ <s\.r\.h\.d\> fem. 1.

frontier, 2. border.

srX /s\.r\Æ/ <s\.r\.Æ\> adj. easy.

srXta /s\.r\Æ.ta/ <s\.r\.Æ\.ta> fem.

simplicity.

sravvu& /s\.rav.vu~/ <s\.ra.v\.vu~> v.tr. to

offer food and other things om the death

anniversary of a relative.

srera= /s\.re.raß/ <s\.re.ra.ß\> fem.

average.

srera= /s\.re.raß/ <s\.re.ra.ß\> advb. on

an average.

sroj /s\.roÔ/ <s\.ro.Ô\> neut. lotus.

sroijnI /s\.ro.Ôi.ni/ <s\.ro.Ôi.nii> fem.

lotus plant.

srovr /s\.ro.v\r/ <s\.ro.v\.r\> neut.

lake.

sjRk /s\r.Ô\k/ <s\.rÔ\.k\> masc. creator.

sjRn /s\r.Ô\n/ <s\.rÔ\.n\> neut.

creation.

sjRnaTmk /s\r.Ô\.nat.m\k/

<s\.rÔ\.na.tm\.k\> adj. creative.

sjRvu& /s\rÔ.vu~/ <s\.rÔ\.vu~> v.tr. to

create.

svR /s\r.v\/ <s\.rv\> adj. all.

AvRkalIn /s\r.v\.ka.lin/

<s\.rva.ka.lii.n\> adj. eternal.

213

svRg/ahI /s\r.v\.gra.hi/ <s\.rva,gra.hii>

adj. comprehensive.

svR}a /s\r.v\g.n\/ <s\.rva.gn\> adj.

omniscient.

svR{a /s\r.v\t.r\/ <s\.rva.tr\> advb.

everywhere.

svRna= /s\r.v\.naß/ <s\.rv\.na.ß\> masc.

total destruction.

svRnam /s\r.v\.nam/ <s\.rv\.na.m\>

neut. pronoun.

svR-xI /s\r.v\.b˙k.ßi/ <s\.rv\.bh\.kßii>

adj. omnivorous.

svRmaNy /s\r.v\.man.j\/ <s\.rv\.ma.nj\>

adj. accepted by all.

svRVyapk /s\r.v\.vja.p\k/

<s\.rv\.vja.p\.k\> adj. omnipresent.

svR=iktman /s\r.v\.ß\k.ti.man/

<s\.rv\.ß\.kti.ma.n\> adj.

omnipotent.

svaRnumt /s\r.va.nu.m\t/

<s\.rva.nu.m\.t\> adj. unnimous.

svaRnumit /s\r.va.nu.m\.ti/

<s\.rva.nu.m\.ti> fem. unanimity.

svoRCc /s\r.vo.cc\/ <s\.rvo.cj\> adj.

highest.

sla4 /s\.laˇ/ <s\.la.ˇ\> masc. stone-

mason.

slam /s\.lam/ <s\.la.m\> fem.

salutation.

slamt /s\.la.m\t/ <s\.la.m\.t\> adj.

free from fear.

slamtI /s\.la.m\.ti/ <s\.la.m\.tii> fem,

safety.

slah /s\.lah/ <s\.la.h\> fem. advice.

slahkar /s\.lah.kar/ <s\.la.h\.ka.r\>

adj. advisor.

sv8R /s\.v\r.¯\/ <s\.v\.r¯\> adj.

higher caste people.

svlt /s\v.l\t/ <s\.v\.l\.t\> fem.

convenience.

svXu& /\s\v.Æu~/ <s\.v\.Æu~> adj.

clockwise.

sva /s\.va/ <s\.va> adj. one and a

quarter.

svayu& /s\.va.ju~/<s\.va.ju~> adj. superior.

svar /s\.var/ <s\.va.r\> fem. morning.

svarI /s\.va.ri/ <s\.va.rii> fem. a

passenger.

sval /s\.val/ <s\.va.l\> masc. 1.

question, 2. inquiry.

sivny /s\.vi.n\j/ <s\.vi.n\.j\> adj. 1.

courteous, 2. modest.

siv=eq /s\.vi.ßeß/ <s\.vi.ße.s°\> adj.

peculiar.

sivStr /s\.vis.t\r/ <s\.vi.st\.r\> adj. 1.

detailed, 2. extensive.

214

sveXa /s\.ve.Æa/ <s\.ve.Æa> advb. in

time.

s=kt /s\.ß\k.t\/ <s\.ß\.kt\> adj.

strong.

ssro /s\s.ro/ <s\.s\.ro> masc. father-

in-law.

sslu& /s\s.lu~/ <s\.s\.lu~> neut. 1. rabbit,

2. hare.

sStu& /s\s.tu~/ <s\.stu~> adj. cheap.

sSneh /s\.sneh/ <s\.sne.h\> adj. with

love.

sh /s\h/ <s\.h\> advb. with.

shkar /s\h.kar/ <s\.h\.ka.r\> masc. co-

operation.

shkarI /s\h.ka.ri/ <s\.h\.ka.rii> adj.

co-operative.

shj /s\.h\Ô/ <s\.h\.Ô\> adj. 1. innate,

2. natural.

shjan&d /s\h.Ôa.n\nd/ <s\.h\.Ôa.n\~.d\>

masc. bliss natural to the soul.

shn /s\.h\n/ <s\.h\.n\> neut.

suffering.

sh-agI /s\h.b˙a.gi/ <s\.h\.bha.gii> adj.

partner.

shmt /s\h.m\t/ <s\.h\.m\.t\> adj.

agreeing with.

shmit /s\h.m\.ti/ <s\.h\.m\.ti> fem.

agreement.

shyog /s\h.jog/ <s\.h\.jo.g\> masc. co-

operation.

shi=x8 /s\h.ßik.ß\¯/ <s\.h\.ßi.kß\.¯\>

neut. co-education.

shsa /s\h.sa/ <s\.h\.sa> advb.

suddenly.

shanu-av /s\.ha.nu.b˙av/

<s\.ha.nu.bha.v\> masc. sympathy.

shanu-Uit /s\.ha.nu.b˙u.ti/

<s\.ha.nu.bhuu.ti> fem. sympathy.

shay /s\.haj/ <s\.ha.j\> fem. help.

sihyr /s\.hi.j\r/ <s\.hi.j\.r\> fem.

female friend (of a female)

sihyaru& /s\.hi.ja.ru~/ <s\.hi.ja.ru~> adj.

jointly owned.

sihQ8u /s\.hiß.¯u/ <s\.hi.s°¯u> adj.

tolerant.

sihQ8uta /s\.hiß.¯u.ta/ <s\.hi.s°¯u.ta>

fem. tolerance.

shI /s\.hi/ <s\.hii> fem. signature.

shej /s\.heÔ/ <s\.he.Ô\> adj. a little.

shetuk /s\.he.tuk/ <s\.he.t\.k\> adj.

intentional.

shel /s\.hel/ <s\.he.l\> fem. a pleasure-

trip.

shelu& /s\.he.lu~/ <s\.he.lu~> adj. easy.

shodr /s\.ho.d\r/ <s\.ho.d\.r\> adj.

brother (born of the same mother).

215

s¬ /s\h.j\/ <s\.hj\> adj. endurable.

sX /s\Æ/ <s\.Æ\> fem. wrinkle (on bed

shit etc.)

sXgvu& /s\.Æ\g.vu~/ <s\.Æ\.g\.vu~> v.intr.

to burn.

sXvXvu& /s\Æ.v\Æ.vu~/ <s\.Æ\.v\.Æ\.vu~>

v.intr. to move slowly.

sX&g /s\.Æ\˜g/ <s\.Æ\~.g\> adj.

unbroken.

siXyo /s\.Æi.jo/ <s\.Æi.jo> masc. rod or

bar (of metal).

sXI /s\.Æi/ <s\.Æii> fem. a thin round

stick.

sXe`m /s\.Æe.k˙\m/ <s\.Æe.kh\.m\> fem.

cold.

s&k4 /s\˜.k\ˇ/ <s\~.k\.ˇ\> neut. misery.

s&k6am8 /s\˜k.Îa.m\¯/

<s\~.k\.Îa.m\.¯\> fem. crowdedness.

s&kln /s\˜.k\.l\n/ <s\~.k\.l\.n\> neut.

collection.

s&kLp /s\˜.k\l.p\/ <s\~.k\.lp\> masc.

determination.

s&kLp=ikt /s\˜.k\l.p\.ß\k.ti/

<s\~.k\.lp\.ß\.kti> fem. will-power.

s&kXavu& /s\˜k.Æa.vu~/ <s\~.k\.Æa.vu~> v.intr.

to be associated with.

s&kuict /s\˜.ku.cit/ <s\~.ku.ci.t\> adj.

narrow (minded).

s&kul /s\˜.kul/ <s\~.ku.l\> adj. complex.

s&ket /s\˜.ket/ <s\~.ke.t\> masc. 1. sign,

2. gesture.

s&kelvu& /s\˜.kel.vu~/ <s\~.ke.l\.vu~> v.intr.

to wind up.

s&koc /s\˜.koc/ <s\~.ko.c\> masc.

contraction.

s&kocvu& /s\˜.koc.vu~/ <s\~.ko.c\.vu~>

v.intr. to contract.

s&korvu& /s\˜.kor.vu~/ <s\.ko.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to ignite.

s&ixPt /s\˜.kßip.t\/ <s\~.kßi.pt\> adj.

abridged.

s&~ya /s\˜.k˙ja/ <s\~.khja> fem. 1.

number, 2. figure.

s&~yab&0 /s\˜.k˙ja.b\nd˙/

<s\~.khja.b\~.dh\> adj. numerous.

s&g /s\˜g/ <s\~.g\> masc. association.

s&g5n /s\˜.g\.ˇ˙\n/ <s\~.g\.ˇh\.n\> neut.

1. association, 2. organization.

s&gm /s\˜.g\m/ <s\~.g\.m\> masc.

meeting.

s&ga9 /s\˜.gat˙/ <s\~.ga.th\> masc.

company (in travel).

s&gIt /s\˜.git/ <s\~.gii.t\> neut. music.

s&gIn /s\˜.gin/ <s\~.gii.n\> adj. 1. solid,

2. durable.

216

s&gemrmr /s\˜.ge.m\r.m\r/

<s\~.ge.m\.r\.m\.r\> masc. marble.

s&g/h /s\˜.gr\h/ <s\~.gr\.h\> masc. 1.

collection, 2. hoard.

s&g/h`or /s\˜.gr\h.k˙or/

<s\~.gr\.h\.kho.r\> adj. hoarder.

s&g/h`orI /s\˜.gr\h.k˙o.ri/

<s\~.gr\.h\.kho.rii> fem. hoarding.

s&g/hvu& /s\˜.gr\h.vu~/ <s\~.gr\.h\.vu~>

v.tr. to collect.

s&g/hS9an /s\˜.gr\h.st˙an/

<s\~.gr\.h\.stha.n\> neut. museum.

s&3 /s\˜.g\/ <s\~.gh\> masc. 1. group of

pilgrims, 2. association, 3. union.

s&3rvu& /s\˜.g\r.vu~/ <s\~.gh\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to collect, 2. to hoard.

s&3qR /s\m.g˙\rß/ <s\~.gh\.rs°\> masc. 1.

clash, 2. conflict.

s&calk /s\µ.ca.l\k/ <s\~.ca.l\.k\> masc.

manager (male).

s&cailka /s\µ.ca.li.ka/ <s\~.ca.li.ka> fem.

manager (female).

s&caln /s\µ.ca.l\n/ <s\~.ca.l\.n\> neut.

management.

s&co /s\µ.co/ <s\~.co> masc. machine.

s&jog /s\µ.Ôog/ <s\~.Ôo.g\> masc.

meeting.

s&}aa /s\˜.gna/ <s\~.gna> fem. sign.

s&}aavack /s\˜.gna.va.c\k/

<s\.gna.va.c\.k\> adj. proper noun.

s&6as /s\¯.Îas/ <s\~.Îa.s\> neut. latrine.

s&6ovvu& /s\¯.Îov.vu~/ <s\~.Îo,v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to involve, 2. to implicate.

s&t /s\nt/ <s\~.t\> masc. saint.

s&tva8I /s\nt.va.¯i/ <s\~.t\.va.¯i> fem.

teaching of saints.

s&tru /s\nt.ru~/ <s\~.t\.ru> neut. orange.

s&takUk6I /s\n.ta.kuk.Îi/ <s\~.ta.ku.k\.Îii>

fem. a game of hide and seek.

s&ta6vu& /s\n.taÎ.vu~/ <s\~.ta.Î\.vu~> v.tr.

to hide.

s&tan /s\n.tan/ <s\~.ta.n\> neut.

offspring.

s&tap /s\n.tap/ <s\~.ta.p\> masc. 1.

distress, 3. misery.

s&tavu& /s\n.ta.vu~/ <s\~.ta.vu~> v.intr. to

hide (oneself).

s&tuln /s\n.tu.l\n/ <s\~.tu.l\.n\> neut.

balance.

s&toq /s\n.toß/ <s\~.to.s°\> masc.

satisfaction.

s&toqkark /s\n.toß.ka.r\k/

<s\~.to.s°\.ka.r\.k\> adj. satisfactory.

s&toqI /s\n.to.ßi/ <s\~.to.s°ii> adj. having

happy disposition.

s&d-R /s\n.d\rb˙/ <s\~.d\.rbh\> masc. 1.

context, 2. reference.

217

s&idG0 /s\n.dig.d˙\/ <s\~.di.gdh\> adj.

doubtful.

s&de= /s\n.deß/ <s\~.de.ß\> masc.

message.

s&de=vahk /s\n.deß.va.h\k/

<s\~.de.ß\.va.h\.k\> adj. 1. messenger,

2. courier.

s&deh /s\n.deh/ <s\~.de.h\> masc. 1.

doubt, 2. suspicion.

s&i0 /s\n.d˙i/ <s\~.dhi> fem. 1. a joint, 2.

conjunction, 3. treaty, 4. euphonic

coalition of sounds (in grammar).

s&i0kaX /s\n.d˙i.kaÆ/ <s\~.dhi.ka.Æ\>

masc. period of transition.

s&)ya /s\n.d˙ja/ <s\~.dhja> fem. 1.

evening, 2. evening prayer.

s&inpat /s\n.ni.pat/ <s\~.ni.pa.t\> masc.

delirium.

s&inQ5 /s\n.nißˇ˙/ <s\~.ni.s°ˇh\> adj. 1.

honest, 2. devoted.

s&inQ5a /s\n.niß.ˇ˙a/ <s\~.ni.s°ˇha> fem. 1.

honesty, 2. devotion.

s&Nyas /s\m.njas/ <s\~.nja.s\> masc.

asceticism.

s&NyasI /s\m.ja.si/ <s\~.nja.sii> masc.

hermit.

s&p /s\mp/ <s\~.p\> masc. unity.

s&pi]a /s\m.p\.tti/ <s\~.p\.tti> fem.

wealth.

s&pkR /s\m.p\rk/ <s\~.p\.rk\> masc.

contact.

s&padk /s\m.pa.d\k/ <s\~.pa.d\.k\>

masc. editor.

s&padkIy /s\m.pa.d\.ki.j\/

<s\~.pa.d\.kii.j\> adj. editorial.

s&padn /s\m.pa.d\n/ <s\~.pa.d\.n\>

neut. 1. editing, .2 acquiring.

s&pU8R /s\m.pur.¯\/ <s\~.puu.r¯\> adj.

1. entire, 2. whole.

s&p/day /s\m.pr\.daj/ <s\~.pr\.da.j\>

masc. 1. a religious sect, 2. a cult.

s&b&0 /s\m.b\n.d˙\/ <s\~.b\~.dh\> masc.

relation.

s&b&0I /s\m.b\n.d˙i/ <s\~.b\~.dhii> adj. 1.

related, 2. relative.

s&bo0vu& /s\m.bod˙.vu~/ <s\~.bo.dh\.vu~>

v.tr. to address.

s&-v /s\m.b˙\v/ <s\~.bh\.v\> masc.

likelihood.

s&-Xavvu& /s\mb˙.Æav.vu~/

<s\~.bh\.Æa.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to make

someone hear, 2. to speak in insulting

manner.

s&-arvu& /s\m.b˙ar.vu~/ <s\~.bha.r\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to remember, 2. to recollect.

s&-avna /s\m.b˙av.na/ <s\~.bha.v\.na>

fem. probability.

s&-aX /s\m.b˙aÆ/ <s\~.bha.Æ\> fem. care.

218

s&-og /s\m.b˙og/ <s\~.bho.g\> masc.

sexual intercourse.

s&mt /s\m.m\t/ <s\~.m\.t\> adj. agreed.

s&mit /s\m.m\.ti/ <s\~.m\.ti> fem. 1.

approval, 2. agreement.

s&meln /s\m.me.l\n/ <s\~.me.l\.n\> neut.

gathering.

s&ym /s\i~.j\m/ <s\~.j\.m\> masc. 1.

restraint, 2. control.

s&yukt /s\m.juk.t\/ <s\~.ju.kt\> adj. 1.

joined, 2. united.

s&yog /s\m.jog/ <s\~.jo.g\> masc. 1.

union, 2. meeting.

s&yojk /s\m.jo.Ô\k/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.k\> adj.

uniting.

s&yojk /s\m.jo.Ô\k/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.k\> masc.

organizer.

s&yojn /s\m.jo.Ô\n/ <s\~.jo.Ô\.n\> neut.

the act of joining.

s&rxk /s\m.r\k.ß\k/ <s\~.r\.kß\.k\> adj.

protector.

s&rx8 /s\m.r\k.ß\¯/ <s\~.r\.kß\.¯\>

neut. protection.

s&vt /s\m.v\t/ <s\~.v\.t\> masc. the

Vikram era that begun in 56 B.C.

s&vTsrI /s\m.v\t.s\.ri/ <s\~.v\.ts\.rii>

fem. death anniversary.

s&vnn /s\m.v\.n\n/ <s\~.v\.n\.n\> neut.

1. wooing, 2. courting.

s&vad /s\m.vad/ <s\~.va.d\> masc.

conversation.

s&vaidta /s\m.va.di.ta/ <s\~.va.di.ta> fem.

harmony.

s&vadI /s\m.va.di/ <s\~.va.dii> adj.

harmonious.

s&vedn /s\m.ve.d\n/ <s\~.ve.d\.n\> neut.

sensation.

s&=y /s\m.ß\j/ <s\~.ß\.j\> masc.

suspicion.

s&=o0k /s\m.ßo.d˙\k/ <s\~.ßo.dh\.k\>

adj. researcher.

s&=o0n /s\m.ßo.d˙\n/ <s\~.ßo.dh\.n\>

neut. 1. research, 2. purification.

s&=oi0t /s\m.ßo.d˙it/ <s\~.ßo.dhi.t\> adj.

1. purified, 2. searched out.

s&sgR /s\m.s\rg/ <s\~.s\.rg\> masc. 1.

contact, 2. association.

s&sar /s\m.sar/ <s\~.sa.r\> masc. 1. the

universe, 2. the world.

s&sarI /s\m.sa.ri/ <s\~.sa.rii> adj.

worldly.

s&Skar /s\m.skar/ <s\~.ska.r\> masc.

purification.

s&SkarIta /s\m.sa.ri.ta/ <s\~.ska.rii.ta>

fem. civility.

s&Sk<t /s\m.skut/ <s\~.skr≤.t\> fem.

Sanskrit language.

s&Sk<it /s\m.skru.ti/ <s\~.skr≤.ti> fem.

civilization.

219

s&S9a /s\ß.t˙a/ <s\~.stha> fem. institution.

s&S9apk /s\m.st˙a.p\k/ <s\~.stha.p\.k\>

adj. founder.

s&har /s\m.har/ <s\~.ha.r\> masc.

destruction.

sakr /sa.k\r/ <sa.k\.r\> fem. suger.

saxr /sak.ß\r/ <sa.kß\.r\> adj. 1.

literate, 2. learned.

saxat\ /sak.ßat/ <sa.kßa.t> advb. in

physical presence.

saxaTkar /sak.ßat.kar/ <sa.kßa.tka.r\>

masc. 1. devine realization, 2. spiritual

perception.

saxI /sak.ßi/ <sa.kßii> fem. testimony.

saxI /sak.ßi/ <sa.kßii> masc. eye-

witness.

sag /sag/ <sa.g\> masc. 1. teak-tree, 2.

teak-wood.

sagr /sa.g\r/ <sa.g\.r\> masc. ocean.

sacvvu& /sa.c\v.vu~/ <sa.c\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .

to take care of, 2. to preserve.

sacu& /sa.cu~/ <sa.cu~> adj. 1. true, 2.

right.

saju& /sa.Ôu~/ <sa.Ôu~> adj. healthy.

sa4u& /sa.ˇu~/ <sa.ˇu~> neut. bargain.

sa4e /sa.ˇe/ <sa.ˇe> postp. in exchange.

sa6{aIs /sa.Î\t.ris/ <sa.Î\.trii.s\> adj.

thirty-seven.

sa6lo /saÎ.lo/ <sa.Î\.lo> masc. sari.

sa6I /sa.Îi/ <sa.Îii> fem. sari.

sa6asatI /sa.Îa.sa.ti/ <sa.Îa.sa.tii> fem.

malicious influence of Saturn that

remains over a period of seven years.

sa7u /sa.Î˙u/ <sa.Îhu> masc. husband

of wife’s sister.

sa8sI /sa¯.si/ <sa.¯\.sii> fem. pair of

pincers.

sat /sat/ <sa.t\> adj. seven.

satTy /sa.t\t.j\/ <sa.t\.tj\> neut.

continuity.

satm /sa.t\m/ <sa.t\.m\> fem. seventh

day of a lunar fortnight.

satmu& /sat.mu~/ <sa.t\.mu~> adj. seventh.

sa9 /sat˙/ <sa.th\> masc. company.

sa9X /sa.t˙\Æ/ <sa.th\.Æ\> fem. thigh.

sai9yo /sa.t˙i.jo/ <sa.ˇhi.jo> masc.

auspicious figure of Swastik.

sa9I /sa.t˙i/ <sa.kßii> masc. companion.

sa9Idar /sa.t˙i.dar/ <sa.thii.da.r\> masc.

companion.

sad /sad/ <sa.d\> masc. 1. voice, 2.

shout.

220

sadgI /sad.gi/ <sa.d\.gii> fem.

simplicity.

sadr /sa.d\r/ <sa.d\.r\> advb.

respectfully.

sada: /sa.da.i/ <sa.da.ii> fem.

simplicity.

sadu& /sa.du~/ <sa.du~> adj. 1. simple, .2

plain.

sa0k /sa.d˙\k/ <sa.dh\.k\> masc.

spiritual discipline.

sa0n /sa.d˙\n/ <sa.dh\.n\> neut. 1.

tool, .2 instrument.

sa0ns&pNn /sa.d˙\n.sam.p\n.n\/

<sa.dh\.n\.s\~.p\.nn\> adj. possessing

sufficient resources.

sa0na /sad˙.na/ <sa.dh\.na> fem.

spiritual practice.

sa0vu& /sad˙.vu~/ <sa.dh\.vu~> v.tr. to

undergo a spiritual practice.

sa0ar8 /sa.d˙a.r\¯/ <sa.dha.r\.¯\> adj.

1. ordinary, 2. common.

sa0u /sa.d˙u/ <sa.dhu> adj. good.

sa0u /sa.d˙u/ <sa.dhu> masc. 1. ascetic,

2. hermit.

sa)vI /sad˙.vi/ <sa.dhvii> fem. 1. a

female ascetic, 2. a female hermit.

san /san/ <sa.n\> fem. . sign, 2. sense.

sanukUX /sa.nu.kuÆ/ <sa.nu.kuu.Æ\> adj.

favorable.

sap /sap/ <sa.p\> masc. a male serpent.

sap8 /sa.p\¯/ <sa.p\.¯\> fem. a female

serpent.

sapex /sa.pek.ß\/ <sa.pe.kß\> adj.

relative.

sapoilyu& /sa.po.li.ju~/ <sa.po.li.ju~> neut.

young serpent.

saPtaihk /sap.ta.hik/ <sa.pta.hi.k\> adj.

weekly.

saf /sap˙/ <sa.ph\> adj. clean.

safsUf /sap˙.sup˙/ <sa.ph\.suu.ph\>

adj. cleaning.

safo /sa.p˙o/ <sa.pho> masc. a kind of

turban.

sabdu& /sab.du~/ <sa.b\.du~> adj. alert.

sabr /sa.b\r/ <sa.b\.r\> neut. stag.

saibtI /sa.bi.ti/ <sa.bi.tii> fem. proof.

sabu /sa.bu/ <sa.bu> masc. soap.

sa-ar /sa.b˙ar/ <sa.bha.r\> adj.

thankful.

sa-ar /sa.b˙ar/ <sa.bha.r\> advb.

gratefully.

samg/I /sa.m\g.ri/ <sa.m\.grii> fem.

materials.

sam4u& /sam.ˇu~/ <sa.m\.ˇu~> adj.

collected.

221

samno /sam.no/ <sa.m\.no> masc.

resistance.

samiyk /sa.m\.jik/ <sa.m\.ji.k\> neut.

periodical.

sam(yR /sa.m\r.t˙j\/ <sa.m\.rthj\> neut.

capability.

sama@k /sa.ma.Ôik/ <sa.ma.Ôii.k\> adj.

social.

saman /sa.man/ <sa.ma.n\> masc.

luggage.

samaNy /sa.ma.nj\/ <sa.ma.nj\> adj.

general.

samaNytŠ /sa.ma.nj\.t\h/ <sa.ma.nj\.t\:>

advb. usually.

samudaiyk /sa.mu.da.jik/ <sa.mu.da.ji.k\>

adj. collective.

samUihk /sa.mu.hik/ <sa.muu.hi.k\> adj.

collective.

same /sa.me/ <sa.me> postp. in front of.

samEyu& /sa.m\i.ju~/ <sa.m\i.ju~> neut.

procession going to receive a dignitary.

saMy /sam.j\/ <sa.mj\> neut. similitude.

sam/ajy /sam.raÔ.j\/ <sa.mra,Ôj\> neut.

empire.

sayujy /sa.juÔ.j\/ <sa.ju.Ôj\> neut.

merging together.

sar /sar/ <sa.r\> masc. 1. essence, 2.

gist, 3. summary.

sarvar /sar.var/ <sa.r\.va.r\> fem. 1.

nursing, 2. attendance.

sars /sa.r\s/ <sa.ra.s\> neut. crane.

sar&gI /sa.r\˜.gi/ <sa.r\~.gii> fem.

stringed musical instument.

sarasarI /sa.ra.sa.ri/ <sa.ra.sa.rii> fem.

cordial relations.

sara&= /sa.ra~mß/ <sa.ra~.ß\> masc. 1.

essence, 2. gist.

saru& /sa.ru~/ <sa.ru~> adj. good.

sa9Rk /sar.t˙\k/ <sa.rth\.k\> adj.

successful.

savRjink /sar.v\.Ô\.nik/ <sa.rv\.Ô\.ni.k\>

adj. public.

savRi{ak /sar.v\.trik/ <sa.rv\.tri.k\> adj.

ubiquitous.

savR-Om /sar.v\.b˙\um/

<sa.rv\.bh\u.m\> adj. sovereign.

sal /sal/ <sa.l\> neut. year.

sal-r /sal.b˙\r/ <sa.l\.bh\.r\> advb.

through out the year.

salvu& /sal.vu~/ <sa.l\.vu~> v.intr. to feel a

pricking pain.

salosal /sa.lo.sal/ <sa.lo.sa.l\> advb.

every year.

saLlo /sal.lo/ <sa.llo> masc. sari.

sav /sav/ <sa.v\> advb. completely.

222

savku& /sav.ku~/ <sa.v\.ku~> adj. of a

step-relation.

savcet /sav.cet/ <sa.v\.ce.t\> adj.

cautious.

savcetI /sav.ce.ti/ <sa.v\.ce.tii> fem.

caution.

savj /sa.v\Ô/ <sa.v\.Ô\> masc. lion.

savr8I /sa.v\r.¯i/ <sa.v\.r\.¯ii> fem. a

small broom.

savr8o /sa.v\r.¯o/ <sa.v\.r\.¯o> masc.

a big broom.

sasiryu& /sa.s\r.(i)ju~/ <sa.s\.ri.ju~> adj. a

relative of father-in-law.

sasrI /sas.ri/ <sa.s\.rii> fem. home or

family of father-in-law.

sasu /sa.su/ <sa.su> fem. mother-in-law.

sahijk /sah.Ôik/ <sa.h\.Ôi.k\> adj. 1.

natural, 2. instinctive.

sahs /sa.h\s/ <sa.h\.s\> neut. 1.

adventure, 2. enterprise.

sahisk /sah.sik/ <sa.h\.si.k\> adj.

adventurous.

saihTy /sa.hit.j\/ <sa.hi.tj\> neut.

literature.

saihiTyk /sa.hit.jik/ <sa.hi.tji.k\> adj.

literary.

saheb /sa.heb/ <sa.he.b\> masc. 1.

master, 2. boss, 3. reputed person.

saheba /sa.he.ba/ <sa.he.ba> fem.

respectable woman.

sahebI /sa.he.bi/ <sa.he.bii> fem.

prosperity.

sahelI /sa.he.li/ <sa.he.lii> fem. a

female friend.

saXavelI /sa.Æa.ve.li/ <sa.Æa.ve.lii> fem.

wife of wife’s brother.

saXI /sa.Æi/ <sa.Æii> fem. wife’s sister.

saXo /sa.Æo/ <sa.Æo> masc. wife’s

brother.

sa&k6u& /sa~k.Îu~/ <sa~.k\.Îu~> adj. narrow.

sa&kX /sa~.k\Æ/ <sa~.k\.Æ\> fem. chain.

sa&kXvu& /sa~.k\Æ.vu~/ <sa~.k\.Æ\.vu~> v.tr. to

link to gether.

sa&kXI /sa~k.Æi/ <sa~.k\.Æii> fem. necklace.

sa&kXu& /sa~k.Æu~/ <sa~.k\.Æu~> neut. anklet.

sa&`vu& /sa~k˙.vu~/ <sa~.kh\.vu~> v.tr. to

endure.

sa&j /sa~Ô/ <sa~.Ô\> fem. evening.

sa&5o /sa~.ˇ˙o/ <sa~.ˇho> masc. stalk of

sugar cane.

sa&0vu& /sa~d˙.vu~/ <sa~.dh\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

sew, 2. to join, 3. to solder.

sa&0o /sa~.d˙o/ <sa~.dho> masc. joint.

sa&p/t /sa~m.pr\t/ <sa~.pr\.t\> adj.

contemporary.

223

sa&p/daiyk /sa~p.r\.da.jik/ <sa~.pr\.da.ji.k\>

adj. sectarian.

sa&belu& /sa~.be.lu~/ <sa~.be.lu~> neut. a

wooden pestle.

sa&-Xvu& /sa~.b˙\Æ.vu~/ <sa~.bh.Æ\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to hear, 2. to listen.

sa&sairk /sa~.sa.rik/ <sa~.sa.ri.k\> adj.

mundane.

sa&Skairk /sa~ns.ka.rik/ <sa~.sa.ka.ri.k>

adj. pertaining to culture.

sa&Sk<itk /sa~s.kru.tik/ <sa~.skr≤.ti.k\> adj.

cultural.

iskko /sik.ko/ <si.kko> masc. 1. seal, 2.

stamp, 3. coin.

istm /si.t\m/ <si.t\.m\> masc. tyranny.

istar /si.tar/ <si.ta.r\> fem. a musical

instrument.

istaro /si.ta.ro/ <si.ta.ro> masc. star.

is]aer /sit.ter/ <si.tte.r\> adj. seventy.

isTyoter /sit.jo.t\r/ <si.tjo.te.r\> adj.

seventy seven.

isTya=I /sit.ja.ßi/ <si.tja.ßii> adj. eighty

seven.

is)0aNt /sid˙.d˙an.t\/ <si.dhdha.nt\>

masc. 1. principle, 2. doctrine, 3.

theorem.

ispa: /si.pai/ <si.pa.ii> masc. soldier.

isfars /si.p˙a.r\s/ <si.pha.r\.s\> fem.

recommendation.

islk /si.l\k/ <si.l\.k\> fem. amount

remaining after expenditure.

islislab&0 /sil.si.la.b\nd˙/

<si.l\.si.la.b\~.dh\> adj. in orderly

manner.

isla: /si.la.i/ <si.la.ii> fem. sewing.

isv6am8 /siv.Îa.m\¯/ <si.v\.Îa.m\.¯\>

fem. wages for sewing.

isskarvu& /sis.kar.vu~/ <si.s\.ka.r\.vu~>

v.intr. to hiss.

isskaro /sis.ka.ro/ <si.s\.ka.ro> masc.

hissing sound.

isso4I /si.so.ˇi/ <si.so.ˇii> fem. whistle.

is&cvu& /siµc.vu~/ <si~.c\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

sprinkle, 2. to water (plant and etc.).

is&dUr /sin.dur/ <si~.du.r\> neut.

vermilion.

is&0v /sin.d˙\v/ <si~.dh\.v\> neut. rock-

salt.

is&0I /sin.d˙i/ <si~.dhii> fem. a

community so named.

is&0I /sin.d˙i/ <si~.dhii> fem. Sindhi

language.

is&h /simh/ <si~.h\> masc. lion.

is&h8 /sim.h\¯/ <si~.h\.¯\> fem. lioness.

224

is&hasn /sim.ha.s\n/ <si~.ha.s\.n\> neut.

throne.

sIzvvu& /si.Ô˙\v.vu~/ <sii.Ôh\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to cook by moderate heat.

sIzvu& /siÔ˙.vu~/ <sii.Ôh\.vu~> v.intr. to be

cooked by moderate heat.

sI4I /si.ˇi/ <sii.ˇii> fem. a whistle.

sI6I /si.Îi/ <sii.Îii> fem. 1. ladder, 2.

staircase.

sI0u& /si.d˙u~/ <sii.dhu~> adj. straight.

sIm /sim/ <sii.m\> fem. land on the

border of a village.

sIm&t /si.m\nt/ <sii.m\~.t\> neut. a ritual

performed at the time of the first

pregnancy of a woman.

sIma /si.ma/ <sii.ma> fem. 1. border, 2.

boundary.

sIimt /si.mit/ <sii.mi.t\> adj. limited.

sIv8 /si.v\¯/ <sii.v\.¯\> neut. sewing.

sIvvu& /siv.vu~/ <sii.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

sew, 2. to stitch.

sI&ca: /siµ.cai/ <sii~.ca.ii> fem.

irrigation.

sukan /su.kan/ <su.ka.n\> neut. helm.

sukanI /su.ka.ni/ <su.ka.nii> masc.

helmsman.

sukavu& /su.ka.vu~/ <su.ka.vu~> v.intr. to

become dry.

su` /suk˙/ <su.kh\> neut. happiness.

su`6 /su.k˙\Î/ <su.kh\.Î\> neut.

sandalwood.

su`6I /su.k˙.Îi/ <su.kh\.Îii> fem. a

kind of sweet.

su`I /su.k˙i/ <su.khii> adj. 1. happy, 2.

well-to-do.

sugm /su.g\m/ <su.g\.m\> adj. easy.

sug&0 /su:.g\nd˙/ <su.g\~.dh\> fem.

fragrance.

su36 /su.g˙\Î/ <suu.gh\.Î\> adj. neat

and clean.

su6taXIs /suÎ.ta.lis/ <su.Î\.ta.Æii.s\>

adj. forty seven.

su6oX /su.ÎoÆ/ <su.Îo.Æ\> adj.

handsome.

sutraw /sut.ra.u/ <su.t\.ra.u~> adj. made

of cotton yarn.

sud /sud/ <su.d\> fem. bright half of a

lunar month.

su0rvu& /su.d˙\r.vu~/ <su.dh\.r\.vu~>

v.intr. t o improve.

su0ra: /sud˙.ra.i/ <su.dh\.ra.ii> fem.

municipality.

su0a /su.d˙a/ <su.dha> fem. nectar.

su0arvu&/su.d˙ar.vu~/ <su.dha.r\.vu~> v.tr.

to improve.

225

su0aro /su.d˙a.ro/ <su.dha.ro> masc.

improvement.

su0I /su.d˙i/ <su.dhii> postp. 1. up to, 2

until.

sunav8I /su.na.v\.¯i/ <su.na.v\.¯ii>

fem. hearing of a case in a court.

supa{a /su.pat.r\/ <su.pa.tr\> adj.

deserving.

sup/is)0 /su.pr\.sid˙.d˙\/

<su.pr\.si.dhdh\> adj. 1. renowned,

2. well-known.

subo0 /su.bod˙/ <su.bo.dh\> adj. easy

to understand.

sumn /su.m\n/ <su,m\.n\> neut.

flower.

surixt /su.r\k.ßit/ <su.r\.kßi.t\> adj.

safe.

surIlu& /su.ri.lu~/ <su.rii.lu~> adj. 1. well-

tuned, 2. melodious.

suruic /su.ru.ci/ <su.ru.ci> adj. refined

taste.

sure` /su.rek˙/ <su.re.kh\> adj.

proportionate.

sul- /su.l\b˙/ <su.l\.bh\> adj. easily

available.

sule`n /su.le.k˙\n/ <su.le.kh\.n\> neut.

good handwriting.

suleh /su.leh/ <su.le.h\> fem. peace.

sulehnamu& /su.leh.na.mu~/

<su.le.h\.na.mu~> neut. peace treaty.

suvaky /su.vak.j\/ <su.va.kj\> neut. a

maxim.

suvav6 /su.va.v\Î/ <su.va.v\.Î\> fem.

childbirth.

suvas /su.vas/ <su.va.s\> fem.

fragrance.

suiv~yat /su.vik˙.jat/ <su.vi.khja.t\> adj.

well-known.

suividt /su.vi.dit/ <su.vi.di.t\> adj.

well-known.

suiv0a /su.vi.d˙a/ <su.vi.dha> fem.

convenience.

sui=ixt /su.ßik.ßit/ <su.ßi.kßi.t\> adj.

well-educated.

su=Il /su.ßil/ <su.ßi.l\> adj. of a good

character.

su=o-n /su.ßo.b˙\n/ <su.ßo.bh\.n\>

neut. decoration.

su=oi-t /ßu.ßo.b˙it/ <su.ßo.bhi.t\> adj.

well-decorated.

susjj /su.s\Ô.Ô\/ <su.s\.ÔÔ\> adj. well-

equipped.

susva4o /sus.va.ˇo/ <su.s\.va.ˇo> masc.

a wind-blow.

sus&gt /su.s\˜.g\t/ <su.s\~.g\.t\> adj. 1.

consistent.

suSt /sus.t\/ <su.st\> adj. lazy.

226

suStI /sus.ti/ <su.stii> fem. laziness.

su&dr /sun.d\r/ <su~.d\.r\> adj.

beautiful.

suvaXu& /su.wa.Æu~/ <su.va.Æu~> adj.

smooth.

sUkvvu& /su.k\v.vu~/ <suu.k\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

to dry.

sUku& /su.ku~/ <su.ku~> adj. dry.

sUåm /suk.ßm\/ <suu.kßm\> adj.

minute.

sUg /sug/ <suu.g\> fem. nausea.

sUck /su.c\k/ <suu.c\.k\> adj. 1.

suggestive, 2. indicative.

sUcn /su.c\n/ <suu.c\.n\> neut. 1.

suggestion, 2. indication.

sUcvvu& /su.c\v.vu~/ <suu.c\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to indicate,2 to suggest.

sUic /su.ci/ <suu.ci> fem. list.

sUict /su.cit/ <suu.ci.t\> adj. 1.

suggested, 2. indicated.

sUjvu& /suÔ.vu~/ <suu.Ô\.vu~> v.intr. 1. to

swell, 2. to be swollen.

sUz /suÔ˙/ <suu.Ôh\> fem. deeper

understanding.

sUtk /su.t\k/ <suu.t\.k\> neut.

ceremonial untouchablility observed

after a death of a family member.

sUmsam /sum.sam/ <suu.m\.sa.m\> adj.

utterly silent.

sUr /sur/ <suu.r\> masc. musical tune.

sUrj /su.r\Ô/ <suu.r\.Ô\> masc. the sun.

sUr8 /su.r\¯/ <suu.r\.¯\> neut. a name

of an edible root.

sUyR /sur.j\/ <suu.rj\> masc. the sun.

sUyRg/h8 /sur.j\.gr\.h\¯/

<suu.rj\.gr\.h\.¯\> neut. solar

eclipse.

sUyRmu`I /sur.j\.mu.k˙i/

<suu.rj\.mu.khii> neut. sun-flower.

sUyaRSt /sur.jas.t\/ <suu.rja.st\> masc.

sunset.

sUyoRdy /sur.jo.d\j/ <suu.rjo.d\.j\> masc.

sunrise.

sUvr /su.v\r/ <suu.v\.r\> neut. pig.

sUvu& /su.vu~/ <suu.vu~> v.intr. to sleep.

sU&3vu& /su˜g.vu~/ <suu~.gh\.vu~> v.tr. to

smell.

sU&5 /su~ˇ˙/ <suu~.ˇh\> fem. dry ginger.

sU&7 /su~Î˙/ <suu~.Îh\> fem. trunk.

s<iQ4 /sruß.ˇi/ <sr≤.s°ˇi> fem. the universe.

sena /se.na/ <se.na> fem. army.

sevk /se.v\k/ <se.v\.k\> masc. servant.

seva /se.va/ <se.va> fem. service.

227

sevacakrI /se.va.cak.ri/ <se.va.ca.k\.rii>

fem. nursing.

se&k6o /s´~k.Îo/ <se~.k\.Îo> masc. a

hundred.

se&9I /s´~.t˙i/ <se~.thii> fem. line formed

by the parting of hair on two sides.

sE)0aiNtk /s\i.d˙an.tik/

<s\i.dhdha.nti.k\> adj. theoretical.

sEink /s\i.nik/ <s\i.ni.k\> masc. soldier.

sENy /s\i.nj\/ <s\i.nj\> neut. army.

so /sø/ <so> adj. hundred.

sogn /so.g\n/ <so.g\.n\> masc. an

oath.

sogat /so.gat/ <so.ga.t\> fem. gift.

sojo /so.Ôo/ <so.Ôo> masc. swelling.

so4I /so.ˇi/ <so.ˇii> fem. a cane.

so6 /soÎ/ <so.Î\> fem. a side of the

body.

so6m /so.Î\m/ <so.Î\.m\> fem.

fragrance.

sodagr /so.da.g\r/ <so.da.g\.r\> masc.

a merchant doing large scale business.

sodo /so.do/ <so.do> masc. trade.

sonamhor /so.na.m\.hor/

<so.na.m\.ho.r\> fem. guinea.

sonu& /so.nu~/ <so.nu~> neut. gold.

sonerI /so.ne.ri/ <so.ne.rii> adj. golden.

soparI /so.pa.ri/ <so.pa.rii> fem. betel

nut.

sobt /so.b\t/ <so.b\.t\> fem. company.

somvar /som.var/ <so.m\.va.r\> masc.

Monday.

soml /so.m\l/ <so.m\.l\> masc.

extreme poisonous object.

soy /soj/ <so.j\> fem. a needle.

soyo /so.jo/ <so.jo> masc. a large and

thick needle.

sohag /so.hag/ <so.ha.g\> masc. well-

adorned.

soham8u& /so.ha.m\.¯u~/ <so.ha.m\.¯u~>

adj. good-looking.

soX /soÆ/ <so.Æ\> adj. sixteen.

so&3varI /sø~˜g.va.ri/ <so~.gh\.va.rii> fem.

cheapness.

so&pvu& /sø~p.vu~/ <so~.p\.vu~> v.tr. 1. to

hand over. 2. to entrust.

sO /s\u/ <s\u> adj. all.

sOjNy /s\u.Ô\n.j\/ <s\u.Ô\.nj\> neut.

gentlemanliness.

sO-aGy /s\u.b˙ag.j\/ <s\u.bha.gj\> neut.

good fortune.

sOr- /s\u.r\b˙/ <s\u.r\.bh\> neut.

fragrance.

228

sO&dyR /s\u~.d\r.j\/ <s\u~.d\.rj\> neut.

beauty.

S`ln /sk˙\.l\n/ <skh\.l\.n\> neut. 1.

an error, 2. a mistake.

Stn /st\n/ <st\.n\> masc. female

breast.

Str /st\r/ <st\.r\> neut. a layer.

Stvn /st\.v\n/ <st\.v\.n\> neut. praise.

Stuit /stu.ti/ <stu.ti> fem. praise.

StuTy /stut.j\/ <stu.tj\> adj.

praiseworthy.

Sto{a /stot.r\/ <sto.tr\> neut. a hymn of

praise.

S{aI /stri/ <strii> fem. a woman.

S{aE8 /str\i.¯\/ <stri.¯\> adj. womanly.

S9pit /st˙\.p\.ti/ <sth\.p\.ti> masc. an

architect.

S9X /st˙\Æ/ <sth\.Æ\> neut. 1. a place, 2.

a location.

S9aink /st˙a.nik/ <stha.ni.k\> adj. local.

S9apk /st˙a.p\k/ <stha.p\.k\> adj.

founder.

S9apTy /st˙a.p\t.j\/ <stha.p\.tj\> neut.

1. sculpture, 2. architecture.

S9ayI /st˙a.ji/ <stha.jii> adj. stable.

S9avr /st˙a.v\r/ <stha.v\.r\> adj.

immovable.

iS9it /st˙i.ti/ <sthi.ti> fem. a condition.

iS9r /st˙ir/ <sthi.r\> adj. immovable.

Snatk /sna.t\k/ <sna.t\.k\> masc.

graduate.

Snan /snan/ <sna.n\> neut. a bath.

Snayu /sne.h\/ <sna.ju> masc. a muscle.

Sneh /sneh/ <s> masc. 1. love, 2.

affection.

Sp0aR /sp\r.d˙a/ <sne.h\> fem.

competition.

Sp=R /sp\r.ß\/ <sp\.rß\> masc. touch.

SpQ4 /sp\ß.ˇ\/ <sp\.s°ˇ\> adj. 1. clear, 2.

plain.

Sf4Ik /sp˙\.ˇik/ <sph\.ˇii.k\> masc.

crystal.

Smr8 /sm\.r\¯/ <sm\.r\.¯\> neut.

recollection.

Smrvu& /sm\r.vu~/ <sm\.r\.vu~> v.tr. to

remember.

Sm=an /ßm\.ßan/ <sm\.ßa.n\> neut.

funeral place.

Smark /sma.r\k/ <sma.r\.k\> neut. 1. a

monument, 2. a memorial.

iSmt /smit/ <smi.t\> neut. smile.

Sm<it /smru.ti/ <smr≤.ti> fem. Hindu

scriptures.

229

Sm<it /smru.ti/ <smr≤.ti> fem. memory.

Sv. /sv\/ <sv\.> adj. a short form of

SvgRS9, deceased.

SvgRS9 /sv\r.g\s.t˙\/ <sv\.rg\.sth\> adj.

deceased.

SvC2 /sv\c.c˙\/ <sv\.cch\> adj. clean.

Svjn /sv\.Ô\n/ <sv\.Ô\.n\> masc. a

relative.

Svt&{a /sv\.t\n.tr\/ <sv\.t\~.tr\> adj.

free.

Svt&{ata /sv\.t\n.tr\.ta/ <sv\.t\~.tr\.ta>

fem. freedom.

Svde= /sv\.deß/ <sv\.de.ß\> masc. 1.

motherland, 2. native land.

Svde=ai-man /sv\.de.ßa.b˙i.man/

<sv\.de.ßa.bhi.ma.n\> neut.

patriotism.

Svde=ai-manI /sv\.de.ßa.b˙i.ma.ni/

<sv\.de.ßa.bhi.ma.nii> neut. patriotic.

Svde=I /sv\.de.ßi/ <sv\.de.ßii> adj. of

one’s own country.

SvPn /sv\p.n\/ <sve.pn\> neut. a

dream.

Sv-av /sv\.b˙av/ <sv\.bha.v\> masc.

nature.

Svman /sv\.man/ <sv\.ma.n\> neut.

self-respect.

Svr /sv\r/ <sv\.r\> masc. voice.

Svraj /sv\.raÔ/ <sv\.ra.Ô\> neut. self-

government.

Sv£p /sv\.rup/ <sv\.ruu.p\> neut. 1.

shape, 2. form.

SvgR /sv\r.g\/ <sv\.rg\> neut. heaven.

SvgRvasI /sv\r.g\.va.si/ <sv\.rg\.va.sii>

adj. deceased.

SvgRS9 /sv\r.g\.st˙\/ <sv\.rg\.sth\> adj.

deceased.

SvgIRy /sv\r.gi.j\/ <sv\.rgii.j\> adj.

deceased.

SvamI /sva.mi/ <sva.mii> masc. 1.

husband, 2. lord, 3. master, 4. owner.

Sva9R /svar.t˙\/ <sva.rth\> masc. self-

interest.

SvaS(y /svas.t˙j\/ <sva.sthj\> neut.

health.

SvIkar /svi.kar/ <svii.ka.r\> masc. 1.

recognition, 2. acceptance.

SvIkayR /svi.kar.j\/ <svii.ka.rj\> adj.

acceptable.

hk /h\k/ <h\.k\> masc. 1. right, 2.

claim.

hkar /h\.kar/ <h\.ka.r\> masc.

affirmation.

230

hkIkt /h\.ki.k\t/ <h\.kii.k\.t\> fem. a

fact.

hkIm /h\.kim/ <h\.kii.m\> masc. a

physician.

hcmcvu& /h\c.m\c.vu~/ <h\.c\.m\.c\.vu~>

v.intr. to become unsteady.

hj /h\Ô/ <h\Ô> fem. pilgrimage to

Mecca.

hjam /h\.Ôam/ <h\.Ôa.m\> masc. a

barber.

hjar /h\.Ôar/ <h\.Ôa.r\> adj. thousand.

h@ /h\.Ôi/ <h\.Ôii> advb. 1. yet, .2 even

now.

hju /h\.Ôu/ <h\.Ôu> advb. 1. yet, 2. even

now.

h5 /h\ˇ˙/ <h\.ˇh\> fem. stubbornness.

h5vu& /h\ˇ˙.vu~/ <h\.ˇh\.vu~> v.intr. to

move away.

h6kva /h\.Î\k.va/ <h\.Î\.k\.va> masc.

rabies.

h6tal /h\Î.tal/ <h\.Î\.ta.l\> fem. a

strike.

hD0Ut /h\Î.d˙ut/ <h\.Î\.dhuu.t\> adj.

insulted or condemned everywhere.

h6pcI /h\Î.p\.ci/ <h\.Î\.p\.cii> fem.

the chin.

h6selvu& /h\Î.sel.vu~/ <h\.Î\.se.l\.vu~>

v.tr. to push away.

h8vu& /h\¯.vu~/ <h\.¯\.vu~> v.tr. to kill.

hta= /h\.taß/ <h\.t.aß\> adj.

disappointed.

hTya /h\t.ja/ <h\.tja> fem. 1. an

assassination, 2. a massacre.

hTyaro /h\t.ja.ro/ <h\.tja.ro> masc. an

assassin.

hi9yar /h\.t˙i.jar/ <h\.ˇhi.ja.r\> neut. a

weapon.

h9eXI /h\.t˙e.Æi/ <h\.ˇhe.Æii> fem. palm.

h9o4I /h\.t˙o.ˇi/ <h\.ˇho.ˇii> fem. skill.

h9o6I /h\.t˙o.Îi/ <h> fem. a hammer.

hd /h\d/ <h\.d\> fem. boundary.

hm8a& /h\m.¯a~/ <h\.m\.¯a~> advb. 1.

now, 2. presently.

hmddIR /h\m.d\r.di/ <h\.m\.d\.rdi>

fem. sympathy.

hmal /h\.mal/ <h\.ma.l\> masc. a

porter.

hme= /h\.meß/ <h\.me.ß\> advb.

always.

hyat /h\.jat/ <h\.ja.t\> adj. living.

hrkt /h\r.k\t/ <h\.r\.k\.t\> fem.

obstruction.

hr` /h\.r\k˙/ <h\.r\.kh\> masc. joy.

hrigj /h\r.giÔ/ <h\.r\.gi.Ô\> advb. 1.

(not) at all, 2. (not) ever.

231

hr36I /h\r.g˙\.Îi/ <h\.r\.gh\.Îii> advb.

every moment.

hr8 /h\.r\¯/ <h\.r\.¯\> neut. a deer.

hrtu&frtu& /h\r.tu~.p˙\r.tu~/

<h\.r\.tu~.ph\.r\.tu~> adj. healthy.

hrs /h\.r\s/ <h\.r\.s\> masc. piles.

hra@ /h\.ra.Ôi/ <h\.ra.Ôii> fem. auction.

hram`or /h\.ram.k˙or/

<h\.ra.m\.kho.r\> adj. wicked.

hrayu& /h\.ra.ju~/ <h\.ra.ju~> adj. 1.

ownerless (cattles etc.), 2. strayed.

hir /h\.ri/ <h\.rii> masc. Lord Vishnu.

hiryaXI /h\.ri.ja.Æi/ <h\.ri.ja.Æii> fem.

greenery.

hirhr /h\.ri.h\r/ <h\.ri.h\.r\> masc.

Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva.

hrIf /h\.ri˙p/ <h\.rii.ph\> masc.

competitor.

hrIfa: /h\.ri.p˙a.i/ <h\.ri.pha.ii> fem.

competition.

hrek /h\.rek/ <h\.re.k\> advb. 1. each,

2. every one.

hroX /h\.roÆ/ <h\.ro.Æ\> fem. a row.

hlka: /h\l.kai/ <h\l.ka.ii> fem.

meanness.

hlku& /h\l.ku~/ <h\.l\.ku~> adj. light.

hlncln /h\.l\n.c\.l\n/

<h\.l\.n\.c\.l\.n\> fem. movement.

hlvo /h\l.vo/ <h\.l\.vo> masc. a sweet.

hlavvu& /h\.lav.vu~/ <h\.la.v\.vu~> v.tr. 1.

to stir 2. to shake.

hlesu& /h\.le.su~/ <h\.le.su~> neut. an oar.

hvn /h\.v\n/ <h\.v\.n\> neut. a

ceremonial sacrifice.

hva /h\.va/ <h\.va> fem. air.

hvaman /h\.va.man/ <h\.va.ma.n\>

neut. 1. climate, 2. weather.

hvaldar /h\.val.dar/ <h\.va.l\.da.r\>

masc. a police constable.

hvalo /h\.va.lo/ <h\.va.lo> masc. 1.

possession, 2. reference.

hve /h\.ve/ <h\.ve> advb. now.

hve9I /h\.ve.t˙i/ <h\.ve.thii> advb. 1.

henceforth, 2. now onward, 3. hereafter.

hvelI /h\.ve.li/ <h\.ve.lii> fem. 1. a big,

majestic building, 2. a Vaishnava

temple.

h=e /h\.ße/ <h\.ße> advb. 1. never mind,

2. let it be, 3. it does not matter (to me).

hsvu& /h\s.vu~/ <h\.s\.vu~> v.intr. to

laugh.

hsam8u& /h\.sa.m\.¯u~/ <h\.sa.m\.¯u~>

adj. that which provokes laughter.

232

hStkXa /h\s.t\.k\.Æa/ <h\.st\.k\.Æa> fem.

handicraft.

hStxep /h\s.t\.kßep/ <h\.st\.kße.p\>

masc. undue interference.

St0Unn /h\s.t\.d˙u.n\n/

<h\.st\.dhuu.n\.n\> neut. a hand-

shake.

hStp/t /h\s.t\.pr\t/ <h\.st\.pr\.t\> fem.

manuscript.

hStmeXap /h\s.t\.me.Æap/ <h\.st\.pr\.t\>

masc. the act of joining hands of bride

and bridegroom in a marriage ceremony.

hStaxr /h\s.ta.kß\r/ <h\.sta.kß\.r\>

masc. 1. hand writing, 2. signature..

hX /h\Æ/ <h\.Æ\> neut. a plough.

hXdr /h\Æ.d\r/ <h\.Æ\.d\.r\> fem.

turmeric.

hXvu& /h\Æ.vu~/ <h\.Æ\.vu~> adj. light.

hXve /h\Æ.ve/ <h\.Æ\.ve> advb. slowly.

hXve9I /h\Æ.ve.t˙i/ <h\.Æ\.ve.thi> advb.

1. slowly, 2. gently.

h&karvu& /h\˜.kar.vu~/ <h\~.ka.r\.vu~> v.tr.

1. to drive, 2. to sail.

h&gamI /h\˜.ga.mi/ <h\~.ga.mii> adj.

temporary.

h&me= /h\m.meß/ <h\~.me.ß\> advb.

always.

h&me=a& /h\m.meß/ <h\~.me.ßa~> advb.

always.

h&s /h\ms/ <h\~.s\> masc. swan.

ha /ha/ <ha> advb. yes.

hak /hak/ <ha.k\> fem. a shout.

hajr /ha.Ô\r/ <ha.Ô\.r\> adj. present.

hajrjvabI /ha.Ô\r.Ô\.va.bi/

<ha.Ô\.r\.Ô\.va.bii> adj. quick-witted.

hajrI /haÔ.ri/ <ha.Ô\.rii> fem. presence.

ha6ku& /haÎ.ku~/ <ha.Î\.ku~> neut. a bone.

ha6vEd /haÎ.v\id/ <ha.Î\.v\i.d\> masc.

a bone-setter.

ha6marI /haÎ.ma.ri/ <ha.[a.ma.rii> fem.

difficulties.

ha6oha6 /ha.Îo.haÎ/ <ha.Îo.ha.Î\>

advb. 1. up to the bone, 2. affecting very

deeply.

ha9 /hat˙/ <ha.th\> masc. hand.

ha9k6I /hat˙.k\.Îi/ <ha.th\.k\.Îii> fem.

handcuffs.

ha9calakI /hat˙.ca.la.ki/

<ha.th\.ca.la.kii> fem. jugglery.

ha98I /hat˙.¯i/ <ha.th\.¯ii> fem. female

elephant.

ha9I /ha.t˙i/ <ha.thii> masc. elephant.

ha9o /ha.t˙o/ <ha.tho> masc. handle.

ha9oha9 /ha.t˙o.hat˙/ <ha.tho.ha.th\>

advb. a handle.

233

ha na /ha na/ <ha na> fem. hesitation.

hain /ha.ni/ <ha.ni> fem. damage.

hainktaR /ha.ni.k\r.ta/ <ha.ni.k\.rta> adj.

damaging.

har /har/ <ha.r\> masc. 1. garland, 2.

necklace.

har /har/ <ha.r\> fem. defeat.

harvu& /har.vu~/ <ha.r\.vu~> v.intr. to be

defeated.

hal /hal/ <ha.l\> masc. 1. condition, 2.

circumstances.

halk6olk /hal\k.Îo.l\k/

<ha.l\.k\.Îo.l\.k\> advb. unsteady.

halcal /hal.cal/ <ha.l\.ca.l\> masc.

condition.

halt /ha.l\t/ <ha.l\.t\> fem. 1.

condition, 2. circumstances.

halvu& /hal.vu~/ <ha.l\.vu~> v.intr. to

move.

ha= /haß/ <ha.ß\> interjection. shows a

sense of ease or gratification.

haSy /has.j\/ <ha.sj\> neut. smile.

haSyaSpd /has.ja.p\d/ <ha.sja.sp\.d\>

adj. rediculous.

hahakr /ha.ha.kar/ <ha.ha.ka.r\> masc.

widespread feeling of sorrow or terror.

ha&kvu& /ha~k.vu~/ <ha~.k\.vu~> v.tr. to drive.

ha&ja /ha~.Ôa/ <ha~.Ôa> masc. pl. the joints

of the body.

ha&f /ha~p˙/ <ha~.ph\> fem. panting.

ha&fvu& /ha~p˙.vu~/ <ha~.ph\.vu~> v.intr. to

pant for breath.

ha&isyo /ha~s.(i)jo/ <ha~.si.jo> masc. a

margin.

ha&sI /ha~.si/ <ha~.sii> fem. 1. a jest, 2. a

joking.

ihckaru& /hic.ka.ru~/ <hi.c\.ka.ru~> neut.

cowardly.

ihjravu& /hiÔ.ra.vu~/ <hi.Ô\.ra.vu~> v.intr. to

languish in someone’s memory.

iht /hit/ <hi.t\> neut. welfare.

ihteC2u /hi.tec.c˙u/ <hi.te.cchu> adj. and

masc. a wel-wisher.

ihna /hi.na/ <hi.na> fem. myrtle.

ihm /him/ <hi.m\> masc. frost.

ihlcal /hil.cal/ <hi.l\.ca.l\> fem. 1.

movement, 2. activities.

ihsab /hi.sab/ <hi.sa.b\> masc. 1.

account, .2 calculation.

ihsabnI= /hi.sab.niß/ <hi.ha.b\.nii.ß\>

masc. accountant.

ihSso /his.so/ <hi.sso> masc. a share.

ih&g /hi˜.g\/ <hi~.g\> fem. asafetida.

234

ih&mt /him.m\t/ <hi~.m\.t\> fem.

courage.

ih&sk /him.s\k/ <hi~.s\.k\> adj. violent.

ih&sa /him.sa/ <hi~.sa> fem. violence.

hIj6o /hiÔ.Îo/ <hii.Ô\.Îo> masc.

eunuch.

hIbkvu& /hi.b\k.vu~/ <hii.b\.k\.vu~> v.intr.

to sob.

hIbku& /hib.ku~/ <hii.b\.ku~> neut. a sob.

hIro /hi.ro/ <hii.ro> masc. diamond.

hI&cvu& /hi~c.vu~/ <hii~.c\.vu~> v.intr. to

swing (oneself).

hukm /hu.k\m/ <huu.k\.m\> masc. an

order.

hukko /huk.ko/ <hu.kko> masc. a

smoking pipe.

humlo /hum.lo/ <hu.m\.lo> masc. an

attack.

huLl6 /hul.l\Î/ <hu.ll\.Î\> neut. a riot.

hu& /hu~/ <hu~> pron. I, first person

singular.

hUko /hu.ko/ <huu.ko> masc. a smoking

pipe.

hU&i6yam8 /hu~.Îi.ja.m\¯/

<huu~.Îi.ja.m\.¯\> neut. rate of

exchange.

hU&6I /hu~¯.Îi/ <huu~.Îii> fem. a bill of

exchange.

hU&f /hu~p˙/ <huu~.ph\> fem. warmth.

®dy /r\.d\j/ <hr\.d\.j\> neut. heart.

®dy±avk /r\.d\j.dra.v\k/

<hr\.d\.j\.dra.v\.k\> adj. stronly

affecting to the heart.

®dypirvtRn /r\.d\j.p\.ri.v\r.t\n/

<hr\.d\.j\.p\.ri.v\.rt\.n\> neut. a

change of heart.

®dy=UNy /r\.d\j.ßun.j\/ <hr\.d\.j\.ßu.nj\>

adj. feelingless.

het /het/ <he.t\> neut. 1. affection, 2.

love.

hetu /he.tu/ <he.tu> masc. 1. motive, 2.

intention.

herangit /he.ran,g\.ti/ <he.ra.n\.g\.ti>

fem. 1. trouble, 2. difficulty.

helI /he.li/ <he.lii> fem. heavy rain.

hevainyt /he.va.ni.j\t/ <he.va.ni.j\.t\>

fem. 1. brutality, 2. cruelty.

heval /he.val/ <h> masc. an account.

heisyt /hes.j\t/ <he.si.j\.t\> fem.

capacity.

hoj /hiÔ/ <ho.Ô\> masc. a water

reservoir.

hojrI /hoÔ.ri/ <ho.Ô\.rii> fem. stomach.

ho5 /hoˇ˙/ <ho.ˇh\> masc. a lip.

ho6I /ho.Îi/ <ho.Îii> fem. a boat.

235

ho¥o /hod.do/ <ho.ddo> masc. 1. a

rank. 2. a position.

honhar /hon.har/ <ho.n\.ha.r\> adj.

promising.

honart /ho.na.r\t/ <ho.na.r\.t\> fem. a

big accident.

hom /hom/ <ho.m\> masc. a ceremonial

sacrifice.

holo /ho.lo/ <ho.lo> masc. a dove\line

bird.

hovu& /ho.vu~/ <ho.vu~> v.intr. 1. to be, 2.

to take place.

hoi=yar /ho.ßi.jar/ <ho.ßi.ja.r\> adj. 1.

clever, 2. brillient.

hoi=yarI /ho.ßi.ja.ri/ <ho.ßi.ja.rii> fem. 1.

cleverness, 2. intelligence.

hoha /ho.ha/ <ho.ha> fem. uproar.

hoXI /ho.Æi/ <ho.Æii> fem. the Holi

festival.

x8 /kß\¯/ <kß\.¯\> fem. .a moment.

xit /kß\.ti/ <kß\.ti> fem. 1. loss, 2.

injury.

xi{ay /kß\t.ri.j\/ <kß\.tri.j\> masc. a

community so named.

xma /kß\.ma/ <kß\.ma> fem.

.forgiveness.

xmapa{a /kß\.ma.pat.r\/ <kß\/ma.pa.tr\>

adj. forgivable.

xy /kß\.j\/ <kß\.j\> masc. .tuberculosis.

xar /kßar/ <kßa.r\> adj. 1. saltiest, 2.

saline.

ixitj /kßi.tiÔ/ <kßi.ti.Ô\> fem. the

horizon.

xe{a /kßet.r\/ <kße.tr\> neut. a place.

xe{afX /kßet.r\.p˙\Æ/ <kße.tr\.ph\.Æ\>

neut. area

xo- /kßob˙/ <kßo.bh\> masc. hesitation

arising from bashfulness.

}aait /gnja.ti/ <gna.ti> fem. a caste.

}aan /gnan/ <gna.n\> neut. knowledge.

}aanI /gna.ni/ <gna.nii> adj. intelligent.

236

A Brief Outline of Gujarati Parts-of-Speech

Babu Suthar

bsuthar@sas.upenn.edu

(Work in progress)

Department of South Asia Studies

University Of Pennsylvania

820 Williams Hall

36th and Spruce

Philadelphia PA 19104

237

Content

1. Introduction

2. Open class

2.1. Nouns

2.2. Adjective

2.3. Verbs

2.4. Adverbs

3. Closed class

3.1. Pronouns and other Pro-Forms

3.2. Noun adjuncts

3.2.1. Role markers

3.2.1.1 Case markers

3.2.1.2 Postpositions

3.2.2. Quantifiers

3.3. Verb adjuncts

3.3.1. Auxiliaries

3.3.1.1. Simple auxiliaries

3.3.1.2. Modal auxiliaries

3.4. Connectives

3.4.1. Coordinating connectives

3.4.2. Subordinating connectives

3.4.3. Correlative connectives

3.4.4. Adversative connectives

3.4.5. Explicative connectives

3.4.6. Causal connectives

3.5. Other closed classes

3.5.1. Emphasis markers

3.5.2. Interjections

3.5.3. Negators

3.5.4. Politeness markers

3.5.5. Tag-marks

4. Conclusion

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1. Introduction

Gujarati words can be divided into: (1) Open class and (2) Closed class. Open class

consists of nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs, while closed class consists of pronouns

and other pro-forms, noun adjuncts, verb adjuncts, conjunctions and others.

2. Open Class

2.1 Nouns

Nouns have the following properties:

• gender,

• number

• case.

Genders are three: masculine, feminine and neuter. All three genders are marked

and unmarked. Masculine is marked with -Ao, feminine with -:, and neuter is marked with

Ýw&. Examples:

Nouns with unmarked gender

Masculine

-a: b˙ai 'brother'

sap sap 'serpent'

ha9 hat˙ 'hand'

pvRt p\rv\t 'mountain'

ivcar vicar 'thought'

Feminine

bhen b\hen 'sister'

-e&s b˙´~s 'buffalo'

Aa&` ø~k˙ 'eye'

vel vel 'creeper'

pX p\Æ 'moment'

Neuter

=rIr ß\rir 'body'

nak nak 'nose'

fUl p˙ul 'flower'

man man 'respect'

mn m\n 'organ of desire'

Nouns with marked gender

Masculine

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2okro c˙okr.o 'boy'

kUtro kutr.o 'dog (male)'

36o g˙\Îo 'pot'

Aa&bo ø~bo 'mango tree'

p9ro p\t˙r.o 'stone'

Feminine

2okrI c˙okr.i 'girl'

kUtrI kutr.i 'dog (female)'

ndI n\d.i 'river'

za6I j˙aÎ.i 'bush'

Aa&gXI ø~gÆ.i 'finger'

Neuter

2okru& c˙okr.u~ 'child'

kUtru& kutr.u~ 'dog'

taXu& taÆ.u~ 'lock'

mo7u& mø~Î˙.u~ 'mouth'

ka8u& ka¯.u~ 'whole'

Gujarati has many nouns that end in ÝAo and Ý:, but they are not masculine or

feminine respectively. Most traditional grammars treat them as exception. In fact, they

are not. The ÝAo and Ý: of these nouns are not gender markers, they are the indivisible part

of their stem, and therefore it is wrong to treate them as gender markers and then list

them as exceptions. Consider 3o and pa8I, for example. Traditional grammars analyzed

them as follow:

Ë. 3o

g˙.o

stem-Gender marker.

'a kind of reptile'

Ì. pa8I

pa¯.i

stem-Gender marker

'water'

As Ë and Ì show, they treat ÝAo and Ý: as gender markers, which is not a correct

analysis. The correct analysis is given bellow in Í and Î:

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Í. 3o

g˙o.∅

stem-Gender marker

'a kind of reptile'

Î. pa8I

pa¯i-∅

stem-Gender marker

'water'

This analysis shows that 3o and pa8I are nouns with unmarked gender and their -Ao

and -: are not the gender markers.

Numbers are two: singular and plural. Singular is unmarked, while plural is

marked with ÝAo. Examples:

Singular Plural

2okro c˙okr.o 2okraAo c˙okra.o 'boys'

2okrI c˙okr.i 2okrIAo c˙okr.i.o 'girls'

idvs div\s idvso div\s.o 'days'

ma8s ma¯\s ma8so ma¯\s.o 'men'

Case markers are ∅ (nominative), -e (agentive/ergative), -∅ or -ne (accusative/

absolutive), -ne (dative/experiencer), -thi or -e (instrumental), -nu~ (genitive), and

-ma~ (locative). Consider the following paradigm:

Nominative 2okro c˙okrro.∅

Agentive/Ergative 2okraAe c˙okra.e

Accusative/Absolutive 2okro c˙okrro.∅

2okrane c˙okrra.ne

Dative/Experiencer 2okrane c˙okra.ne

Locative 2okrama& c˙okra.ma~

Genitive case inflects for gender and number as the following paradigm shows:

Singular Plural

Masculine 2okrano 2okrana

c˙okra.no c˙okra.no

Feminine 2okranI 2okranI

c˙okra.ni c˙okra.ni

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Neuter 2okranu& 2okrana&

c˙okra.nu~ c˙okra.na~

2.2 Adjectives

Gujarati adjectives fall into two categories: (1) variable and (2) invariable. Variable

adjectives vary in terms of the gender and number of the nouns they modify, whereas the

invariable adjectives do not vary. Consider the examples of saru& and su&dr, variable and

invariable adjectives respectively.

É. saro 2okro

sar-o c˙okr-o

good-MSASC.SG boy-MASC.SG.

'a good boy'

Ê. sarI 2okrI

sar-i c˙okr-i

good-FEM.SG boy-FEM.SG.

'a good girl'

Ë. saru& 2okru&

sar-u~ c˙okr-u~

good-NEUT.SG boy-NEUT.SG.

'a good child'

Ì. sara 2okraAo

sar-a c˙okr-a-o

good-MSASC.PL boy-MASC.PL.

'good boys'

Í. sarI 2okrIAo

sar-i c˙okr-i-o

good-FEM. boy-FEM.PL.

'a good girl'

Î. sara& 2okra&Ao

sar-a~ c˙okr-a~-o

good-NEUT.PL. boy-NEUT.PL.

'a good child'

In É - Î the adjective saru& varies in terms of the gender of the noun it modifies. For

example, in É, the noun is masculine and singular therefore the adjective saru& agrees with

the noun in masculine and singular. In Ê the noun is feminine and singular and therefore

the adjective is also feminine and singular and so on. In Í, however, the noun is feminine

and plural the adjective does not show a plural marker. We can say that adjectives in

Gujarati remain unaffected in number when the noun they modify is feminine and plural.

Now consider the example of su&dr an invariable adjective:

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Ï. su&dr 2okro

sundar chhokr-o

beautiful boy-MASC.SG.

'a beautiful boy'

Ð. su&dr 2okrI

sunder chhokr-i

beautiful boy-FEM.SG.

'a beautiful girl'

Ñ. su&dr 2okru&

beautiful chhokr-uN

beautiful boy-NEUT.SG.

'a beautiful child'

ÉÈ. su&dr 2okraAo

sundar chhokr-a-o

good boy-MASC.PL.

'beautiful boys'

ÉÉ. su&dr 2okrIAo

sunder chhokr-i-o

beautiful boy-FEM.PL.

'a beautiful girl'

ÉÊ. su&dr 2okra&Ao

sundar chhokr-aN-o

beautiful boy-NEUT.PL.

'beautiful child'

In Ï - ÉÊ, su&dr is an invariable adjective and therefore it does not agree with the noun it

modifies.

2.3 Verbs

Gujarati verbs (non-inflected) have the following structure: verb stem + infinitive.

Example:

É. hsvu&

h\s-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

'to laugh'

Ê. r6vu&

r\Î-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

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'to cry'

A verb root may be intransitive, transitive or double transitive. It may be also simple or

causative. É and Ê are the examples of intransitive root. Ë - Ì and Í- Î are the examples of

transitive and double transitive roots respectively.

Ë. kapvu&

kap-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

'to cut'

Ì. pIvu&

pi-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

'to drink'

Í. Aapvu&

ap-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

'to give'

Î. moklvu&

mok\l-vu~

verb stem + infinitive

'to send'

É to Î are also the examples of simple verbs, while ÏÝ Ð bellow are the examples of

causative verbs. These are the verbs that are derived from simple verbs.

Ï. hsavvu&

h\s.av.

-vu~

verb stem +CAUS1+ INFINITIVE

'to make someone laugh'

Ð. hsav6avvu&

has.av.Îav

-vu~

verb stem + CAUS1 + CAUS2

+ INFINITIVE

'to make someone laugh through some another person'

Gujarati inflected verbs have the following pattern: verb stem + inflectional material.

Inflectional material may consists of various features such as tense, person,

gender and number. Following table summaries some of the major inflections for the verb

hsvu&Š

Present (verb stem + tense, person, number)

Singular Plural

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First Person hsu& hsIAe

h\s.u~ h\si.ie

Second Person hse hso

h\s.e h\s.o

Third Person hse hse

h\s.e h\s.e

Future (verb stem + tense, person, number)

Singular Plural

First Person hsI= hsI=u&

h\s.iß h\s.ißu~

Second Person hs=e hs=o

h\s.ße h\s.ßo

Third Person hs=e hs=e

h\s.ße h\s.ße

Past Progressive (verb stem + progressive marker + gender, number)

Singular Plural

Masculine hsto hsta

h\s.t.o h\s.t.a

Feminine hstI hstI

h\s.t.i h\s.t.i

Neuter hstu& hsta&

h\s.t.u~ h \ s . t . a ~

Past Perfective (verb stem + perfective + gender, number)

Singular Plural

Masculine hSyo hSya

h\s.y.o h\s.y.a

Feminine hsI HsI

h\s.y.i h\s.y.i

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Neuter hSyu& hSya&

h\s.y.u~ h\s.y.a~

Past Plu-perfective (verb stem + pluperfect marker + gender and number)

Singular Plural

Masculine hselo hsela

h\s.el.o h\s.el.a

Feminine hselI hselI

h\s.el.i h\s.el.i

Neuter hselu& hsela&

h\s.el.u~ h\s.el.a~

Verbs also inflect for imperative (present and future), desiderative, obligatory,

conditional, and infinitive constructions. Examples:

Imperative

Present

Second Person

Singular Plural/Hon.

rm r\m rmo r\m.o 'play'

`av k˙av `aAo k˙ao 'eat'

Third Person

rmje (future)

Desiderative rmvu&

Obligatory rmvanu&

Conditional rmt

Infinitive rmvu&

Excluding desiderative, all verb forms inflect for gender and number. However,

conditional verb forms inflect optionally.

2.4 Adverbs

Like adjective, adverbs are also variable and non-variable in Gujarati. Variable adverbs

agree with the noun with which the verb agrees. There are various types of adverbs.

Some of them are adverb of time, adverb of place, adverb of manner, adverb of order,

246

adverb of quantity, adverb of doubt, adverb of frequency, adverb of negative and

connecting adverbs.

Time

Aaje aje 'today'

kale kale 'tomorrow'

prmidvse p\r\m divse 'day after or

day before tomorrow.'

svare s\vare 'in morning'

bpore b\pore 'at noon, in the

afternoon'

sa&je... sa~je 'in evening'

etc.

Place

AhI& \hi~ 'here'

Tya& tya~ 'there'

n@k9I n\jik.t˙i 'from near'

pase pase 'near'

dUr9I dur.t˙i 'from a distance'

etc.

Manner

Aem ´~m 'in that way'

jem j´~m ‘as’

tem t´~m ‘in that manner’

jem tem j´~m t´~m ’by hook or crook'

f4af4 p˙\ˇap˙\ˇ ‘one after the other’

06a06 d˙\ÎaÎ˙\Î ‘one after the other’

Acank \can\k ‘accidently’

AekaAek ekaek ‘suddenly’

Order

phelu& p\helu~ ‘first, before’

p2I9I p\c˙it˙i ‘later, after’

Aa`re ak˙\re ‘finally, at last’

Agaw9I \gaut˙i ‘in advance’

badma& badma~ ‘afterward’

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A&te \nte ‘finally, at the end’

Quantity

08u& g˙\¯u~ ‘plenty, much, many’

9o6u& t˙oÎu~ ‘small, less’

pUrtu& pur.tu~ ‘sufficient’

brobr b\rob\r ‘equal’

4ko4k ˇ\koŠ\k ‘full’

Doubt

kdac k\dac ‘perhaps’

kdaict k\dacit ‘hardly’

mo4e -age moˇe b˙age ‘mostly’

38u&`ru& g˙\¯u~k˙\ru~ ‘mainly’

kyarek kjarek ‘sometime’

Frequency

roj roj ‘everyday’

kyarek kjarek ‘sometime’

Avarnvar \varn\var ‘frequently’

var&var var\mvar ‘repeatdly’

Negative

ma ma ‘not’ (colloquial)

na na ‘not’

nhI& n\hi~ ‘not’

Connecting

p8 p\¯ ‘but’

pir8ame p\ri¯ame ‘as a result, consequently’

v0uma& v\d˙uma~ ‘in addition’

joke jo ke ‘however’

td\wpra&t t\dupra~t ‘morover’

3. Closed class

3.1 Pronouns and other Pro-forms

Personal Pronouns

248

Gujarati personal pronouns differentiate three persons (first, second and third) and two

numbers (singular, plural). They have also inclusive and exclusive contrast in third person

plural. In addition, their second person plural form is also used as honorific.

Following table summarize regular and agentive pronouns:

Singular Plural

Fist Person hu& Ame (Exclusive)

Aap8e (Inclusive)

Second Person tu& tme

Third Person te teAo

Personal pronouns take various cases, which include nominative, ergative,

accusative/ dative, genitive and locative and instrumental. From these genitive forms

distinguish among three genders and two numbers. Following table summaries their

forms:

.sg 1

.pl 2

.sg 2

.pl 3

.sg 3

.pl

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Nominative hu& Ame tu& tme te teAo

Aap8e

Ergative me& Ame te& tme te8e teAoAe

Aap8e tem8e

Accusative mne Amne tne tmne tene teAone

Aap8ne temne

Locative marama& Amarama& tarama& tmarama& tenama& teAonama&

Aap8ama& temnama&

Instrumental mara9I Amara9I tara9I tmara9I tena9I teAo9I

Aap8a9I temna9I

Genitive

Masc. maro Amaro taro tmaro teno teAono

Aap8o temno

Fem. marI AmarI tarI tmarI tenI teAonI

Aap8I temnI

Neut. maru& Amaru& taru& tmaru& tenu& teAonu&

Aap8u& temnu&

Non-personal Pronouns

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Gujarati non-personal pronouns include demonstrative pronouns, interrogative pronouns,

relative pronouns, indefinite pronouns and reflexive pronouns.

Demonstrative Pronouns

Aa, pelu& and te / Ae are the demonstrative pronouns. From these pelu& is variable. Aa is the

near demonstrative pronoun, pelu& is the far demonstrative pronoun, while te / Ae are deictic

pronouns.

Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are =u& and ko8. From these =u& is variable. We use =u& to ask

question about non-human things, while ko8 to ask question about humans.

Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns are je......te. These pronouns are used to connect two sentences.

Indefinite Pronouns

ko:, ka&:/ k&: and k=u& are the Indefinite pronouns. ko: used for human, while k&:k/ ka&:k

and k=u&k are used for non-human. From these pronouns, k=u& is variable.

Reflexive Pronouns

pote is the Reflexive pronoun.

In addition to these, Gujarati has also distributive pronouns (je je, te te, ko8 ko8, =u& =u&

etc.), reciprocal pronouns (prSprSpr, ANyoNy, Arsprs), indefinite pronouns (Amuktmuk, fla8u&7I&k8u&,

k&:k etc.).

Non-personal pronouns also inflect for ergative, accusative/dative, locative,

genitive and instrumental cases.

3.2 Noun adjuncts

3.2.1 Role markers

Case markers and postpositions are the role markers in Gujarati.

3.2.1.1 Case markers

Gujarati nouns distinguish seven types of cases: subjective, ergative, objective/dative,

agential, ablative, genitive, locative and vocative. From these, genitive inflects for gender

and number of the noun it takes. Following table summarizes the case markers:

Nominative 2okro 2okro AaVyo. -∅

Ergative 2okraAe 2okraAe

kerI kapI. -Ae

Objective 2okrane rme=e 2okrane

mayoR. -ne

Dative 2okrane rme=e 2okrane

kerI AapI. -ne

Experiencer 2okrane 2okrane p(9r vaGyo. -ne

Ablative bgIca9I maru& 3r bgIca9I 9o6ek j dUr 2e. -9I

Instrumental rme=9I rme=9I bhu& kam 9tu& n9I. -9I

Genitive 2okrano 2okrano

kagX -no, -nI, -nu&, etc.

2okraAono kagX

etc.

Locative 3re rme= ATyare 3re j h=e. -Ae

bgIcama& rme= ATyare bgIcama&

h=e. -ma&

Vocative he 2okra he 2okra,

AhI& Aav. -∅

3.2.1.2 Postpositions

Gujarati postpositions fall in two classes: invariant and variant. The variant postpositions

agree with noun in gender and number. Examples:

250

Invariant postpositions: trf, bad, lgI, pEkI, v6e, vgr...

Variant postpositions: jevo, sr`o...

3.2.2 Quantifiers

Quantifiers are the words that refers to quantity. Following are some of the Gujarati

quantifiers:

1. È %, Í%, Î%.....

2. É/Ì, É/Ê, Ë/Ì...

3. É,Ê, Ë, Ì, Í...

4. Aek, be, {a8, car, pa&c....

5. Aekad, beAek, {a8ek, carek, pa&cek

6. pa, A60u&, po8u&, do7u&, bm8u&...

7. b0u&, 9o6u&, 9o6&uk, ke4lu&k, pUrtu&, ApUrtu&, v0are...

...

3.3 Verb adjuncts

3.3.1 Auxiliaries

3.3.1.1 Simple auxiliaries

Gujarati has two auxiliaries: 2- and ho-. Of these, 2- is used in present tense, while ho- is

used in past tense and future tense. 2Ý and hoÝ both differentiate three person and two

number in present tense and future tense, while hoÝ differentiates three gender and two

numbers only in past tense. Consider the following tables:

2Ý

Present tense

Singular Plural

First Person 2u& 2IAe

Second Person 2e 2o

Third Person 2e 2e

hoÝ

Future tense

Singular Plural

First Person ho:= ho:=u&

Second Person h=e h=o

Third Person h=e h=e

hoÝ

Past tense

Singular Plural

Masculine hto hta

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Feminine htI htI

Neuter htu& hta&

3.3.1.2 Modal auxiliaries

Modal auxiliaries are the verbs that are used as auxiliaries. Such verbs are small in

number and they occur with many restrictions. One such restriction is on the combination

of the verbs. We can not combine all the modal auxiliary verbs with all the non-modal

auxiliary verbs. In such verbal sequences, the first verb takes some linking element while

the second verb takes inflectional material. Examples:

Verb Modal Example

verb

`a: levu& me& kerI `a: lI0I.

na`vu& na`vu& me& je khevu& htu& te khI na~yu&

kapI ka7vu& me& kerI kapI ka7I.

sm@ jvu& hu& AemnI vat sm@ gyo.

s&-XavI devu& me& Aemne be vat s&-XavI dI0I.

wtrI jvu& hu& f4af4 pg9Iya& wtrI gyo.

-rI ra`vu& saru& 9yu& ke me& pa8I -rI ra~yu&. nhI& to Aap8e =u& krt?

hsI p6vu& te jor jor9I hsI p6yo.

bolI w5vu& te AekaAek bolI w5yo.

ka7I mUkvu& me& rme=ne Aoifsma&9I ka8I mUkyo.

3.4 Connectives

3.4.1 Coordinating connectives

Gujarati distinguishes between conjunctive (Ane) and disjunctive (ke, A9va). In disjunctive it

distinguishes between inclusive (ke) and exclusive (A9va). Examples:

Conjunctive sentences:

É. rme= Ane mhe= kale 3er j=e.

Ê. mne lal Ane lIlo r&g gme 2e.

Ë. rme= Aav=e Ane mIna j=e.

Disjunctive sentences:

Ì. marI sa9e ko8 Aav=e? mIna ke lIla? (mIna Aav=e / lIla Aav=e / mIna Ane lIla bNne Aav=e.)

Í. marI sa9e mIna A9va lIla Aav=e. (mIna Aav=e / lIla Aav=e / *mIna Ane lIla bNne Aav=e.)

3.4.2 Subordinating connective

Subordinating conjunction is ke. Examples:

É. te8e k¬u& ke hu& AavI=.

Ê. rme=ne khejo ke Ae kale mare 3er Aave.

Ë. mne htu& j ke

Aek be idvsma& mne tav Aav=e.

3.4.3 Correlative connectives

je ...te is a correlative connective, which decline for all the cases. Consider the following

table:

Nominative je...te

Ergative je8e...te8e

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Dative jene...tene

Genitive jenu&...tenu&

Locative jema&...tema&, jenama&...tenama&

Instrumental jena9I....tena9I

Correlative also inflects for comparative to express size, quantity, etc.: Examples.

jev6u&...tev6u&. (size)

je4lu&..te4lu& (quantity)

jem...tem (manner)

jya&...Tya& (place)

3.4.4 Adversative connectives

p8 and prNtu are adversative conjunctions. prNtu is more formal than p8. Examples:

É. hu& ca nhI&, p8 kofI pI=.

Ê. tme gme Tya& jav. p8 Aa 2okrane AhI& mUkta jav.

Ë. rme=ne khejo ke -le kam kre. p8 tibyt p8 jaXve.

3.4.5 Explicative connectives

ke and Ae4le are the explicative conjunctions. Examples:

É. hu& Ae4lo b0o 9akI gyelo ke na pu2o vat.

Ê. lIla Ae4le lIla. AenI vat 9ay?

3.4.6 Causal connective

kemke/ kar8ke is a causal connective. Examples:

É. hu& kale Skule n hto gyo kemke/ kar8 ke marI tibyt sarI n htI.

Ê. mare `Ub va&cvu& p6=e kem ke / kar8 ke mare kale pirxa 2e.

3.5 Other Closed classes

3.5.1 Emphasis marker

Gujarati distinguishes between two types of emphasis markers: (1) inclusive and (2)

exclusive. Inclusive marker is y / p8 and exclusive marker is j : Examples:

Inclusive

É. lIla y/p8

kale sa&je rsro4lI `a=e.

Ê. lIla kale sa&je y/p8 rsro4lI `a=e.

Ë. lIla kale sa&je rsro4lI y/p8

`a=e.

Exclusive

É. lIla j

kale sa&je rsro4lI `a=e.

Ê. lIla kale sa&je j

rsro4lI `a=e.

Ë. lIla kale sa&je rsro4lI j `a=e.

Ì. lIla kale sa&je rs ro4lI `a=e j.

Besides there are also sentential emphasis word `ru&, that agree with object > subject.

Examples:

Í. rme= AaVyo `ro?

Î. rme=e cop6I va&cI `rI?

3.5.2 Interjections

Gujarati has two types of interjections: primary (which do not have any lexical meaning)

and secondary (which have some lexical meaning associated with them). Ahha, Aho, Aoho,

A0000, h&A are the examples of primary interjections while vah, =aba=, ALya, etc. are the

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examples of secondary interjections. In terms of function, they can be divided into

expressive, conative and phatic types. Expressive interjections can be further divided into

emotive and cognitive interjections. Following is a rough and very preliminary

classification of the Gujarati interjections:

Expressive interjections:

Emotive

1. hay, hay hay, hay re, bapre, ma re, Ao... Express pain

2. Aoho, Aha, A000, Ahha... Exclamatory

3. h4\, 2I, 24\, 9U, i0k... Express hate.

Cognitive

4. vah, =aba=, Aaha, 0Ny... Express joy

Conative

5. Ao, ALya, AlI.... Address terms (informal).

6. hay, hlo, Express greeting.

7. Aav, Aavo, p0aro Express reception (informal sg. informal plural and

honorific, formal respectively).

8. Aavje, Aavjo Express good-bye.

9. cal / calo Tyare Express parting

Phatic

10. h&, =u& Express question.

11. h&A, ha,... Express permission.

12. W&hu& Expresses negation.

3.5.3 Negators

na, nhI&, n and n9I are the negators in Gujarati. We use negators to prohibit an action and

also to negate a sentence or a phrase. Examples:

Prohibitative Negation

É. tme kerI na `ata.

Ê. tme bIju b0u& j `ajo, p8 kerI nhI& `ata.

Ë. tme kerI n `aAo to saru&.

Sentential/Phrasal negation

É. p/½Š rme= AaVyo?

jvabŠ na.

(Ramesh did not come.)

Ê. rme= rmto n9I. (Ramesh may be doing something else.)

Ë, rme= rm=e nhI&. (Ramesh will not play. He will do something else).

Ì. rme= Aavu& na

kre. (Ramesh would not do such thing. Some another person must have

done it).

Í. rme= pakI kerI n laVyo. (Ramesh brought a mango but it was not ripe.)

3.5.4 Politeness marker

@ is the politeness marker that is used with verb and nouns. Examples:

É. kagXno jvab AapvanI k<pa kr=o@.

Ê. bapu@ bhar gam gya 2e. kale Aav=e.

3.5.5 Tag-marks

Gujarati has two types of tag-marks:(1) Sentence initial tag-marks, and (2) Sentence final

tag-marks. Examples:

Sentence Initial tag-marks

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É. to tme kyare pa2a Aav=o?

Ê. te tme kyare Amdavad jvana?

Ë. to to tu& Aa nokrI krvano `ro, kem?

Ì. Tyare to t u& 3er jvano Aemke?

Sentence Final tag-marks

Í. tme ca pI=o ke?

Î. Aa cop6I lw& ke?

Ï. jra Aa kagX va&cI btav to.

Ð. me& Aa4lu& kam to kyuRne?

4. Conclusion

This is a very brief outline of the Gujarati parts-of-speech I have prepared for the

Beginning Gujarati and Intermediate Gujarati class. I am more concerned with specifying

general properties of these parts of speech and listing sample words belonging to them.

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Gujarati Numerals

Gujarati has three types of numerals: cardinals, ordinals, and fractions.

Cardinal

1 1 †å‘

2 2 ËÜå

3 3 µÜ±Ü

4 4 œÜÜÓ

5 5 ÆÜÜØœÜ

6 6 “

7 7 ôÜÜ´Ü

8 8 †Ü«

9 9 ÃÜíÜ

10 10 ¹ôÜ

11 11 †ÝÄÜÑÜÜÓ

12 12 ËÜÜÓ

13 13 ´ÜåÓ

14 14 œÜÜæ¹

15 15 ÆÜØ¹Ó

16 16 ôÜÜåì

17 17 ôÜ¶ÜÓ

18 18 †°ÜÓ

19 19 †ÜåÄÜÝ±ÜôÜ

20 20 íÜßôÜ

21 21 †å‘íÜßôÜ

22 22 ËÜÜíÜßôÜ

23 23 ´ÜåíÜßôÜ

24 24 œÜÜåíÜßôÜ

25 25 ÆÜœœÜßôÜ

26 26 “ííÜßôÜ

27 27 ôÜ¶ÜÜíÜßôÜ

28 28 †¬ÜíÜßôÜ

29 29 †ÜåÄÜ±ÜµÜßôÜ

30 30 µÜßôÜ

31 31 †å‘µÜßôÜ

32 32 ËÜµÜßôÜ

33 33 ´ÜåµÜßôÜ

34 34 œÜÜåµÜßôÜ

35 35 ÆÜÜØµÜßôÜ

36 36 “µÜßôÜ

37 37 ôÜÜ²µÜßôÜ

38 38 †Ü²µÜßôÜ

39 39 †ÜåÄÜ±ÜœÜÜêÜßôÜ

40 40 œÜÜêÜßôÜ

41 41 †å‘´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

42 42 ËÜå´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

43 43 ´Üå´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

44 44 œÜàÏÜÜêÜßôÜ

45 45 ÝÆÜô´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

46 46 “å´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

47 47 ôÜà²´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

48 48 †²´ÜÜêÜßôÜ

49 49 †ÜåÄÜ±ÜÆÜœÜÜôÜ

50 50 ÆÜœÜÜôÜ

51 51 †å‘ÜíÜÃÜ

52 52 ËÜÜíÜÃÜ

53 53 µÜåÆÜÃÜ

54 54 œÜÜåÆÜÃÜ

55 55 ÆÜØœÜÜíÜÃÜ

56 56 “ÆÆÜÃÜ

57 57 ôÜ¶ÜÜíÜÃÜ

58 58 †¬ÜíÜÃÜ

59 59 †ÜåÄÜ±ÜôÜÜ‡«

60 60 ôÜÜ‡«

61 61 †å‘ôÜ«

62 62 ËÜÜôÜ«

63 63 µÜåôÜ«

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64 64 œÜÜåôÜ«

65 65 ÆÜÜØôÜ«

66 66 “ÜôÜ«

67 67 ôÜ²ôÜ«

68 68 †²ôÜ«

69 69 †ÄÜ±ÜÜåôÜß¶ÜåÓ

70 70 ÝôÜ¶ÜåÓ

71 71 ‡‘Üå´ÜåÓ

72 72 ËÜÜå´ÜåÓ

73 73 ´ÜÜÇ´ÜåÓ

74 74 œÜàÏÜÜå´ÜåÓ

75 75 ÆÜØœÜÜå´ÜåÓ

76 76 “Üå´ÜåÓ

77 77 ÝôÜ¶ÜÜå´ÜåÓ

78 78 ‡«ÖÑÜÜå´ÜåÓ

79 79 †ÄÜ±ÑÜÜ†åïÜß

80 80 †åïÜß

81 81 †åÑÜÜïÜß

82 82 ËÑÜÜïÜß

83 83 ´ÑÜÜïÜß

84 84 œÜÜåÑÜÜÚïÜß

85 85 ÆÜØœÜÜïÜß

86 86 “ÖÑÜÜïÜß

87 87 ôÜ´ÑÜÜïÜß

88 88 †«ÖÑÜÜïÜß

89 89 ÃÜíÑÜÜïÜß

90 90 ÃÜåíÜàØ

91 91 †å‘Ü±ÜàØ

92 92 ËÜÜ±ÜàØ

93 93 µÜÜ±ÜàØ

94 94 œÜÜåÓÜ±ÜàØ

95 95 ÆÜØœÜÜ±ÜàØ

96 96 “ÅÜàØ

97 97 ôÜ¶ÜÜ±ÜàØ

98 98 †¬Ü±ÜàØ

99 99 ÃÜííÜÜ±ÜàØ

100 100 ôÜÜå

In counting 100 is †å‘ ôÜÜå, 200 is ËÜôÜÜå, 300 is µÜ±Ü ôÜÜå, 400 is œÜÜÓ ôÜÜå and so on. Similarly,

1000 is ÷¡Ó, which is once again †å‘ ÷¡Ó, ËÜå ÷¡Ó, µÜ±Ü ÷¡Ó and so on. One hundred

thousand is called êÜÜƒÜ in Gujarati. There is no concept of million in Gujarati. We

describe it as ¹ôÜ êÜÜƒÜ. One hundred êÜÜƒÜ is called ‘ÓÜå² and one hundred ‘ÓÜå² is called

†ËÜè.

Remember:

In Gujarati each number symbol has its own name. They are †å‘²Üå, ËÜÄÜ²Üå, ´ÜÄÜ²Üå, œÜÜåÄÜ²Üå,

ÆÜÜØœÜ²Üå, “ÄÜ²Üå, ôÜÜ´Ü²Üå, †Ü«²Üå, ÃÜíÜ²Üå and ÏÜß²àØ for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 0 respectively.

Ordinals:

The ordinals for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 are ÆÜ÷åêÜàØ, ËÜßèàØ, µÜßèà, œÜÜå³ÜàØ, “¬àØ, respectively. For rest of the

numbers, we use –ÏÜàØ. Examples: ÆÜÜØœÜÏÜàØ, ôÜÜ´ÜÏÜàØ, †ÜÜ«ÏÜàØ, ÃÜíÜÏÜàØ ¹ôÜÏÜàØ and so on. The ordinals

must agree with noun in gender. Example:

ÆÜ÷åêÜÜå “Üå‘ÓÜå first boy

ÆÜ÷åêÜß “Üå‘Óß

second boy

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ÆÜ÷åêÜàØ “Üå‘ÓàØ

third boy

Fractions:

Following is the list of the fractions:

¼ ÆÜÜ

½ †²ÁÜàØ

¾ ÆÜÜå±ÜàØ

1¼ ôÜíÜÜ

1 ½ ¹Üå°

1 ¾ ÆÜÜå±ÜÜ ËÜå

2 ¼ ôÜíÜÜ ËÜå

2 ½ †°ß

2 ¾ ÆÜÜå±ÜÜ µÜ±Ü

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